燃气轮机可转导叶自抗扰控制策略研究

在燃气轮机运行过程中，可转导叶易随压气机转速等状态量变化而频繁改变角度，继而引起振荡。这种可转导叶的振荡现象可能影响机组性能甚至导致喘振的发生。本文采用一种基于分散式多变量控制策略的新型自抗扰控制（ADRC）算法，对燃气轮机可转导叶设计了转速–导叶双变量自抗扰控制方法，并加入了死区和滤波功能，能够在保证机组转速稳定的同时抑制机组运行过程中可能出现的可转导叶抖动现象，可在不同工况下稳定机组状态，提高燃机效率。     

重型电动轮自卸车自抗扰传动控制

分析了电动轮自卸车传动控制系统的特点,提出了电动轮自卸车自抗扰传动控制,设计了基于遗传算法参数整定的自抗扰传动控制系统.仿真结果表明,自抗扰控制器完全能够满足系统控制要求,且比同样采用遗传算法参数整定的PID控制具有更强的抗扰能力和鲁棒性.     

基于改进遗传算法的自抗扰控制器优化设计

针对超空泡航行体受力特征及其航行时具有非线性、时滞与耦合等复杂问题,提出可根据适应度对控制参数进行自适应动态调整的改进遗传算法。通过建立超空泡航行体纵向模型,设计专用自抗扰控制器对其进行控制,并针对控制器参数多、调节困难的问题,改进了自适应遗传算法对其精确优化。最后通过特性仿真,验证了基于改进的自适应算法的自抗扰控制器相比经典自抗扰控制器的优势。仿真结果表明,该自抗扰控制器符合实际需求,具有良好的控制效果。     

模糊自抗扰控制在凹印机放卷张力中的应用

针对凹印机放卷张力系统多变量、非线性、强耦合、时变的特性,基于系统基本组成元件工作原理的耦合建模方法,建立了张力控制系统的动态数学模型。为了提高张力控制系统的控制性能,在自抗扰技术的基础上,引入模糊控制,提出了张力控制模糊自抗扰控制策略,并对控制系统的解耦性能和抗扰性能进行了仿真研究。结果表明:模糊自抗扰控制策略能够有效抑制外界扰动和系统参数变化的影响,实现恒张力控制;模糊自抗扰控制器实现了张力系统的解耦控制,解决了系统参数整定难的问题。     

基于自抗扰控制技术的单元机组协调系统

针对单元机组协调系统具有多变量强耦合、非线性及参数时变的特性,提出了基于自抗扰控制技术的单元机组协调系统控制方案.其主要特点是把每个通道的耦合环节看成该通道的外扰,通过自抗扰控制器中的扩张状态观测器对总扰动进行估计,并在控制信号中加以补偿,从而实现了单元机组的解耦控制.通过对一个通用的非线性协调系统模型的仿真研究,表明了该方案具有较好的解耦效果、较快的响应速度和较强的抗干扰能力.     

电网一次调频特性分析与优化控制策略研究

本文对电网及机组的一次调频特性进行了研究,利用电网-发电机组模型分析了系统频率变化引起的并列运行机组输出功率变化的关系及发电机组一次调频动作原理,提出了提高机组一次调频动作特性的改进控制策略。在某300MW机组实际应用的结果表明,基于发电机组模型分析所提出的控制策略提高了机组一次调频动作的准确性,取得了良好的效果,对其他机组改善一次调频性能具有一定的参考价值。     

基于IGPC-NADRC火电机组制粉系统控制策略

针对火力发电机组制粉系统存在参数不稳定、大滞后及多变量的问题,本文构建非线性最小二乘法辨识模型,采用隐式广义预测算法预测模型输出,构造非线性扩张状态观测器(NESO),估计系统存在的干扰并补偿,设计应用于火力发电机组制粉系统的隐式广义预测非线性自抗扰控制策略(IGPC-NADRC),化简内模结构并分析系统稳定性。在仿真实验中采用时域分析法验证控制器内关键参数对系统输出的影响;设计抗干扰实验和变设定值实验,比较IGPC-NADRC控制、动态矩阵(DMC)自抗扰控制(ADRC)、IGPC-PID控制策略和DMC-PID控制策略的控制效果。研究结果表明：IGPC-NADRC控制系统的抗干扰性能好,鲁棒性强,当系统受到外界干扰时该方法的超调量为5.72%,调节时间为44 s,稳定性更佳。工程应用结果表明,采用IGPC-NADRC控制策略后系统的偏差范围比PID控制时的更小,证明了方法的有效性。     

静液驱动履带车辆行驶控制策略研究

为提高静液驱动履带车辆行驶控制性能,设计了基于马达转速调节的车辆行驶控制策略,并采用线性自抗扰控制算法调节马达输出转速。首先建立了静液驱动系统流体动力学模型,获得以马达转速为输出的系统传递函数;然后基于履带车辆行驶动力学和运动学原理建立了以两侧马达目标转速为控制量的车辆数学模型;在此基础上根据静液驱动系统特点制定整车行驶控制策略并设计线性自抗扰控制器,对马达转速进行闭环控制;最后在MATLAB/Simulink中进行仿真分析,验证了车辆行驶控制策略的有效性。结果表明：线性自抗扰控制算法在不同工况下可有效控制车辆完成稳定的直线、转向行驶,与经典PID控制算法相比,具有响应速度快、无超调和抗干扰能力强的优点。     

直线单级倒立摆自抗扰控制优化设计

自抗扰控制技术（ADRC）通过对模型不确定因素和外扰进行补偿,使得控制系统对外扰和不确定因素均有很好的适应能力,能够有效控制多种工业上较为难控的对象,表现了极强的鲁棒性和抗干扰性,但是ADRC参数众多难以调节．本文将生物免疫算法与遗传算法相结合,提出了一种基于免疫遗传机理优化计算模型,避免了遗传算法易出现早熟、搜索效率低及不能很好保持个体多样性等问题,给出了基于免疫遗传算法的ADRC参数整定方法,通过对直线单级倒立摆的自抗扰控制,仿真实验表明了通过免疫遗传算法整定的ADRC具有的良好控制效果．     

四旋翼直升机的线性自抗扰与非线性H_2/H_∞混合控制

为实现四旋翼直升机的轨迹跟踪控制,基于线性自抗扰与非线性H_2/H_∞混合控制提出一种非线性鲁棒控制策略。采用拉格朗日—欧拉方程建立四旋翼直升机的非线性数学模型,并将其划分为旋转运动子系统和平移运动子系统。在旋转运动子系统中,选取非线性H_2/H_∞混合控制实现姿态角的稳定控制;在平移运动子系统中,采用线性自抗扰控制完成位置系统的跟踪控制。研究结果表明:在考虑参数不确定性和持续外部扰动的情况下,所提出的控制策略鲁棒性较强,具有较好的跟踪效果和抗扰性能。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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