Expression of biologically active human clotting factor Ⅸ(hFⅨ) in the mammary gland of transgenic mice

The DNA of human factor Ⅸ (hFⅨ) gene vector pMCⅨm, which had been proven to be able to express in in vitro and living cells, was introduced into 586 zygotes of Kunming White Mice by positive pressure microinjection technique with manual operation. The 499 survival embryos after microinjection were then transferred into pseudopregnant recipient mice and 216 F 0 pups were born. The analysis of PCR and Southern blot hybridization showed that, of the 216, 6 (2 females and 4 males) were integrated with foreign DNA in their genomes, giving an integration frequency of 3% (6/216). Two F\-0 female transgenic mice could express hFⅨ protein in their milk and the content was over 100 ng/mL as measured with ELISA. The biological activities of hFⅨ in the milk of two F\-0 mice were 44 67% and 79 43%, respectively.     

Expression of human clotting factor Ⅸ mediated by recom- binant lentiviral vector in cultured cells and hemophilia B mice

To explore the expression of human clotting factor Ⅸ (hFⅨ) cDNA in vitro and the feasibility of gene therapy for hemophilia B mice mediated by recombinant lentiviral vector, a recombinant hFⅨ lentiviral vector driven by ubiquitin-C promoter, FUXW, and by ABP liver specific promoter, FAXW, was constructed respectively. Recombinant lentivirus was harvested from 293T cells by calcium phosphate-mediated transient cotransfection of three plasmids (transgene vector, CMV腞8.2, VSV-G). hFⅨ expression was detected in supernatant of 293T, BHK and L-02 cells infected with FUXW virus, whereas higher expression of hFⅨ levels (630 ng/106 cells/48 h) was detected only in L-02 cells infected with FAXW virus. Serum hFⅨ antigen was detected in all hemophilia B mice treated with FAXW virus by tail vein injection, an efficiency level of hFⅨ was observed (45 ng/mL, approximately 1% of normal human levels), the expression lasted for more than 60 d. The results indicated that HIV-based lentiviral vectors offer a promising approach to the gene therapy of hemophilia B.     

Preparation of a recombinant adeno-associated viral vector with a mutation of human factor Ⅸ in large scale and its expression in vitro and in vivo

A series of adeno-associated viral vectors containing a mutation of human factor Ⅸ (hFⅨR338A) with different regulation elements were constructed and used to transduce cell lines. The plasmids and the stable transduction cell clones with high expression level of hFⅨR338A were obtained by selecting and optimizing, and then, the recombinant adeno-associated viral vector with hFⅨR338A was prepared via novel rHSV/AAV hybrid virus packaging system on a large scale, which contained the capsid protein genes. A method for producing rAAV-hFⅨR338A viral stocks on a large scale and higher titer was established, which can be used for industrial purpose. The titer of rAAV-hFⅨR338A was more than 1.25×10¹² particle/mL, and then, a mammalian cell line, C2C12 and the factor Ⅸ knock-out mice were transfected with the rAAV-hFⅨR338A in vitro and in vivo. The results show that the high-level expression of rAAV-hFⅨR338A was achieved in cell line and hemophilia B mice. It reached at (2551.32±92.14) ng·(10⁶ cells)^-1·(24 h)^-1 in C2C12 cell in vitro and had a peak concentration of 463.28 ng/mL in mice treated with rAAV-hFⅨR338A, which was as high as the expression of rAAV-hFⅨ-wt (2565.76±64.36) ng·(10⁶ cells)^-1·(24 h)^-1 in C2C12 and 453.92 ng/mL in the mice treated with rAAV-hFⅨ-wt) in vitro and in vivo, there is no any difference between two groups, but the clotting activity of hFⅨR338A is about 2.46 times higher than that of hFⅨ-wt. It was first reported that a mutation of human factor Ⅸ was used into gene therapy research for hemophilia B, meanwhile, a novel packaging system, rAAV/HSV was used for preparation of rAAV-hFⅨR338A on a large scale, which laid the foundation of industrial production for applying rAAV viral stocks to gene therapy clinical trial for hemophilia B mediated with rAAV-hFⅨ.     

