结构概率与非概率可靠度指标对应关系研究

针对目前在[-1,1]区间内,由非概率可靠度理论无法判断结构的安全与失效的问题,基于3σ截断法则,建立概率可靠度指标与非概率可靠度指标之间的对应关系。由《建筑结构可靠度设计统一标准》(GB-50068-2001)规定的结构可靠性指标计算临界非概率可靠性指标,提出了非概率可靠度指标处于[-1,1]区间内的一种由临界非概率可靠度指标确定结构可靠性的方法,并结合算例验证了该方法的有效性。研究结果表明:利用概率可靠度指标与非概率可靠度指标间的对应转换关系,由临界非概率可靠度指标可有效处理非概率可靠性指标处于[-1,1]区间内的结构可靠性问题,以更方便地评价结构的安全度。     

基于区间分析的结构系统非概率可靠性分析

当得不到足够的统计数据信息时，将结构的不确定参数描述为区间变量，结合区间变量的性质，定义一种结构非概率可靠性度量指标，并对结构系统非概率可靠性进行了深入的研究，在区间有限元基础上，提出了结构系统失效模式识别和体系非概率可靠性分析的一种有效途径。     

流体-结构相互作用中气动发散边界的区间分析方法

研究流体-结构相互作用问题中存在不确定性参数时的气动发散问题.使用区间变量描述不确定性参数,结合区间扩张理论和Taylor级数展开,提出了确定发散马赫数区间的非概率区间分析方法.该方法只需要知道不确定参数所在范围的界限,而不需要其他概率信息.以平板发散问题为例,将区间分析方法与概率方法的结果进行了比较,由非概率区间分析方法得到的发散马赫数区间比概率方法得到的要宽,由此可给出更为安全的设计信息,这表明区间分析方法是可行并有效的.     

区间模型下旋耕机刀轴的非概率可靠性分析

根据区间模型描述旋耕机刀轴的不确定参数,采用非概率可靠性理论对刀轴进行可靠性分析,以解决随机可靠性和模糊可靠性分析中对原始数据依赖性高的问题.结合非概率可靠性的原始定义,提出以结构失效域的上限与波动域的下限之间的最短距离对非概率可靠性进行度量.通过对刀轴2种设计方案的分析,证明该方法与非概率可靠性的原始定义分析结果的一致性.     

不确定初始缺陷加筋板后屈曲性能的区间分析

文章给出了计算求解具有不确定初始缺陷简支加筋板的后屈曲变形的一种计算方法,这种方法使用了冯卡门大挠度理论。并将描述初始缺陷的傅立叶系数视为有界变量,提出了计算后屈曲变形的区间方法。当初始缺陷统计数据较充分时,用概率统计法计算了一定可靠度下后屈曲变形的界限。最后,对两种方法的结果进行了比较,证明了区间方法的适用性。     

基于非概率方法的碾压混凝土重力坝可靠度计算

近年来,非概率计算方法正在被广泛应用于结构可靠度计算领域,因为该方法克服了传统方法需要较多的数据以及计算参数的概率分布等缺点.采用非概率可靠度计算方法,建立碾压混凝土重力坝和基岩的非概率可靠度指标的计算模型,并进一步探讨了基于非概率的重力坝抗滑稳定失效模式及其非概率可靠度指标.结合某碾压混凝土重力坝工程,给出了实例计算分析结果,其分析结果对非概率可靠度方法用于碾压混凝土重力坝安全评估具有一定的参考价值.     

时变可靠性的区间PHI2分析方法

时变可靠性问题中存在大量不确定性参数,对其进行不确定建模及时变可靠性分析具有重要的工程意义.传统方法评估承受随机载荷作用的结构可靠性时,通常假定强度、刚度、阻尼等随机变量的分布参数是确定的,但是实际工程中很多情况难以给出分布参数的精确值.本文针对分布参数为区间的一类随机不确定性问题,提出了一种求解时变可靠性的区间PHI2方法(简称I-PHI2),可获得结构在设计周期内的时变可靠性区间.首先,针对分布参数为区间的不确定性问题建立时变可靠性分析模型;其次,采用区间分析方法确定随机变量和随机过程的区间分布参数,同时对其进行标准化处理;再次,推导了含区间参数的跨越率解析表达式,获得了跨越率的上下边界;最后,采用传统的时不变可靠性工具一次二阶矩方法进行求解,获得了结构时变可靠度指标和失效概率的区间.通过两个数值算例验证了I-PHI2方法的有效性.     

压力管道应力强度非概率可靠性分析

对压力管道进行应力强度分析时不确定参数的分布函数较难获取。为弥补数据的不确定信息,首先,运用非概率可靠性方法计算压力管道一次应力与二次应力的非概率可靠性,其次,通过调整功能函数与不确定参数的位置关系进一步研究区间可靠性与凸模可靠性的计算特点。压力管道应力强度计算结果表明:凸模可靠性较区间可靠性,在非概率可靠性计算区间扩张方面更有优势,而且可以根据工程实际问题作出灵活响应。区间可靠性较凸模可靠性更为保守,在数据不足的情况下,区间可靠性可保证安全。     

铆接钢桥剩余寿命与使用安全评估实例

将确定性与概率性评估方法应用于上海市浙江路桥剩余寿命安全评估．基于Monte-Carb法实NT应力谱模拟．按Miner准则估算了构件检测优先级．采用简化断裂力学模型计算了剩余寿命与探测间隔．在合理确定随机变量参数取值和目标可靠度基础上，应用Monte-Carlo法实NT桥构件和结构系统疲劳可靠度计算，并确定了概率性探测间隔．评估结果表明，结构系统疲劳可靠度、探测间隔要比单个构件的低．确定性与概率性评估结果为该桥维护决策提供了依据．     

含不确定参数的复合材料层合板屈曲的两种非概率方法

采用两种非概率方法：区间分析方法和凸模型方法,求解了含有不确定参数的复合材料层合板屈曲临界载荷的上下界。用有限元方法对层合板屈曲进行建模,并且得到了临界屈曲载荷对不确定参数的灵敏度。区间分析方法和凸模型方法的不同点在于它们采用不同的集合对不确定参数的分散性进行描述,前者采取超长方体而后者采取超椭球,通过3个数值算例,分别采用区间分析和凸模型求出了复合材料层合板的临界屈曲载荷的上下界。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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