褶纹冠蚌Cristaria plicata(Leach)唇瓣的扫描电镜观察

运用扫描电镜技术研究了褶纹冠蚌的唇瓣结构．研究结果表明，褶纹冠蚌的唇瓣分为外唇瓣和内唇瓣，内外唇瓣相向一面具沟嵴，为褶皱面，相背一面表面光滑，为光滑面．光滑面表面无沟嵴，表皮细胞排列紧密，细胞表面有大量微绒毛，纤毛较少，呈簇状，分布均匀；褶皱面具有褶襞，呈现出平行的沟和嵴，沟和嵴上都被覆浓密的纤毛．光滑面和褶皱面的纤毛在末端处变细，纤毛其它各处粗细比较均匀，两面都有大量分泌球．纤毛和黏液在食物分拣和运输中起重要作用．     

菲律宾蛤仔（Ruditapes philippinarum）唇瓣的表面结构

用扫描电子显微镜技术研究了菲律宾蛤仔唇瓣的表面结构。结果表明：菲律宾蛤仔唇瓣分为光滑面和褶皱面。光滑面细胞排列紧密，细胞表面有大量的微绒毛，纤毛较少，呈簇状分布；褶皱面具沟和嵴，嵴上被覆浓密的纤毛。光滑面和褶皱面的纤毛在末端膨大呈勺状，两面都有大量黏液细胞分布。纤毛和黏液在食物选择和运输中起重要作用。     

漂白粉对三角帆蚌外套膜粘液细胞及珍珠囊细胞的影响

研究了不同浓度的漂白粉（0.5mg/L,1.0mg/L,1.5mg/L)处理后对三角帆蚌的影响,结果表明各浓度漂白粉对外套膜和珍珠囊细胞的超微结构均有不同程序损害,表现为粗面内质网脱颗粒,网腔扩张,线粒体基质电子密度改变等,其中1．5mg/L漂白粉的影响最为严重,除发生上述变化外,外套膜内表皮粘液细胞中硫酸化粘液减少,酸性粘液增加,外表皮细胞中性粘液几乎消失,该浓度组的结缔组织中钙球体的数量也明显高于其它各组。     

文蛤（Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus）外套膜的组织学与组织化学研究

利用组织学和组织化学染色方法对文蛤外套膜进行了研究。结果表明，文蛤外套膜具有双壳贝类外套膜的典型结构特征，即由中央膜与边缘膜组成，边缘膜具有3个突起。组织结构包括内外上皮层、结缔组织与肌纤维。不同部位的外套膜，其上皮细胞的形态结构、结缔组织与肌纤维含量等有差异。上皮细胞与结缔组织中分布有几种不同类型的粘液分泌细胞。组织化学研究结果显示，缘膜突起上皮细胞内含有丰富的糖类。分泌细胞内含物中含有丰富的糖类和少量的RNA，同时在分泌细胞检测到较强的ACP酶活性。     

金烏贼(Sepia esculenta Hoyle)精莢器的結构和精莢的生成

作者(1961)曾初步报道过金烏贼精荚的构造和精子放射过程,本文继其后叙述精荚生成的过程。精荚在单一的精荚器內生成,精荚器由一系列的腺体组成,包括粘液腺、放射导管腺、中被膜腺、外被膜腺、硬腺和终腺。精子由盘曲之输精管首先进入粘液腺,输精管壶腹可收缩而每次进入之精子量恰够形成一个精荚。粘液腺分三部分——Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ。粘液腺Ⅰ管腔之纤毛的摆动,使精子转动前进,排列成螺旋漏斗状。粘液腺Ⅱ,Ⅲ皆具多褶皱的管腔。精子并不进入粘液腺Ⅱ而直接进入Ⅲ之管腔,在此加上精团表面之粘液物。Ⅱ之分泌物形成胶合体,待精团经过Ⅱ之管口时即与之相接。放射导管具“U”形管腔,其一側有纤毛沟.生成中的精荚即自此沟中通过,并顺序加上內、中、外膜及內被膜斜荒は僖簿摺癠”形管腔及纤毛沟,并与放射导管者相连续.精荚也自纤毛沟通过并裹上很厚的中被膜。外被膜腺管腔很狭,精荚很快自此通过并裹上外被膜。此时,精荚已完成基本构造。硬腺具很多绒毛状褶皱,精荚在其中被大量吸去水分,因此大小近于成熟者,其中以中被膜失水为最。硬腺囊分泌物形成冠及冠线。终腺则是精荚完成形态变化的場所詈?精莢通过狭扁的精莢管而儲于精莢囊內、完成了整个生成过程。     

