新的异腈类配合物99mTcN-CHI的制备与生物分布研究

通过甲酰胺化和脱水2步反应合成了配体环己基异腈（CHI），对其进行了熔、沸点测定，红外和元素分析等表征；并以氯化亚锡为还原剂、二硫代肼基甲酸甲酯为供氮体，经配体交换反应制备了放化纯度大于95%的配合物^99mTcN-CHI，该配合物为脂溶性的，在室温下放置6h以上放化纯度无明显变化，在正常昆明小鼠体内进行的生物分布实验结果表明，^99mTcN-CHI在心肌中有一定摄取，但肝、肺、血等本底摄取相对较高。动物实验结果还显示，该配合物在血液中有较高的浓集，其在静注后5min时的血/心、血/肝和血/肺单位质量组织摄取率的比值分别为0.95,3.15和1.33，有望通过对异腈配体结构的修饰而获得制备方法简单、生物性能优良的^99mTc标记心血池显像剂。     

高锰酸钾改性煤基活性炭催化合成环己酮乙二醇缩酮

以高锰酸钾改性煤基活性炭为催化剂合成了环己酮乙二醇缩酮，并获得了较好的合成条件，即n（环己酮）；n（乙二醇）=1：1．5，催化剂用量为总反应物料质量的3．3％（环己酮质量的6．5％），以8．0mL环己烷为带水剂，反应时间为2．5h，产率为89．6％．实验结果表明，该催化剂容易获得，可回收使用。具有较高的催化活性．     

中华眼镜蛇毒组份Ⅲ的碘化标记物制备及质量鉴定

目的：研究对眼镜蛇毒(Naja naja atra venom)组份Ⅲ进行^125I放射性标记的方法及其质量评价．方法：用氯胺-T法碘化标记眼镜蛇毒组份Ⅲ．结果：用氯胺-T法按^125I标记组份Ⅲ，标记物放化纯为98．38％，比活度为0．945mCi／mg，RF值为0．76，每个组份Ⅲ分子上带0．56个^125I原子，与非标记组份Ⅲ有相同的生物学活性和理化性质．结论：所标记的眼镜蛇毒组份Ⅲ符合放射结合分析的要求．     

CT引导下放射性^125I粒子组织间植入治疗复发宫颈癌的疗效观察

为探讨应用三维定向放射治疗计划系统,CT引导下行放射性^125I粒子组织间植入治疗复发性宫颈癌的可行性和疗效。以15例宫颈癌术后复发患者为研究对象,行CT引导下^125I粒子植入术。在CT引导下12例患者经阴道穿刺将^125I粒子植入靶区肿瘤内,3例患者经皮穿刺将粒子植入,每个瘤体内植入粒子数为5—58粒,平均为25粒,粒子活度25．9MBq。术后行CT检查评价治疗效果。2月后CT复查结果显示,15例患者中完全缓解率为33．3％（5／15）。部分缓解率为46．7％（7／15）,稳定率13．3％（2／15）,病变扩展率为6．7％（1／15）。治疗总有效率为80％。2个月随访期间未发现粒子游走、膀胱-阴道瘘、直肠-阴道瘘、直肠纤维化、肺动脉栓塞、局部出血、感染等并发症发生。CT引导下放射性^125I粒子植入治疗复发宫颈癌,具有安全有效、创伤小、并发症发生率低、近期疗效显著等优势。     

新的NS配体CYCA的合成、~(99m)Tc标记及动物分布的研究

为了探索结构与生物分布性质的关系，合成了一种新的ＮＳ配体Ｌ－半胱氨酸酞－对氯苯胺盐酸盐（ＣＹＣＡ）．以ＳｎＣｌ２为还原剂，制备了放化纯大于９３％的９９ｍＴｃＯ－ＣＹＣＡ．探讨了ｐＨ值和反应温度对９９ｍＴｃＯ—ＣＹＣＡ标记率的影响，并对其小鼠生物分布进行了研究．结果表明，９９ｍＴｃｄ－ＣＹＣＡ在脑和心肌中具有一定的浓集，在肝脏中有较高浓集，并且清除速度较慢．这些结果对于探索结构与生物分布性质的关系提供了参考．     

