几类N-氧化物的应用和直接合成方法

N-氧化物是一类具有广泛生物活性的化合物,常用于各种药物合成的中间体或者本身就是药物;同时它们也可以作为有机化工中间体和催化剂等,在有机合成上起到非常重要的作用.传统的制备N-氧化物的方法是采用合适的氧化剂对含氮化合物进行N-氧化.此外,用直接合成方法,即在生成含氮化合物的同时发生N-氧化,也可以得到相应的N-氧化物.由于直接合成方法的一些优势和传统方法的诸多缺陷,本文着重总结了包括嘧啶类N-氧化物和喹喔啉类N-氧化物等在内的十类N-氧化物的直接合成方法,并简述了它们的应用.     

N—取代α—吡咯烷酮和α,γ—吡咯烷二酮的合成和结构表征

标题化合物是一大类新型促智健脑药物合成的共同中间体，报道了它们的简便合成方法，并对其互变异构体、二聚体和相关化合物的分子结构进行了表征和讨论。     

[(Z)-4-(肉桂酰氧基)-2-丁烯基]-二异[(Z)-4-(肉桂酰氧基)-2-丁烯基]-二异丁基碘化碲的合成研究

近年来,含有三员环的化合物无论是在天然产物还是在合成药物中大量涌现[1].碲盐作为一种重要的有机合成中间体,已经被广泛运用于合成环丙烷和三员杂环化合物的合成[2].同时,碲盐作为烯丙基化试剂和1,3-偶极子在有机合成中也有了一定的应用[3].烯丙基碲盐的合成已有较为成熟的方法[4],但顺丁烯单碲盐的合成至今还未见报道.一方面,这类化合物可以合成一种有烯丙基的负离子而直接参予类似于烯丙基碲盐的反应,同时由于本身含有一个酯基和一个顺式烯烃的结构,从而使之成为更有效的有机合成中间体成为可能.为此,我们开展了对这类化合物的合成研究.     

多杂原子化合物的设计与合成

通过Vilsmeier反应合成了4-[N-甲基-N-苯基]氨基苯甲醛中间体,该中间体与芳香胺类化合物反应,设计合成了3个新的多杂原子稠环化合物,并通过核磁氢谱、红外光谱、元素分析对它们进行了结构表征。     

[（Z）—4—（肉桂酰氧基）—2—丁烯基]—二异丁基碘化碲的合成研究

近年来，含有三员环的化合物无论是在天然产物还是在合成药物中大量涌现^[1]。碲盐作为一种重要的有机合成中间体，已经被广泛运用于合成环丙烷和三员杂环化合物的合成^[2]。同时，碲盐作为烯丙基化试剂和1，3-偶极子在有机合成中也有了一定的应用^[3]。烯丙基碲盐的合成已有较为成熟的方法^[4]，但顺丁烯单碲盐的合成至今还未见报道，一方面，这类化合物可以合成一种有烯丙基的负离子而直接参予类似于烯丙基碲盐的反应，同时由于本身含有一个酯基和一个顺式烯烃的结构，从而使之成为更有效的有机合成中间体成为可能。为此，我们开展了对这类化合物的合成研究。     

组合化学中的固相合成法在药物研究中的应用

固相合成技术在组合化学的小分子化合物库的构建中得到了充分应用和发展，有机含氮杂环具有多种生物活性，是多种药物的母核。本文简要综述了以亚胺和烯胺为中间体采用固相合成技术构建有机含氮杂环化合物库的方法。     

N-氧化-4-硝基吡啶的合成及表征

以吡啶为起始原料,通过N-氧化和硝化反应合成了N-氧化-4-硝基吡啶.在N-氧化反应中,因用水作为反应介质,钨酸和硫酸为催化剂,不仅降低了反应成本,减少了环境污染,而且N-氧化吡啶的产率较高为96.2%,最终产物的产率也较高为90%.运用MS,IR,1HNMR及13CNMR等方法对标题化合物进行了表征,以证明合成方法的可靠性.     

类胍中间体的合成及生物活性研究

噻吩嘧啶酮的稠杂环化合物具有广谱的生物活性,对于制备该类化合物的类胍中间体的合成和生物活性报道很少.通常类胍中间体无需进一步纯化,可直接进行下一步操作即制得噻吩嘧啶酮,我们合成出了类胍中间体,并对其性质和生物活性作一系统研究.     

甲基苯磺酰胺类CCR5生物拮抗剂的合成及表征

以1-苯甲基-4-哌啶酮合成了4-甲基-N-乙基-N-(4-哌啶基)苯磺酰胺(中间体7),以4-氯苯甲氯为原料,通过溴化及还原合成了5-溴-2-(4-氯苯甲氧基)溴甲基苯(中间体3),通过中间体7和中间体3合成了一种新的小分子化合物4-甲基-N-乙基-N-(N-(5-溴-2-(4-氯苯甲基氧基)苯甲基)-4-哌啶基)苯磺酰胺,对该产物进行了1 H NMR、MS、IR表征及生物活性检测,结果表明该化合物可以作为药物开发的候选化合物.     

