导热油蒸氨工艺的应用

<正>焦化厂炼焦产生的氨水含有氨、酚、硫化物、氰化物、吡啶和焦油等有毒有害物质,如不能有效回收或去除,对于后续废水的生化处理影响较大,影响废水的合格排放。蒸氨就是利用蒸馏原理将剩余氨水中的氨蒸出。传统的蒸氨工艺是利用蒸汽为热源,直接进入蒸氨塔进行蒸氨,不仅消耗大量蒸汽,蒸汽冷凝水也进入蒸氨废水中,增加了废水处理的负荷及成本。重庆市重钢股份有限公司新区焦化厂一期工程4×60孔焦炉于2010年投入试运行,与之配套的氨水处理采用了导热油炉加热导热油间接进行蒸氨的工艺,设计处理氨水量为80m3/h。采用导热油蒸氨工     

导热油技术在焦化蒸氨工序中的应用

用焦炉煤气加热导热油代替蒸汽用于焦化厂蒸氨的新工艺投入运行后,不仅大大降低了生产成本,而且减少了外排废水量,具有较好的经济效益和环境效益。     

试论煤气净化系统的改造

介绍了太化焦化厂对原煤气净化系统进行改造的情况,具体论述了对原系统的冷鼓系统、电捕焦油系统、脱硫系统、洗氨和蒸氨系统、洗苯和脱苯系统等进行的改造。     

提高焦化厂粗苯收率的技术改造探讨

本文针对焦化厂粗苯生产中，粗苯收率低、能耗高、洗油单耗高等问题，通过生产工艺、操作条件、生产设备的技术改造，有效地改善了粗苯生产回收效果，提高了粗苯收率。     

基于HSB微生物技术的焦化废水处理中试

为开发高效且低成本的焦化废水处理新技术,将高分解力菌群(HSB)微生物技术应用于O2/A处理工艺,进行中试试验.对某厂蒸氨废水和混合废水(蒸氨废水和浮选废水混合)进行处理,并考察系统停运后恢复运行或系统进入异常废水(浮选废水或精苯废水)时HSB微生物的适应情况.结果表明: HSB微生物可以耐受废水中较高浓度的有害物质,脱氮无须补加碳源;经处理后的焦化废水中各项污染物的浓度满足国家标准GB13456-1992的要求,且脱色效果好,剩余污泥产生量少;该工艺运行成本低,加碱量为常规硝化反硝化工艺的1/5～1/3.     

浅谈设备改造是影响煤气塔后含苯和粗苯收率的主要因素

黑化集团公司焦化厂现有两座半焦炉,年产75万t焦炭,并配有相应的回收装置。回收车间粗苯洗涤采用是在洗苯塔内用洗油吸收煤气中的苯族烃工艺方法;蒸馏采用是管式炉脱苯生产一种苯或两种苯的方法。粗苯是重要的化工原料,影响粗苯收率因素很多。但是主要因素是由于贫油冷却器窜漏,造成贫油温度偏高,影响洗苯塔内吸收温度和吸苯效果。因此必须对贫油冷却器进行改造,降低洗苯塔后煤气含苯,提高粗苯回收率。     

回收系统富油预热装置的改进和经济效益

富油是指将冷却的贫油用泵送到富含苯及其衍生物洗苯塔内吸收粗苯形成的，是粗苯生产的中间过程。温度有效控制在160℃-170℃是富油脱苯效果好坏的关键。2004年元月黑化集团焦化厂回收系统采用了管式炉煤气加热替代蒸汽预热的生产工艺，取得了良好的效果，为工厂创造巨大的经济效益。     

酒精差压蒸馏工艺及设备装置

该产品是综合国内外先进蒸馏工艺而优化组合的蒸馏技术,由五座塔和多具加热器、再沸器组成差压蒸馏系统装置。五座塔只有两塔直接使用生蒸汽加热,其余各塔均利用酒汽加热,在工艺和设备上采用现代化手段生产,科学地运用各塔的不同压力和温度,使之形成差压蒸馏,实现热能的重复利用,达到大量节能之目的。每吨酒精可节约蒸汽3.2吨,节水26m~3,比常压蒸馏法节省蒸汽达55%,大大地降低了生产成本。而且能稳定生产 GB10343-89食用优级酒精,提高酒精回收率,减少工业酒精比率,减少环境污染。对以淀粉质为原料生产酒精后废     

循环冷却水水质控制对策

循环冷却水水质控制系统能够有效地解决涟钢焦化厂循环水系统近年来出现的以及目前仍然存在的一些生产难题。该控制系统如果能够顺利实施的话,煤气外送量以及焦油、粗苯的产量和质量都会有很大的改进,同时工业冷却水摘要:管道和煤气冷却器的使用寿命也将会大大延长。     

改进热过滤操作提高学生实验的易操作性

改进的热过滤操作 ,通过采用对滤液直接加热产生蒸汽的方式 ,充分利用了蒸汽的热能使漏斗中的待滤液保持高温 ,使重结晶的热过滤操作顺利、简单易行 ,且重结晶的收率提高 .     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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