甲硝唑衍生物混配配合物明^99mTcN（PNP5）（MN—cys—OS）的制备及生物性能研究

合成了一种新的含甲硝唑药效团的双功能配体：2-[3-（2-甲基5硝基咪唑基）丙酰胺基]-3巯基丙酸（MN—cysOS），并与[^99mTcN]警中间体反应，制备得到一种^99mTcN核标记的混配配合物：^99mTcN（PNP5）（MN—cys-OS），其标记率大于95％．研究表明^99mTcN（PNP5）（MN—cys—OS）为电中性、脂溶性配合物（P=3．17±0．06），具有较好的体外稳定性．正常昆明小鼠体内生物分布研究结果显示该配合物具有很快的肝、血清除性能，进一步的荷MA891肿瘤小鼠研究显示其具有一定的乏氧选择性，但肿瘤摄取较低．     

亚铜催化法131Ⅰ标记间碘苄胍的研究

采用亚铜做催化剂，研究了^131I标记间碘苄胍的方法，即是沸水浴温度，标记时间15min，用铜量2．5μg和抗坏血酸量5．0mg；纸层析法分析标记物，标记率大于97％．此标记方法不需要进一步的分离，具有简单、快速的特点。     

海洋菌对对硫磷的积累与降解

本研究了3株海洋菌对对硫磷的积累与降解，结果发现，对硫磷在三株菌中标记率由高到低分别是菌株4307、菌株4320、菌株5621。菌株4307的标记率普遍在70％以上，菌株4320则表现了明显的时间变化，随着时间的增长标记率不断减少，由0．5小时到24小时的标记率分别为：68．63％、56．47％、53．06％、31．96％、17．17％、8．98％。菌株5621的标记率远远低于上述两株菌，平均值在8小时内才30％左右；对硫磷在菌株中的结合态比率比较低，在菌株4307中平均值只有4％左右，在菌株4320中表现出时间变化，随时间的增长，结合态不断增加，由0．5小时到24小时的结合态比率分别为：6．19％、6．90％、12．25％、14．15％、26．94％、28．27％，菌株5621也表现出时间变化，但是增幅没有菌株4320明显；在降解方面，在菌株4307中，随着时间的推移，其母体对硫磷由开始时的100％，逐渐降到24小时的82．6％，降解物对氧磷，也由开始的0增长到后来的11．8％。在菌株4320中，可以明显的看出对硫磷的降解情况，在4个小时内，60％的母体就已经发生了降解，到了24小时，母体只剩下3．9％。菌株5621对对硫磷的降解情况也比较明显，24小时内母体就只剩下56．5％，原点未知物增加到32．8％。同时在实验中我们发现降解率、标记率这两个指标进行着同步变化。标记率越大，降解程度就越完全，并推测在这些海洋菌含有能降解对硫磷的胞内酶。     

沙坦联苯的合成工艺研究

综合分析沙坦联苯的各种合成工艺的利弊之后，确定以对溴甲苯和邻氯苯甲腈为原料一步催化合成。并对该工艺的反应配比、催化剂配比、反应温度、滴加速度进行了深入细致的研究，确定摩尔比邻氯苯甲腈：对溴甲苯：NiCl2·6H2O：PPh3：Zn=0．3：0．25：0．125：0．5：0．275可得到收率85％、含量99．0％以上产品。     

一起流行性肢痛症爆发的流行病学调查

目的了解学生流行性肢痛症爆发流行情况，探讨流行因素，提供预防办法。方法采用描述、分析流行病学方法。结果总罹患率为9．71％（154／1586），男生和女生罹患率分别为5．03％和14．18％（x2：37．83，P〈0．01）；寄宿生和走读生罹患率分别为12．97％和3．21％（x2=38．39，P〈0．01）；周学时小于50、50。印和大于60h的罹患率分别为8．44％、11．11％和9．16％（x2=1．73，P〉0．05）；每天运动时间大于60min、30～60min和小于30min的学生罹患率分别为8．05％、7．40％和11．32％（x2=6．36，P〈0．05）。结论本次流行性肢痛症爆发与气湍急剧变化有关，适当运动和保暖有助于预防发生。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that