不平衡水推力下垫层蜗壳座环结构剪力特性分析

机组运行时蜗壳座环在不平衡水推力作用下承受较大的水平剪力,该剪力值过大将会给蜗壳结构的稳定带来安全隐患.考虑钢衬与软垫层、混凝土的摩擦接触,建立了垫层蜗壳的三维有限元模型,详细研究了垫层子午包角、平面包角、变形模量厚度比和围岩约束对座环剪力的影响.结果表明:垫层子午包角向下延伸不利于座环抗剪;垫层平面包角变化改变了钢蜗壳外围结构的刚度分布,对座环剪力具有显著影响;垫层变形模量厚度比的变化不仅改变了座环各向剪力的数值及其承担的沿厂房横向不平衡水推力的比例,还改变了座环剪力的空间分布规律;在其他条件不变的情况下,围岩约束的改变对座环剪力没有明显影响.     

基于损伤理论的金属蜗壳埋设方式比较

为研究不同埋设方式蜗壳结构的受力特点,明确它们在大型水电站厂房中的应用可行性,选取ABAQUS中的损伤塑性模型描绘混凝土材料的力学性能.结合某工程实例,对垫层蜗壳和直埋蜗壳进行了三维非线性有限元计算,重点从蜗壳外围混凝土裂缝的开展宽度和范围及机墩结构的不均匀上抬位移两方面,对两种埋设方式蜗壳结构进行了比较.计算结果表明:两种埋设方式蜗壳都可以满足结构强度要求,但从限裂和变形两方面讲,垫层蜗壳略优于直埋蜗壳.     

垫层铺设范围对水电站蜗壳受力特性的影响

结合某大型水电站的工程实际,采用ABAQUS程序和其中的混凝土损伤塑性模型,对传统垫层、直埋及局部垫层蜗壳进行了三维非线性有限元计算.计算结果表明,直埋蜗壳外围混凝土损伤范围最大,局部设置垫层可以有效减少钢筋用量,降低钢筋应力,缩小外围混凝土的损伤区.垫层平面铺设范围越大,上述效果越明显,但是导致座环的扭转变形也越大.当垫层平面范围从蜗壳进口端铺设到135°断面时,定子和下机架基础板的相对不均匀上抬量最小,对机组运行有利.     

水电站充水保压蜗壳间隙闭合及接触传力特性

充水保压蜗壳结构的受力和变形与保压间隙的闭合特性直接相关,进口结构连接形式对保压间隙的闭合特性存在潜在的影响.为此,采用有限元法模拟保压蜗壳施工到运行全过程.结果表明:保压间隙具有显著的提前闭合特性,提前闭合区从进口断面和45°断面外侧、270°断面内侧开始,随内水压力的增大逐渐扩展;达到保压水头时,未闭合区与最先闭合区空间上相对.伸缩节过缝时设置止推环或者引水钢管与蜗壳直接相连都能有效延迟保压间隙提前闭合的时机,对外围混凝土大部分截面的受力有利,座环承担的不平衡水推力和扭矩减小约50%.采用简化算法时,蜗壳外围混凝土大部分特征截面的合力明显偏小,且机墩上抬变形偏小30%~40%,可能导致设计不安全.     

影响水电站垫层蜗壳结构自振特性的若干因素分析

本文采用ANSYS软件对某水电站地下厂房蜗壳结构自振特性进行了分析,研究了水电站垫层蜗壳结构中垫层平面铺设范围、垫层老化性能、水体质量、水压力膨胀作用等因素对结构自振特性的影响.研究结果表明:垫层未老化时,垫层平面铺设范围、水体质量和水压力膨胀作用对蜗壳结构自振频率影响不明显;当垫层老化形成较大的缝隙并考虑流道内水体质量时,钢蜗壳和混凝土结构自振频率会明显减小,而由于内水压力膨胀作用使得钢蜗壳刚度的增加则会提高结构的自振频率,对结构抗振有利.因此在垫层蜗壳设计时一定要重视垫层材料的选择,确保其力学性能不因时间而改变.     

水电站预热膨胀蜗壳埋设方式研究

基于钢蜗壳预热膨胀特性,提出水电站预热膨胀蜗壳埋设方式.结合一实际工程充水保压蜗壳结构,采用理论分析及有限单元法,针对完整施工和运行周期,围绕钢蜗壳初始变形、间隙演变及外包混凝土受力特性等方面进行研究,对钢蜗壳预热膨胀与充水保压的替代关系进行分析.结果表明:预热膨胀埋设方式能够产生与充水保压同等量级的变形,但变形规律具...     

水电站钢蜗壳与外围混凝土结构的受力特性研究

应用三维有限元法，结合我国龙羊峡，岩滩，宝珠寺水电站的厂房蜗壳结构，研究了钢蜗壳与外围混凝土之间设置软垫层情况下的蜗壳与外围混凝土结构的位移及应力分布规律，给出了钢蜗壳及外围混凝土结构的几个主要受力特性。     

水电站垫层蜗壳配筋计算

为研究“Г”形框架简化、平面简化和接触摩擦对垫层蜗壳配筋计算的影响,分别采用结构力学法和有限元法对某垫层蜗壳进行计算结构力学法对蜗壳进口断面进行等截面简化,将其作为深受弯构件进行配筋计算;有限元计算采用ABAQUS软件,建立完整标;住机组段蜗壳结构模型及蜗壳进口断面平面轴对称模型,在铜蜗壳和混凝土及垫层之间创建接触对,模拟接触摩擦关系,将计算得到的弹性应力图形作为配筋依据计算结果表明,采用平面“Г”形框架法可能造成计算配筋面积偏小;在考虑接触摩擦的前提下,将蜗壳结构简化为轴对称结构进行初步配筋计算是可行的;对垫层蜗壳结构进行有限元分析时有必要考虑接触摩擦,摩擦系数f应慎重取值.     

不同埋设方式下巨型水轮机蜗壳结构动力特性研究

随着水电机组单机容量的提高,蜗壳日趋向巨型化发展,HD值很高.目前,关于巨型蜗壳结构动力特性的研究在理论和实践方面涉及较少,然而此问题在设计阶段尤其重要.为此,对典型的3种蜗壳埋设方式,即垫层、保压和直埋,以某巨型工程为实例,采用三维有限元方法,从优化设计的角度重点研究和比较了蜗壳结构的刚度、固有振动特性、脉动水压力作用下结构的振动反应和抗疲劳特性.计算与分析表明,蜗壳埋设方式对厂房结构的静、动力特性的影响不显著, 不应成为蜗壳埋设方式选择的制约因素.     

软土路堤中土工格栅在填筑与地震作用下的受力特性

土工格栅在软土路基中已有广泛应用,与塑料排水板的配合使用可以加速软土路基的固结沉降。首先对软土路堤进行了静力加载填筑计算分析,分析加筋垫层土工格栅的受力特性和位移变形特性;其次对建成的软土路堤选择与场地类型相适应的地震波进行了地震动力响应分析,获得了土工格栅的受力特性及变形特性。结果表明,不等高反压平台的修建导致了后续土工格栅受力不均;但轴力值在容许值之内,地震响应下路堤主要以水平运动为主,土工格栅的运动及受力趋势可以为路堤整体性提供评价依据。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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