麦芽糖酶基因MAL62的不同截断变体对面包酵母发酵性能的影响

为了探究麦芽糖酶基因MAL62的不同截断变体对面包酵母发酵性能的影响,以面包酵母工业菌株BY-14基因组为模板,通过PCR获得编码麦芽糖酶的3种不同长度氨基酸的DNA序列,研究改造后菌株的发酵力、麦芽糖消耗速率及麦芽糖酶活力的变化,从而揭示编码麦芽糖酶的氨基酸与其功能之间的关系。结果表明:含有编码麦芽糖酶不同长度基因的面包酵母菌株的发酵力、麦芽糖消耗速率及麦芽糖酶活力均优于含有未改造的麦芽糖酶的重组菌株,说明敲除催化区域外的氨基酸不会影响面包酵母中麦芽糖酶的主要性能和面包酵母菌株的无糖面团发酵能力。     

敲除MIG1同时过表达MAL62面包酵母的发酵性能

以亲本面包酵母工业菌株BY-14a为对照,研究了敲除MIG1同时过表达MAL62面包酵母重组菌BPM-M的发酵性能.实验结果表明:重组菌株BPM-M的麦芽糖酶活提高,麦芽糖利用速率较亲本菌株提高29.1%;葡萄糖阻遏减弱38.8%;无糖面团发酵力达到163.4mL/(h·g),较亲本菌株提高了50.6%.     

ROS介导γ-氨基丁酸调控拟南芥根毛发育机制研究

以拟南芥根特异性表达的γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)合成酶基因(GAD1)突变体(gad1)为材料,探讨了GABA在根毛发育中的调控机制.结果表明,gad1突变体中根毛的长度明显高于野生型,外源GABA的添加会抑制拟南芥野生型和gad1突变体根毛的长度.活性氧(ROS)染色证实了gad1突变体根尖和根毛区域ROS的水平高于野生型, qRT-PCR实验表明gad1突变体中参与ROS清除基因(CSD1、CSD2和MSD1)的表达受到了抑制.研究初步证实了GABA代谢参与了ROS介导的根毛生长调控, GABA作为一种负调控信号参与了根毛生长的调节.     

拟南芥突变体arf8和nph4/arf7的长下胚轴表型的初步研究

通过对拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)ARF8和NPH4/ARF7基因的突变体以及有关双突变体的下胚轴长度的表型和遗传分析,探讨了arf8-1、nph4-102和nph4-107长下胚轴表型的起源.结果表明,ARF8基因的其他突变体arf8-2、arf8-3和arf8-4都没有表现出类似于arf8-1的长下胚轴表型;在与ARF8同源性较高的NPH4/ARF7的突变体中,突变位点与arf8-1相似的nph4-102和nph4-107表现出与arf8-1相似的长下胚轴表型和不完全显性的遗传方式;双突变体arf8-1 nph4-102的下胚轴长度比两个单突变体的长,说明arf8-1与nph4-102在长下胚轴表型上存在加性效应.因此,arf8-1、nph4-102和nph4-107的长下胚轴表型极可能源于相应突变体蛋白的产生,而非相关基因功能的缺失.     

发根农杆菌T-DNA诱变怀地黄突变体或品系的遗传学分析

主要采用紫外吸收光谱法、高效液相色谱法、3,5-二硝基水杨酸比色法,PCR和SRAP技术,从叶绿素含量、还原糖和总糖含量、梓醇含量、毛蕊花糖苷含量和T-DNA片段的稳定性和基因组DNA的变化方面,对发根农杆菌转化怀地黄突变体或品系的变异性状进行了分析.发现怀地黄突变体或品系的叶片形态、植高、叶绿素含量、糖含量、梓醇和毛蕊花糖苷的含量均有变异,一个SRAP引物组合从其基因组DNA中扩增出一个对照中没有的约400bp的DNA片段,T1-T7代突变体或品系中均检测到rolB基因的存在.这些结果表明发根农杆菌T-DNA可以诱导怀地黄产生变异,并且稳定遗传.     

