基于四方向全变分的图像去噪模型

构造了一个四方向全变分（TV4）模型,并给出了求解模型的不动点方法.该模型采用每个像素点的梯度的向前、向后差分定义梯度模,能有效降低全变分（TV）模型的非线性程度.实验结果表明, TV4模型在一定程度上减少了TV模型的阶梯效应,且收敛速度比TV模型快.     

基于四方向全变分的图像去噪模型

构造了一个四方向全变分（TV4）模型,并给出了求解模型的不动点方法.该模型采用每个像素点的梯度的向前、向后差分定义梯度模,能有效降低全变分（TV）模型的非线性程度.实验结果表明, TV4模型在一定程度上减少了TV模型的阶梯效应,且收敛速度比TV模型快.     

基于边缘定向增强扩散模型的图像去噪

针对基于全变分(TV)的图像去噪模型,恢复图像存在阶梯现象(staircase)的缺点,提出了一个新的图像恢复的变分模型.定义了一个新的包含图像的边缘位置和方向信息的能量泛函,使得沿图像边缘的切线方向具有较强的平滑能力,而法线方向平滑较弱,可以较好的定位边缘.并且该模型能增强阶跃性边缘,防止因平滑造成的边缘模糊现象.试验结果表明:该模型可以部分的解决基于TV的变分模型中出现的阶梯现象,并且具有较好的去噪效果,而且它还能增强图像边缘并保持边缘的位置,其峰值信噪比(PSNR)在高噪声水平下,较其它方法提高大约1.0dB左右.     

基于全变分模型的新型数值实现算法

基于经典全变分(TV)模型的图像恢复框架,从局部扩散的角度,设计了一种新的应用于图像去噪的数值算法.该算法可以根据图像的局部梯度信息自适应地选取扩散系数,使边缘处扩散较弱,在平坦区域扩散较强,实现了对噪声图像的各向异性滤波处理,在去除噪声的同时保护了图像的边缘细节.最后与传统TV模型进行了实验对比,实验表明本算法性能更好,运算效率更高.     

基于偏微分方程的图像修复算法

针对TV模型修复算法只沿梯度垂直方向扩散,容易在平滑区域引入阶梯效应,迭代效率低,易产生假边缘的缺点,分析比较了TV图像修复模型的性能,提出了一种改进的图像修复算法。该算法同时结合了各向同性和各向异性扩散,利用区域频率差异实现了在不同的区域使用不同的迭代方程,有效避免了原始算法引入的阶梯效应,提高了迭代效率。实验结果表明,该算法与TV模型算法相比,在具有同样修复效果的前提下,避免了阶梯效应并优于TV模型的修复速度。     

一种保持边缘线的图像修补技术

图像修补是对图像损毁区域进行适当修补以满足人眼视觉要求的一种技术.对于边缘清晰的图像,大部分基于偏微分方程修补模型的修复结果可能会造成边缘的模糊扩散或产生锯齿.为此,提出一种基于拟合和插值的边缘保持方法,通过对边缘线预测保持后再用TV修复模型进行修补.该算法实现速度快,实验证明对边缘的修复效果较好.     

基于Prewitt算子的TV图像去噪算法

分析了传统TV算法抑噪不充分的原因,为了弥补其不足结合图像空间和像素梯度提出了一种改进算法.该算法首先运用Prewitt边缘检测算子分析图像空间梯度,并对空间梯度进行抑制,一定程度上克服了传统TV算法对平坦区抑噪不充分,甚至出现虚假边缘和阶梯效应的缺陷;再结合像素梯度分析了TV去噪的迭代函数完成保边去噪.与传统算法相比,该文算法残余噪声较小且边缘保护较好,提高了图像的PSNR和视觉效果.但对图像较小纹理误作为噪声而去除.     

基于高阶交叠组稀疏正则项的图像恢复方法

为进一步提高交叠组稀疏全变分模型的图像恢复效果,通过在现有模型的基础上结合图像的二阶梯度信息,增加二阶梯度正则项的方法对交叠组稀疏正则项进行改进,研究了基于高阶交叠组稀疏正则项的模型建立和算法以及在图像恢复中的效果及各参数的影响。结果表明：在一定水平噪声标准差的情况下,应用该方法对图像进行恢复时,基本上均可获得比其他模型更好的恢复效果。可见在交叠组稀疏全变分模型中考虑二阶梯度信息有助于提高图像的恢复性能。     

全变分极小与二阶泛函的组合图像恢复模型(英)

通过组合全变分极小泛函与一个二阶泛函得到了新的变分模型，用于图像恢复. 相应的负梯度流是一个四阶偏微分方程.此组合模型兼有TV模型和二阶泛函的长处，能够在保持轮廓的同时避免光滑区域出现“块状“效应.数值实验用的是包含轮廓，平坦区域和光滑区域的图像，实验结果说明了此模型的优越性.     

图像修复的方向梯度TV模型研究

基于PDE(Partial Differential Equation)的图像修复因其所具有的局部自适应特性、形式上的规范性和模型建立的灵活性而受到关注,而如何在有效的进行修复受损图像的同时很好的保留图像的细节信息成为图像修复所追求的目标.本文首先对TV(total variation)模型进行了分析和讨论,针对TV模型在图像修复时会对图像过度平滑、容易丢失细节信息等问题提出了一种改进模型,该模型通过对非线性扩散项引入方向梯度和边缘引导函数,自适应的调整了模型在图像边缘和区域信息丰富区域的平滑力度;通过计算每一次迭代时待修复点33邻域内的各向灰度差分,确定最小灰度差分的方向,从而确定了该点邻域内的图像纹理走向.本文模型克服了TV模型的弱点,在有效进行破损图像修复的同时,很好的保持了边缘和纹理细节信息.通过峰值信噪比和归一化均方误差的统计结果验证了所提模型的稳定性和有效性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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