钢混凝土组合桥面板负弯矩区裂缝宽度计算

制作了5个组合桥面板试件并进行负弯矩加载试验,结果发现组合桥面板在混凝土开裂后截面内钢筋、钢板的应变不符合平截面假定,钢筋应变明显大于按照平截面假定求得的计算值.理论推导了组合桥面板混凝土开裂后截面钢筋应力的计算公式,并与试验结果对比,计算值与实测值吻合较好.对不同的混凝土裂缝宽度计算方法进行对比发现:采用本文推荐的钢筋应力公式,并使用公预规提出的混凝土裂缝宽度计算公式按照偏心受拉构件计算,得到的结果与实测值吻合较好.     

部分充填混凝土窄幅钢箱组合梁抗裂性能研究

为了研究充填混凝土窄幅钢箱连续组合梁负弯矩区的弯曲性能,以及栓钉间距、配筋率对连续组合梁负弯矩区混凝土翼板抗裂性能、裂缝开展和宽度的影响,完成3根反向加载的简支组合梁的静力加载试验;考虑翼板混凝土收缩应力的影响,推导出连续组合梁负弯矩区翼板开裂弯矩理论计算公式。试验结果表明,在较低荷载下连续组合梁翼板负弯矩区就会开裂,而发生明显的内力重分布;箍筋间距对裂缝间距有一定的影响,且剪力连接程度和配筋率对连续组合梁负弯矩区裂缝发展以及宽度的影响较明显,适当增加配筋率可以减小组合梁负弯矩区翼板最大裂缝宽度。通过求解组合梁负弯矩区的开裂弯矩,考虑收缩应力的影响能够更准确的控制混凝土的开裂,并对计算值与试验值进行比较,证明这种理论计算式是可行的。     

GFRP-混凝土组合连续板的静力性能试验研究

为提高钢-混凝土组合梁桥桥面板的耐久性,研究GFRP(玻璃纤维增强复合材料)-混凝土组合连续板的变形及裂缝宽度,设计了3片负弯矩区具有不同钢筋配筋率的GFRP-混凝土组合连续板,并对其进行了对称加载试验,重点考察了连续板的破坏模式、变形、裂缝宽度和应变分布等力学特性.结果表明:3片连续板均发生了弯剪破坏;破坏时板端GFRP槽形板与混凝土之间无明显滑移;随着负弯矩区配筋的增强,连续板全过程变形减小;在钢筋屈曲前,连续板正负弯矩区的应变分布基本符合平截面假定.试验研究和理论分析结果的对比表明:可以采用现行桥梁规范中考虑混凝土开裂区域刚度变化的等效刚度计算GFRP-混凝土连续板的等效刚度,并通过文中计算方法获取连续板的变形;此外可以采用现行规范JTG D62—2004中钢筋混凝土的裂缝宽度计算方法计算连续板负弯矩区的混凝土裂缝宽度.     

部分充填式钢箱-混凝土组合梁的负弯矩区裂缝宽度

对4根反向加载的部分充填式钢箱-混凝土组合梁进行单调受弯试验,并对影响组合梁负弯矩区裂缝的因素进行分析.根据试验与理论分析,完善考虑混凝土收缩应力的部分充填式钢箱-混凝土组合梁负弯矩区开裂弯矩计算方法.对负弯矩区不同力比的组合梁裂缝宽度试验观测值与各文献计算值进行对比.结果表明:力比是影响组合梁裂缝发展的主要因素,栓钉的布置和钢梁内充填的混凝土对裂缝的发展也有影响.     

带开孔板连接件的压型钢板‒混凝土组合桥面板疲劳性能试验研究

为研究带开孔板连接件（PBL连接件）的压型钢板?混凝土组合桥面板的疲劳性能，设计制作了1块连续组合桥面板试件，试件长9.25 m，宽1.5 m，最大混凝土板厚24 cm，压型钢板厚3 mm；开展了单点变幅疲劳加载和间隔性的静力加载试验，测试了试件的跨中挠度、钢底板和负弯矩区钢筋应变，观测了负弯矩区混凝土裂缝的分布与发展，测量了最大裂缝宽度，得到了组合桥面板试件受力性能随疲劳加载次数增加而退化的过程以及和试件的疲劳破坏形态。试验结果表明：组合桥面板试件的受力性能随着疲劳加载次数的增加而发生退化；在经过累计600万次疲劳加载后试件未发生破坏，表明其具有较好的抗疲劳性能；组合桥面板试件最终的疲劳破坏形态为跨中截面钢底板断裂破坏，裂纹最先萌生于PBL连接件与钢底板焊接位置，同时静载下负弯矩区混凝土的最大裂缝宽度达到了0.2 mm，利用线性损伤准则分析了已有的S-N（应力幅?循环次数）曲线对组合桥面板的适用性。     

