Trans-4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid (ferulic acid) inhibits the effect of androgens on the rat prostate

Summary Trans-4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid (ferulic acid, FA) antagonized the effect of exogenous androgens on the ventral prostate (VP) in castrated rats as well as the effect of endogenous androgens in intact rats. FA, however, had no effect on the seminal vesicles (SV) and levator ani muscle (LAM), nor oestrogenic effect in female rats and mice. FA did not antagonize the receptor binding of testosterone nor inhibit the conversion of testosterone into 5-dihydrotestosterone (DHT).Supported in part by the project fund (grant 53-403) of Kawasaki Medical School.The authors would like to thank the Central Laboratory, Sankyo Pharmaceutical Co., Tokyo, for supplying 19-nortestosterone-17-ferulate.     

Hypocholesterolemic effect of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid

Zusammenfassung Bei Fütterung mit 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarsäure (HMG) wurde eine bedeutende Senkung des Serum-Cholesterinspiegels sowohl in normalen, als auch in hypercholesterin-ämischen Ratten beobachtet. Bei gleichzeitiger Verabreichung von HMG und Cholesterol blieb die erwartete Zunahme beim Serumcholesterin aus und gleichzeitig wurde eine Abnahme des Cholesterinspiegels festgestellt.     

Effect of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid on hypercholesterolemic liver

Zusammenfassung Fütterung mit 3-hydroxy-3-Methylglutarsäure (HMG) führt bei hypercholesterin-ämischen Ratten zu einer bedeutenden Senkung des Leber-Cholesterinspiegels. Gleichzeitige Verabreichung von HMG und Cholesterol oder von Cholesterol allein ergab eine geringe Zunahme des Cholesterolspiegels im ersten Fall. Die histopathologische Leberuntersuchung zeigte, dass HMG-Behandlung eine schnelle Normalisierung der Fettveränderungen verursachte, ohne dass toxische Wirkung auf die Zellgewebe auftrat.     

Effect of the type of diet on the distribution of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase in rat small intestine

Summary The jejunoileal gradient for the HMG-CoA reductase activity in the microsomal fraction of the epithelial cells of the small intestine of rats given commercial pellets was reserved within a few days after changing the ration to a semipurified diet. The response of the reductase was essentially the same in villus and crypt cells.     

Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) reduces the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase in rat liver microsomes

The effect of dried oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) on cholesterol (C) content in serum, in lipoproteins and in liver, and on the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase in liver microsomes, was studied in male rats (strain Wistar, initial body weight 75 g) fed on low-cholesterol (9 mg/100 g) and high-cholesterol (0.3%) diets. Addition of 5% oyster mushroom to both diets reduced significantly the C-content in serum (by 30%), in very-low- and low-density lipoproteins (in a 11 ratio to the decrease of total serum C) and in liver (by 50%), as well as the activity of HMG-CoA reductase (by more than 30%).     

Ethyl 6,7-bis(cyclopropylmethoxy)-4-hydroxy-3-quinolinecarboxylate,a potent anticoccidial agent

Zusammenfassung Synthese und Wirkung gengen Coccidia des 6,7-bis(Cyclopropylmethoxy)-4-hydroxy-chinolin-3-carbonsäureäthylesters werden beschrieben.     

Australian goats detoxify the goitrogen 3-hydroxy-4(1H) pyridone (DHP) after rumen infusion from an indonesian goat

Summary The failure of Australian goats fedLeucaena leucocephala (leucaena) to degrade 3-hydroxy-4(1H) pyridone (DHP), the goitrogenic metabolite of mimosine, was overcome when they were infused with rumen fluid from an Indonesían goat. The leucaena toxicity problem in Australia may well be solved by transfer of specific bacteria capable of degrading DHP anaerobically.We acknowkledge the assistance of R.G. Megarrity in preparation of the goats in Australia and R. Dixon and staff at the CSIRO Lansdown Research Station for preparation of the feed. In Balai Penelitian Ternak; G. Riding, and Suwandi for the metabolism study facilities, Riad the feeding, Miss Leanne Rochanda sample preparation and Mrs M. Young for veterinary assistance. Analyses were carried out by R. Lowe, Jernih Rosida and Wildan.     

