一种以改变目标为策略的改进型三层通道布线算法

本文提出了一种改进型的三层通道布线算法——以改变目标为策略的三层通道布线算法.根据不同的布线问题,分别采用不同的布线方法,即首先从分析布线问题的最大垂直限制链长和最大通道密度出发,当以完成布线所需的通道数为最小作为目标时,采用HVH的三层通道布线算法;当以缩短最大垂直限制链长为目标时,采用HVH_m的布线算法.因此,它综合了曲干布线和直干布线两方面的优点,即不仅充分利用了通道区的空间,而且又一定程度地限制了导通孔数的增加.本算法已用FORTRAN语言编程实现,对引文中已发表的若干布线实例,都获得了较满意的结果.     

一个带串扰限制的L-型通道集成电路布线优化算法

针对 L -型通道集成电路布线问题 ,给出一个带有串扰限制的优化布线算法 .此算法思想也适用于解决矩形通道、十字型通道等各种不同类型单层通道的布线问题 .文章的最后对算法的时间复杂性进行了简要的分析     

实用的应用图论算法的单元及通道布线

如何高效节省的进行电路板及芯片的布线,对于提高设计速度减少工作强度具有十分重要的意义。本文给出了一种实用的应用图论算法的单元及通道布线的算法,并采用一种绕线方法成功解决了两层通道布线问题。     

基于自由分层的通道区布线算法

本文在分析线网之间关系的基础上提出了自由分层条件下的通道区布线模型:同层限制图 Gs,相交图 Gi。基于这一模型,分析了二层布线条件下对线网分层和布线序的基本限制,导出了分层的基本原则。在此基础上,分析了线网可 overlap 的性质和条件,从总体分析的思想出发,提出了直接以完成布线通道区所需面积最小化为目标的分层布线算法。实验结果表明,通道区布线面积和通孔的数目比基于横竖分层的布线算法有较大减少,对于Deutsch's difficult example,该算法获得18个 track 解。     

采用分枝搜索技术的四边通道布线

对二层四边通道布线问题提出了一种新算法，其设计基于分枝搜索技术，如果问题的解存在，一定能百分之百地完成布线。     

通孔最小化的三层不规则边界通道布线

提出了一种以连通孔和布线区域最小化为目标的三层不规则边界通道布线算法。算法将通道边界的凹陷区域看成固定障碍,利用填充和压缩方法,使线网绕过障碍,实现互连。算法已用PASCAL语言编程,并在XT/286机上实现。结果表明,该算法不仅使通孔数减少,而且由于利用了各凹陷区域之间的面积进行布线,通道宽度也相应减小。     

一种L型通道布线算法

近年来,通道布线问题引起了人们广泛的重视。但至今研究L型通道布线的文章很少。本文提出了一种以减少信号网冲突数为主要目标的L型通道布线算法。该算法从一种总体的考虑出发,把L型通道分解为两个相关的四边通道进行布线,提高了布线成功率。     

积木块总体布线中残余区的利用

本文提出了一个新的有效的积木块总体布线算法。本文通过定义“残余通道”的概念,在总体布线阶段使残余通道和主通道同时参与布线.从而使布线区域的利用率得到较大提高。本文还利用“最大割集最小化”的方法对初始总体布线的结果加以调整,使调整后的布线结果更加优化。     

基于图论模型的两类通道布线算法研究

通道布线问题是VLSI物理设计中的一个关键问题,本文从结点的两类约束图入手来研究布线算法.对垂直约束图中含有有向圈的一类通道布线问题进行研究,设计出包含一对和两对空结点情况下的布线算法,该方法能够得到更好的轨道高度.     

多芯片组件布局布线设计的新途径

目的MCM布局布线设计的封装设计库不能满足具体MCM设计的要求,本文针对这一问题进行研究。方法首先对零件库加以扩充,并研究MCM多层布线基板设计等问题,为布局布线做准备。结果采用本文的方法,对检测器电路实例进行了布局布线设计,可以满足具体电路布局布线设计要求。结论本文的方法是多芯片组件布局布线设计的一种可行方法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with