鲢鱼鳃的扫描电镜研究

用扫描电镜观察了鲢（Ｈｙｐｏｐｈｔｈａｌｍｉｃｈｉｈｙｓｍｏｌｉｔｒｉｘ）的鳃弓、鳃耙、鳃丝及鳃小片的表面结构，整个鳃上遍布微嵴，但不同区域的微嵴形态有差异：如排列方式、密集程度、宽度和长度等。另外，不同部位存在着不同功能的细胞群。味蕾存在于鳃耙的游离末端；粘液细胞几乎遍及整个鳃表面；鳃丝表面有少量氯细胞。     

裸体方格星虫体壁形态和组织学结构

报道了裸体方格星虫体壁的形态和组织学结构.结果表明:裸体方格星虫体壁由吻和躯干两部分组成,吻长与躯干长之比介于0.3与0.4之间,体壁由外到内依次由角质层、上皮、结缔组织层、环肌层、纵肌层和壁体腔膜组成.角质层是由上皮细胞分泌而成的非细胞结构,主要分布于躯干体壁;上皮薄,为单层柱状上皮;肌肉发达,外环内纵,均成束状分布;体壁的最内为壁体腔膜,由单层上皮细胞组成,朝体腔侧有具纤毛细胞的存在.AB-PAS染色显示体壁具有2种类型的粘液细胞,主要分布于吻部体壁上皮,躯干体壁上皮仅有少量的酸性粘液细胞存在.     

栉孔扇贝外套膜表皮细胞的分泌方式

采用组织学和电镜细胞化学方法,对人工养殖的3龄栉孔扇贝(Chlamys，farreri)外套膜表皮细胞的分泌方式进行了研究．结果表明。栉孔扇贝外套膜表皮细胞的分泌方式有局部分泌、顶浆分泌和全浆分泌．内表皮细胞以局部分泌和顶浆分泌为主,外表皮细胞以顶浆分泌和全浆分泌为主。生壳突起、感觉突起和缘膜突起上皮细胞均以顶浆分泌为主。表皮细胞中的髓性过氧化物酶(MPO)和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)均可通过局部分泌和顶浆分泌方式排到体表.     

龙洞山溪鲵部分器官组织的扫描电镜观察

龙洞山溪鲵胃体、十二指肠及皮肤的扫描电镜观察结果表明:(1)胃粘膜表面分布有许多胃小凹;粘膜上皮细胞大小不等,呈圆形、椭圆形和梭形等形状;细胞表面具短小的微绒毛.(2)十二指肠粘膜上皮向腔端突起,呈半球状;细胞表面具微绒毛结构.(3)皮肤表层下陷,形成近似平行的“埂”和“槽”相间结构;皮肤表层有丰富的粘液腺孔,细胞表面具丰富的微绒毛.     

长白山区软枣猕猴桃与狗枣猕猴桃的结构植物学特性

应用扫描电子显微镜技术,研究了长白山区软枣猕猴桃与狗枣猕猴桃茎、叶、花粉的结构.结果表明:软枣猕猴桃与狗枣猕猴桃茎木质部均为环孔材,具单纹孔.叶表皮细胞整齐紧密,气孔为无规则型,狗枣猕猴桃叶主脉的毛状物突起明显.花粉粒具三条萌发沟,狗枣猕猴桃花粉表面纹饰近光滑,软枣猕猴桃花粉表面纹饰皱波均一.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~     

Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has