Australian goats detoxify the goitrogen 3-hydroxy-4(1H) pyridone (DHP) after rumen infusion from an Indonesian goat

The failure of Australian goats fed Leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) to degrade 3-hydroxy-4(1H) pyridone (DHP), the goitrogenic metabolite of mimosine, was overcome when they were infused with rumen fluid from an Indonesian goat. The leucaena toxicity problem in Australia may well be solved by transfer of specific bacteria capable of degrading DHP anaerobically.     

The effect of alkylation on the antimicrobial activities of 7-hydroxy- and 4-hydroxycoumarins

Zusammenfassung Es wird der Einfluss einer Alkylierung auf die antimikrobielle Wirkung von 7-Hydroxy- und 4-Hydroxy-Cumarin dargestellt.     

Effect of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid on blood lipids in normal and cholesterol-fed rats

Zusammenfassung Intraperitonale Verabreichung von 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutarsäure setzt bei normalen Ratten den Serumspiegel von Cholesterin, Cholesterinestern, Esterfettsäuren und Triglyceriden signifikant herab. Bei einer cholesterinreichen Diät werden die Konzentrationen von Cholesterin und seinen Estern, bei hyperlipämischen Tieren die des Cholesterins im Serum nicht herabgesetzt. Die übrigen Lipidfraktionen verhalten sich wie im ersten Versuch.     

The generation of the superoxide radical by 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6,7-dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridine (DMPH4)

Zusammenfassung Es werden neue Befunde beigebracht, die für die Bildung von Superoxyd-Radikal durch DMPH₄, ein biologisch wichtiges Pterinderivat, sprechen.

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This work was supported by the Clinical Research Center for Parkinsons and Allied Diseases and USPHS Grant No. NS-05184.     

Formation of 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-2,trans-4,trans-heptadienoic acid from 3-methylcatechol by aPseudomonas

Riassunto Ps. desmolyticum ossida la 3-metilpirocatechina ad acido 2-ossi-6-oxo-2,trans-4,trans-eptadienoico. Vengono descritte le proprietà chimicofisiche che hanno condotto all'identificazione di questo intermedio metabolico.

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This work was supported by C.N.R. (Consiglio nazionale delle Ricerche).     

Central effect of 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (arachidonic acid) on the temperature in the conscious rabbit

Summary Hyperthermia induced by arachidonic acid in rabbit was attenuated by phenoxybenzamine, cyproheptadine and indomethacin. The reduction in arachidonic acid hyperthermia, after 6-OH-DA and the failure of PCPA to reduce this rise, indicates the involvement of noradrenaline in arachidonic acid hyperthermia.     

Central effect of 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (arachidonic acid) on the temperature in the conscious rabbit

Hyperthermia induced by arachidonic acid in rabbit was attenuated by phenoxybenzamine, cyproheptadine and indomethacin. The reduction in arachidonic acid hyperthermia, after 6-OH-DA and the failure of PCPA to reduce this rise, indicates the involvement of noradrenaline in arachidonic acid hyperthermia.     

Somatostatin inhibits the mitogenic effect of thyroliberin.

The effect of somatostatin and of thyroliberin on the mitotic incidence in the organ-cultured anterior pituitary lobe of the rat was investigated, using the colchicine metaphase-arrest technique. It was found that somatostatin added to the culture medium, together with thyroliberin, blocked the mitogenic effect of the latter.     

Uptake of3H-GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) and3H-leucine in the pancreatic islets and substantia nigra of the rat

Summary Isolated pancreatic islets and thin slices of substantia nigra (SN) of the rat were incubated in a medium containing³H-GABA or³H-leucine to test the activity of both tissues in the uptake of those substances. Pancreatic islets showed a low uptake of both³H-GABA and³H-leucine, but SN had a high activity in the uptake of³H-GABA, though not for³H-leucine. This suggests that GABA contained at high levels in the pancreatic islets plays some functional role other than in neurotransmission as in the central nervous system (CNS).     

Distribution of 4-iodine-antipyrine (I131) in the rat

Resumen La determinación de agua total y de agua tisular se efectuo por medio de la dilución de 4-yodo-antipirina (I¹³¹) en la rata. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la distribución regional del indicador no es similar a la del agua, aunque el volumen de agua total encontrado se aproxima a los valores medios normales. Esta distribución del indicador en los tejidos no hace aconsejable la utilización de este indicador para la medición del volumen de agua total o regional.