断层传播褶皱在川西莲花山构造解释中的应用

断层传播褶皱是前陆盆地中发育的一种重要构造样武,往往出现在冲断构造带的前缘隐伏前锋带.断层传播褶皱、断层转折褶皱与滑脱褶皱共同构成了断层相关褶皱的三种基本类型,是重要的油气圈闭构造.通过对莲花山地区地震剖面的构造精细解释,结合野外剖面调查、钻井倾角测井资料分析,发现川西盆地南段莲花山构造为-发育在古隆起背景上的、具反转性质的断层传播褶皱.此褶皱走向为北东向,剖面上表现为北西翼缓、南东翼陡的不对称箱状背斜.     

中国西部中新生代沉积盆地变形构造形成与演化模式

重点讨论了中国西部中新生代大型沉积盆地变形构造的几何结构样式、形成与演化模式。由沉积盆地边缘到中心可划分为盆缘叠瓦逆冲断层带、盆内断层三角构造带、盆内冲起构造带和中央宽缓褶皱构造带四个变形构造带。从而首次建立起中国西部中新生代大型沉积盆地内变形构造形成与演化的褶推式四维变形模式。     

玛纳斯河流域地貌初步研究

玛纳斯河是天山北麓最大的一条河流,由于天山的隆升,在天山北麓形成了一系列的褶皱和断层,这一构造格局控制着玛纳斯河地貌的发育和演化.根据野外调查,玛纳斯河流域地貌由南向北横穿流域内的5个地貌带,即山地地貌带,山前褶皱低山丘陵带,串珠状冲积扇带,平原曲流带,玛纳斯河尾闾沙漠、湖泊带.同时玛纳斯河在不同地貌带塑造出了不同的河谷地貌.流域内新构造活动比较显著,表现为近东西向的活动褶皱与活动逆断裂,而且构造对地貌发育有明显控制作用,如山前褶皱丘陵形态为南翼缓,北翼陡,河流阶地发生拱曲和错断变形,冲积扇串珠状发育等.     

天山北麓玛纳斯河河流阶地变形与新构造运动

通过对玛纳斯河阶地的野外测量,研究了河流阶地的发育特征、拱曲变形和错断变形。阶地的变形特征表明山麓背斜带和玛纳斯背斜带一直在隆升,且隆起中心有向北迁移的趋势。阶地的错断状况表明断层F₂活动可以分为2个阶段,断层F₁的活动至少可以分为4个阶段。     

褶皱相关断裂构造及其地质意义

褶皱相关断裂是在褶皱变形过程中,为了调节褶皱不同部分的应变差异而形成的从属于褶皱变形的断裂构造,其中最重要的是背离向斜逆冲构造和指向背斜逆冲构造,褶皱枢纽楔入武逆冲作用是相对能干性岩层在褶皱转折端部位加厚的重要变形机制.通过手标本尺度和露头尺度褶皱相关断裂构造的定性分析,并结合前人已有的相关研究成果,提出了从断层与相关褶皱规模、断层发育部位与位移量变化特征、断层切层角变化特征以及断层与褶皱构造变形运动学配套关系等方面鉴别褶皱相关断裂构造的多种标志.褶皱相关断裂构造概念与构造模型,对于正确认识区域构造演化,合理进行收缩变形区域平衡地质剖面编制,以及探索褶皱、断裂构造演化过程,具有重要意义.     

龙门山南段前缘构造砂箱变形模拟实验

基于地球物理、测井资料设计构造砂箱变形模拟实验,再结合断层相关褶皱理论来研究龙门山南段前缘地区构造变形特征。单层硅胶层与无硅胶层实验模型对比表明单层硅胶层模型更吻合实际的地震剖面,硅胶层的存在使深部构造保存得更为完整,变形强度要弱于无硅胶层实验。通过实验结果,更为精准地解释了地震剖面,从地震剖面可以看出,从造山带向盆地横向上构造活动减弱;在盆地内,中三叠统雷口坡组厚层膏盐岩作为滑脱层,吸收了大量应力,影响了纵向上的构造变形,滑脱层之上的构造变形强于其之下的地层:褶皱隆起的幅度更强,断层更为发育但较难突破滑脱层向下发展。实验证明在滑脱层中,应力无法传播很远,断层只能被局限在一定的范围内发展。研究结果对于研究区变形特征以及深层构造特征研究有重要意义,对于该区深层特别是滑脱层之下油气勘探有一定的借鉴意义。     