新的有机合成反应(Ⅱ)

本文综述了含氮杂环化合物的新合成法、具多官能团化合物的一官能团选择性还原法、硅氧烷系中间体的最新发展等三个方面的有机合成新成就。     

含硫杂环化合物的合成与性质

含硫杂环化合物广泛存在于天然产物、香料和药物分子之中,具有特殊的气味以及重要的生物活性,有着广泛的用途。这类化合物也是有机合成中一类非常重要的中间体。因此,含硫杂环化合物的合成研究备受关注。本文阐述了近几年来含硫杂环化合物的合成研究进展,对其相关性能进行了评价,并对该领域的发展前景进行了展望。     

烯基锡化合物的区域和立体选择性合成进展

烯基锡化合物是取代烯烃的重要合成原料和中间体,在有机合成中有着十分广泛的应用.文章综述了区域和立体选择性地合成Z型或E型的烯基锡化合物的方法.     

Recent developments in homobimetallic reagents and catalysts for organic synthesis

Organometallics are a family of useful organic chemicals because they play important roles in organic synthesis as reagents and as catalysts.They can be classified according to the number of metals they contain.Bimetallic compounds are important organometallics and they are either homobimetallic or heterobimetallic depending on whether the two metals are the same or different.In this paper,we focus on homobimetallic compounds.Homobimetallic compounds are generally used as dianions to react with electrophiles in organic synthesis.Recently,homobimetallics have also been used as catalysts in organic reactions such as in asymmetric reactions.     

含连三唑基和羰基的异噁唑中间体的合成

以2-苯基-1,2,3-三唑-4-甲醛为原料,合成2种在异噁唑环上同时含有1,2,3-三唑基和羰基的新型化合物,它们可作为合成其他杂环化合物的中间体,其分子结构经IR,1HMR,MS谱确证.     

Advance in the synthesis of aromatic amine via direct amination

Arylamines are very common and important organic molecules. Acting as important intermediates in medical and chemical industry, they are widely used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, dyes, pesticides, rubber additives, isocyanates and heterocyclic compounds. The traditional methods for the synthesis of arylamines include several steps. The production of aniline, for example, includes the following steps: the production of nitro-benzene by the nitration of benzene, and the reduction of the resulting nitro-benzene by catalytic hydrogenation or other reduction ways[1-6]; or the substitution of phenol or chlorbenzene by amino groups, etc.[7-10]. There are several disadvantages for these methods: low atom utilization, strict operation condition, large amount of by-products and serious environmental pollution, which could not afford for the needs of a sustainable civilization. So there has been growing interest in the direct amination to produce arylamines recently. With the direct methods, the multi- step reaction may change into one step, the atom utilization can be evidently improved, and the by-products H2 or/and H2O are harmless to the environment.     

Proline-catalysed Mannich reactions of acetaldehyde

Small organic molecules recently emerged as a third class of broadly useful asymmetric catalysts that direct reactions to yield predominantly one chiral product, complementing enzymes and metal complexes. For instance, the amino acid proline and its derivatives are useful for the catalytic activation of carbonyl compounds via nucleophilic enamine intermediates. Several important carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions, including the Mannich reaction, have been developed using this approach, all of which are useful for making chiral, biologically relevant compounds. Remarkably, despite attempts, the simplest of all nucleophiles, acetaldehyde, could not be used in this way. Here we show that acetaldehyde is a powerful nucleophile in asymmetric, proline-catalysed Mannich reactions with N-tert-butoxycarbonyl (N-Boc)-imines, yielding beta-amino aldehydes with extremely high enantioselectivities-desirable products as drug intermediates and in the synthesis of other biologically active molecules. Although acetaldehyde has been used as a nucleophile in reactions with biological catalysts such as aldolases and thiamine-dependent enzymes, and has also been employed indirectly, its use as an inexpensive and versatile two-carbon nucleophile in asymmetric, small-molecule catalysis will find many practical applications.     

Advance in the synthesis of aromatic amine via direct animation

Arylamines are very common and important organic molecules. Acting as important intermediates in medical and chemical industry, they are widely used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, dyes, pesticides, rubber additives, isocyanates and heterocyclic compounds. The traditional methods for the synthesis of arylamines include several steps. The production of aniline, for example, includes the following steps: the production of nitro-benzene by the nitration of benzene, and the reduction of the resulting nitro-benzene by catalytic hydrogenation or other reduction ways^[1—6]; or the substitution of phenol or chlorbenzene by amino groups, etc.^[7—10]. There are several disadvantages for these methods: low atom utilization, strict operation condition, large amount of by-products and serious environmental pollution, which could not afford for the needs of a sustainable civilization. So there has been growing interest in the direct amination to produce arylamines recently. With the direct methods, the multi- step reaction may change into one step, the atom utilization can be evidently improved, and the by-products H₂ or/and H₂O are harmless to the environment......     

多取代联苯衍生物的合成研究

 联苯类化合物广泛存在于许多具有生理活性的天然产物中,它们的合成受到人们越来越多的关注.通过Suzuki偶联反应合成出了可用于合成秋水仙碱和木脂素类化合物中间体的化合物A和B.     

稳定二硅烯的合成及其反应活性研究进展

稳定二硅烯作为一种重要的反应合成中间体在有机合成中得到了广泛应用,通过反应能够得到一些用一般方法难以合成的小张力环、多环化合物及含硅杂环化合物．文章对稳定二硅烯的合成及其反应活性研究进展进行综述．     

有机官能团氧化数特征初探

通过对有机物分子中官能团和活性部位点上碳氧化数的分析,探讨了局部氧化数、整体氧化数、同类物质的氧化数、芳香烃碳上的氧化数、含氮化合物氮原子上的氧化数、羧酸中羰基碳的氧化数以及杂环化合物相应原子的氧化数值．当发生氧化还原反应时。对这些活性部位点上原子的氧化数的变化情况也进行了一些初步的讨论．