粟酒裂殖酵母麦芽糖酶基因的克隆及在大肠杆菌内的表达

利用PCR的方法，以粟酒裂殖酵母菌的染色体DNA为模板，扩增得到粟酒裂殖酵母的结构基因，其开放阅读框1740 bp的序列，可以编码579氨基酸，分子量为67.7 kD.利用NCBI对它的蛋白序列进行比对，发现这个蛋白序列与Aspergillus oryza、Candida albicans、Hansenula polymorpha、Saccharomyces cerevisiae、Saccharomyces pastorianus的麦芽糖酶相比分别具有40.6%、41.6%、37.9%、34.7%、34.5%的相似性.而与粟酒裂殖酵母的α-葡萄糖苷酶具有99.8%的相似性，由此可以得出克隆得到的结构基因应该是粟酒裂殖酵母的麦芽糖酶结构基因.将克隆的粟酒裂殖酵母的麦芽糖酶基因克隆到pQE30表达载体中在大肠杆菌中进行诱导表达，然后测定其麦芽糖酶的活力，其酶的比活力是野生菌株的21倍，诱导条件下麦芽糖酶的比活力是非诱导条件下的10倍.     

坛紫菜色素突变体产生原因的初步研究

以6种不同颜色的坛紫菜(Pyropia haitanensis)品系为研究材料,通过生理指标测定和转录组测试分析,对坛紫菜色素突变体产生的原因进行初步研究。根据色度值将6个品系划分为红黄组和绿组,其中:红黄组包括3个色素突变品系(红色、橘色和紫色)和1个野生品系,绿组包括2个色素突变品系(棕绿色和翠绿色)。进一步研究发现:1)红黄组品系的平均藻红蛋白(PE)含量比绿组高1倍,但两组藻体在藻蓝蛋白(PC)和别藻蓝蛋白(APC)含量上没有显著差异。2)红黄组藻体的平均叶绿素(Chl a)含量比绿组低35%,这导致红黄组藻体的PE/Chl a含量比绿组高1.7倍。3)红黄组藻体藻胆蛋白合成关键基因血红素氧化酶(HMOX1)和铁氧还蛋白氧化还原酶(HY2)的表达水平高于绿组。4)两组内不同品系间在色素合成关键基因的表达上具有显著差异。其中,叶绿素和藻胆蛋白合成的关键基因hemA的表达水平上调,促进更多色素的合成;叶绿素合成关键基因Mg-鳌合酶亚基和CHLG表达水平上调,调控藻体合成更多Chl a,使得藻体呈绿色;而HMOX1和HY2明显上调,促进血红素合成胆绿素,最终提高PE含量,使藻体偏红色。以上结果说明,坛紫菜藻胆蛋白和叶绿素合成通路中关键基因的差异表达可能导致藻体PE/Chl a含量比的不同,进而产生不同颜色的突变体。     

jet基因与时差对果蝇寿命的调控研究

果蝇是理想的节律、睡眠与寿命机制研究的模式生物之一.研究已表明果蝇中因表达Jetlag(Jet)蛋白,进而调节重要生物钟蛋白Timeless(Tim)的降解,使得果蝇能很快适应新的光照周期,即表现出不明显的时差反应.为了研究jet基因和时差对果蝇寿命影响,利用jet突变体果蝇进行睡眠与寿命监测,结果表明:两种同类型jet突变体果蝇的睡眠时间显著高于对照组果蝇,其睡眠次数相对较少,每次睡眠时间较长,提示Jet蛋白功能的缺失反而能促进果蝇睡眠的维持,出现嗜睡症状.进一步探讨了两种不同的时差生活环境对jet突变体与对照组果蝇寿命的影响.研究表明,两种jet突变体寿命在时差环境中表现出显著性延长,而对照组则没有明显变化.以上结果提示jet基因的缺失对于果蝇寿命可能产生部分影响,其作用机制与生物学意义还有待进一步研究.     

真核细胞基因转录抑制机制的研究

真核细胞的基因转录抑制受多方面的调节,目前的研究已经揭示了转录因子产生转录抑制的分子机制,蛋白之间的相互作用产生的转录抑制等几方面的作用机制.研究了全酶与基因的转录、染色质与真核基因转录抑制、干扰激活因子活性等,在真核细胞基因转录抑制中起的作用.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that