柴达木盆地中新世中期以来构造的运动学模型

柴达木盆地是位于青藏高原内部的山间盆地,盆地新生代的变形受到两侧山体隆升的主导.通过贯穿盆地地震剖面的精细构造解释和分析,依据生长地层的结构,我们认为自中新世中期以来昆仑山前冲断楔体以平均4.7 mm/a的速度向盆地逆冲,导致盆地南斜坡向昆仑山方向仰冲;这为东昆仑山北麓出露的倾向北向南逆冲的多条断层和盆地南部向南逆冲的断层控制的断层相关褶皱作用所证实.盆地北部祁连山前冲断楔体向盆地方向逆冲,导致盆地北部向北逆冲的断层在地表形成北翼陡、南翼缓的断层相关褶皱背斜,向北逆冲的断层在盆地东部局部位置出露地表.昆仑山前冲断楔体和祁连山前冲断楔体的楔顶已经相向冲断至盆地中部,并造成第四系的变形.     

黑墩目标区的构造几何学分析

黑墩目标区是新疆三塘湖盆地的一个三级构造单元,在燕山晚期—喜山期遭受强烈挤压作用,地层变形强烈,构造复杂。搞清楚目标区的构造特征成为寻找油气的首要任务。通过运用断层相关褶皱理论及可视化计算机技术对目标区三维地震数据体的解释,客观地认识到断层转折褶皱、生长断层转折褶皱及复合型三角构造楔是黑墩目标区的主要构造样式。     

断陷盆地正反转构造实验模拟及对茅东断裂带的启示

通过分析茅东断裂带地质构造和历史地震特征,结合离散元模拟实验,分析了挤压应力下断陷盆地构造反转及断裂活动特征,探讨了茅东断裂带作为断陷盆地在现今区域应力场作用下反转构造特性及正断层反转控震机制.结果表明:(1)挤压应力下,断陷盆地发生构造反转,促使盆地中先存正断层再活化以及浅部地层褶皱变形,但盆地中先存断层总体仍保持正断形态;(2)构造反转过程中,应力应变汇聚易优先发生在基底断层面上,并逐渐向沉积地层中传播,最终在浅表触发构造形变;(3)茅东断裂带属于活动断裂群,以茅东断裂等控盆边界断裂(基底断裂)活动为主,沿着该类断裂,应力应变汇聚明显,具备中、大地震的发震构造条件;断陷内其他隐伏的次级先存断裂也存在活动可能性,且断块间地层在压扭应力场下存在应力应变汇聚,同样具备浅源小震的发震构造条件.     

反转构造进展与油气聚集关系

 反转构造主要指伸展盆地中地堑、半地堑系统遭受挤压变形所产生的压缩构造。它一般经历拉张断陷、稳定坳陷及挤压反转3个演化阶段,构造反转形成的各种褶皱背斜构造直接叠覆在生油断陷之上,生运储配置关系得天独厚,其复杂性及重要性值得深入研究。通过对与反转构造相关的大量文献的调研及对中非B走滑拉分盆地反转构造样式的研究,对反转构造概念的演变、类型的划分、识别、反转率的计算等方面研究进行了全面归纳和总结,并提出了反转构造研究中存在的问题。研究表明,反转构造类型的划分主要是以断层和褶皱对反转构造的影响和控制作为依据;鉴别反转构造应在区域构造事件、上下构造层褶皱变形特征、断层性质及活动历史等多方面分析基础上进行;利用挤压反转后的断裂和褶皱变形特征可以定性描述构造反转程度,划分为轻微反转、中等反转、强烈反转等,而反转率的计算能够比较好地定量描述反转的程度。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with