后结合预应力组合梁桥的抗裂性能试验

为研究后结合预应力组合梁桥的预压应力分布和负弯矩区抗裂性能，设计2根连续组合试验梁，其中一根为负弯矩区设计成全预应力混凝土板的后结合组合梁，另一根为无预应力的普通组合梁。测试了试验梁在张拉预应力筋和静力加载过程的受力性能，得到负弯矩区截面的应力状态和裂缝分布。试验表明：因钢梁和混凝土板不连接，预压应力由混凝土板承担且混凝土截面的预压应力沿着横向的分布不均匀。后结合预应力组合梁的初始开裂荷载和群钉孔外的开裂荷载分别是普通组合梁的3.1和5.0倍。后结合预应力组合梁抑制裂缝沿着横向贯穿混凝土板，提高了负弯矩区的抗裂性能。混凝土平均裂缝间距约等于横向钢筋间距。后结合预应力组合梁在开裂后的受力状态与普通组合梁类似。     

组合桥面板疲劳荷载后剩余承载力试验研究

为了研究高性能混凝土组合桥面板经历疲劳荷载后的剩余承载力,设计制作了两个足尺的正交异性高性能混凝土组合桥面板,通过疲劳和静力加载试验测试了正交异性组合桥面板的静力承载能力、破坏形态与疲劳后剩余极限承载力。试验结果表明：正交异性高性能混凝土组合桥面板经历疲劳荷载后的静力破坏形态为受弯破坏,试件达到极限状态时中支点截面U肋屈曲,受拉钢筋屈服,负弯矩区混凝土板开裂严重,组合桥面板的受力性能发生退化。经过疲劳加载后的桥面板的剩余极限承载力较没有经过疲劳加载的桥面板承载力下降了约11.6%。基于钢筋混凝土黏结滑移理论推导了适用于疲劳荷载作用后的高性能混凝土组合桥面板平均裂缝间距计算公式。对比试验结果,所提出的平均裂缝间距计算公式具有良好的精度,可为实际工程应用提供理论参考。     

部分充填混凝土-钢箱连续组合梁裂缝特征

对5根部分充填混凝土-钢箱连续组合梁进行静力加载试验,研究组合梁在负弯矩作用下的混凝土面板的裂缝开裂和发展特征.根据试验结果与理论分析,综合考虑力比、栓钉间距对部分充填混凝土-钢箱连续组合梁裂缝特征的影响,对比负弯矩区裂缝宽度试验值与各文献计算值.结果表明:力比对裂缝最大宽度的影响较大,栓钉可引起次生裂缝的产生,故应将力比及栓钉连接件的间距作为部分充填混凝土-钢箱组合梁中支座区最大裂缝宽度计算的重要参数.     

钢-混凝土组合节点裂缝研究

通过对6个钢—压型钢板混凝土组合节点进行试验,研究钢—混凝土组合节点在负弯矩作用下混凝土板裂缝的开展情况,结合试验和理论分析,完善了钢—混凝土组合节点混凝土板开裂受弯承载力、最大裂缝宽度的计算方法.     

组合梁斜拉桥有效宽度系数及实用计算方法

为了掌握组合斜拉桥主梁混凝土桥面板在轴向力和弯矩共同作用下有效宽度系数沿跨长方向的分布规律,进行了空间有限元计算,提出了斜拉索水平轴向力作用下混凝土桥面板有效宽度系数沿跨长方向分布曲线计算公式.同时,通过理论分析得出了弯矩作用下混凝土桥面板有效宽度系数计算方法.研究结果表明:斜拉索水平轴向力在混凝土桥面板中的传递角度可取28°;综合考虑轴力和弯矩复合作用的有效宽度系数实用计算方法,能够准确反映组合斜拉桥混凝土板的应力状态,对保证结构安全、改进设计方法具有重要参考价值.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~