Preparation of rAAV/hFⅨ by HSV/AAV hybrid helper virusand evaluation of its safety

Hemophilia B is a hemorrhagic disease resulting from Factor Ⅸ gene (hFⅨ) mutation as an X-linked recessive inherited trait. The incidence of this disease is 1 in 30000. Clinical treatments depend mainly upon blood transfusions or administration of prothrombin complex so that patients are at the risk of infections with the HIV and hepatitis viruses. Gene therapy offers an attractive alternative in the treatment of hemophilia B by eliminating those risks. In 1991, our lab conducted clinica…     

Expression of reconstructive hFⅧ in the hrDNA by using hrDNA targeting vector

Our lab has constructed a new nonviral vector-hrDNA targeting vector（pHrneo）, pHrneo is a human derived vector that can target gene into human ribosomal DNA（hrDNA） locus. In this study, we inserted expression cassette of reconstructive hF Ⅷ （hFⅧ-BDDAK39） to pHrneo to construct targeting vector： pHrneo-BDDAK39. Through electroporation of pHrneo-BDDAK39 into HT1080 cells, we identified the homologous recombinants by PCR and Southen blotting, and tested the expression of hFⅧ- BDDAK39 in the hrDNA locus. The hFⅧ-BDDAK39 was successfully targeted into hrDNA locus of HT-1080 by pHrneo-BDDAK39, and the efficiency of site-specific integration was 2.0×10^-5. hFⅧ-BDDAK39 in hrDNA locus of HT-1080 is found to be able to express efficiently （32±5 ng·10^6 cells^-1 .24 h^-1）. Targeting vector pHrneo-BDDAK39 can find use in gene therapy for hemophilia.     

Specific anti-tumor effect induced by attenuated <Emphasis Type="Italic">Salmonella typhimurium</Emphasis> vaccine expressing extracellular region of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2

The purposes of this research were to study the stable expression of exogenous gene encoding therapeutic protein in attenuated Salmonella typhimurium, observe the metabolism of oral gene vaccine carried by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium in BALB/c mouse, and investigate the feasibility of prevention and treatment of tumors by the recombinant bacteria. Recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1＋ VEGFR2（n1-7） was transformed into competent attenuated Salmonella typhimuriurn SL3261 to develop oral DNA vaccine SL3261-pcDNA3.1＋VEGFR2（n1-7）. To observe whether the exogenous gene can be expressed in the recombinant bacteria, PCR was performed to amplify the CMV promoter of the eukaryotic expression vector as the proof of stable expression of exogenous protein; transmission elec- tron microscopy （TEM） was applied to observe the morphology of the recombinant bacteria to confirm that the exogenous gene has no impact on the growth of the bacteria, and then BALB/c mice were immunized with the gene vaccine. After inoculation of the gene vaccine, the recombinant bacteria SL3261 could be detected in the tissues such as small intestine, colon, liver and spleen. And then, mice in each group were challenged with tumor cells. The results of animal experiment showed that tumor growth of the mice in experimental group was inhibited and survival time of immunized mice was prolonged compared with control groups. A higher lymphocyte infiltration in tumors from animals treated with DNA vaccine was observed. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor samples revealed an enhanced accumulation of CD8^＋ cytotoxic T lymphocytes, as well as an increase in CD4^＋ cells in the tumore of animals treated with the oral gene vaccine compared to tumors from control group mice. UI- trestructure of the tumor tissue showed that tumor cells in the samples of the immunized mice were well-differentiated. Our research confirmed that the exogenous gene can be stably expressed in the attenuated Salmonella typhimurium and has no impact on the growth of the r     

Specific targeted killing of ErbB2 positive breast cancer by retro virus-mediated Immunocaspase-3 secreting T cells

In this study, lmmunocaspase-3 gene was transfected into Jurkat T lymphocytes and the targeted proapoptotic protein Immunocaspase-3 was stably secreted.Its entry to ErbB2 positive SKBr3 breast carcinoma cell line was observed by indirect immunofluorescence staining.Growth of SKBr3 cells was significantly inhibited when they were cultured with medium containing Immunocaspase-3.Next, lmmunocaspase-3 gene was cloned into retrovirus vector pLNCX, which was then transfected into PA317 cells to package. Packaged cells producing high titer pseudoviruses were acquired and the pseudoviruses were harvested to infect PBMCs, which had been stimulated to division. The latter were selected and administered to nude mice bearing SKBr3 tumors through tail vein. The results showed that the treatment contributed to an inhibition of tumor growth and prolonged the lifetime of nude mice bearing SKBr3 tumor.The efficiency of inhibition of tumor reached 73.25%, and the average lifetime of treated nude mice was 80.95% longerthan that of control group. Immunohistochemical examination revealed the exclusive distribution of Immunocaspase-3 proteins only in the tumor tissue samples; and TUNEL assay confirmed the occurrence of apoptosis in tumor calls. Thepresent study suggests that Immunocaspase-3 secreted by T lymphocytes can selectively bind and enter into ErbB2 positive breast cancer cells, where it exhibits a proapoptotic activity and causes tumor suppression in an in vivo tumor model.     

Specific anti-tumor effect induced by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium vaccine expressing extracellular region of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2

The purposes of this research were to study the stable expression of exogenous gene encoding therapeutic protein in attenuated Salmonella typhimurium, observe the metabolism of oral gene vaccine carried by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium in BALB/c mouse, and investigate the feasibility of prevention and treatment of tumors by the recombinant bacteria. Recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1 VEGFR2(n1-7) was transformed into competent attenuated Salmonella typhimurium SL3261 to develop oral DNA vaccine SL3261-pcDNA3.1 VEGFR2(n1-7). To observe whether the exogenous gene can be expressed in the recombinant bacteria, PCR was performed to amplify the CMV promoter of the eukaryotic expression vector as the proof of stable expression of exogenous protein; transmission elec- tron microscopy (TEM) was applied to observe the morphology of the recombinant bacteria to confirm that the exogenous gene has no impact on the growth of the bacteria, and then BALB/c mice were immunized with the gene vaccine. After inoculation of the gene vaccine, the recombinant bacteria SL3261 could be detected in the tissues such as small intestine, colon, liver and spleen. And then, mice in each group were challenged with tumor cells. The results of animal experiment showed that tumor growth of the mice in experimental group was inhibited and survival time of immunized mice was prolonged compared with control groups. A higher lymphocyte infiltration in tumors from animals treated with DNA vaccine was observed. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor samples revealed an en- hanced accumulation of CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes, as well as an increase in CD4 cells in the tumors of animals treated with the oral gene vaccine compared to tumors from control group mice. Ultrastructure of the tumor tissue showed that tumor cells in the samples of the immunized mice were well-differentiated. Our research confirmed that the exogenous gene can be stably expressed in the attenuated Salmonella typhimurium and has no impact on the growth of the recombinant bacteria; the exogenous gene can de delivered to the host by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium to produce anti-tumor effect with no obvious cytotoxity to the host. In this study, it is established that attenuated Salmonella typhimurium could be used as a vector for oral gene vaccine, and our study provided a theoretical basis for the body distribution and the metabolism of the recombinant bacteria. This strategy may provide a simple, safe and effective way for the prevention and treatment of tumors.     

Efficient expression of human factor Ⅸ cDNA in liver mediated by hydrodynamics-based plasmid administration

Hydrodynamics-based administration via tail vein was used to deliver naked plasmid with human factor IX (hFIX) cDNA in 2.2 mL Ringer‘s solution into mice within 7 s. The peak level of expression of hFIX was 2921 ng/mL in mouse plasma. The hFIX cDNA expression increased with increasing the amount of plasmid DNA injected. The peak level of gene expression declined after repeated injection of plasmid (1459 ng/mL). The hFIX cDNA was detected in various organs, but the highest level of gene expression appeared in liver. Transaminase levels and liver histologicalresults showed that rapid intravenous plasmid injection into mice induced transient focal acute liver damage, which was rapidly repaired within 3--10 d. These results suggested that high-level expression of hFIX cDNA can be achieved by hydrodynamics-based plasmid transfer and this method is nowfurther used for gene therapy and gene function study in our lab.     

Germ cell transplantation in infertility mouse

This work investigated the spermatogenesis in an infertility BALB/c-nu mouse model by reinfusing germline stem cells into seminiferous tubules. Donor germ cells were isolated from male FVB/NJ-GFP trensgenic mice. Seminiferous tubule microinjection was applied to achieve intratubular germ cell transfer. The germ cells were injected into exposed testes of the infertility mice. We used green fluorescence and DNA analysis of donor cells from GFP transgenic mice as genetic marker. The natural mating and Southern blot methods were applied to analyze the effect of sperm cell transplantation and the sperm function after seminiferous tubule microinjection. The spermatogenesis was morphologically observed from the seminiferous tubules in 41/60 （68.33%） of the injected recipient mice using allogeneic donor cells. In the colonized testes, matured spermatozoa were seen in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules. In this research, BALB/c-nu infertility mouse model, the recipient animal, was used to avoid immunological rejection of donor cells, and germ cell transplantation was applied to overcome infertility caused by busulfan treatment. These results demonstrate that this technique of germ cell transplantation is of great use. Germ cell transplantation could be potentially valuable to oncological patients.     

Novel rAAV production system with low contamination of helper virus

The Cre-loxP system was introduced in the production of recombinant AAV(rAAV).Defective adenovirus AdLC was used as the helper virus.While doing the mass production of recombinant AAV carrying FGFP or human clotting factor Ⅸ（hFⅨ)gene,the generation of helper virus was significantly limited,it increased the simplicity of rAAV purification.The results from in vivo study demonstrated the superiority of this method.This system provides a novel approach for the application of rAAV system in gene therapy.     

Expression of biologically active human clotting factor IX (hF IX) in the mammary gland of transgenic mice

The DNA of human factor IX (hF IX) gene vector pMC IX m, which had been proven to be able to express inin vitro and living cells, was introduced into 586 zygotes of Kunming Whlte Mice by positive pressure microinjection technique with manual operation. The 499 survival embryos after microinjection were then transferred into pseudopregnant recipient mice and 216 F, pups were born. The analysis of PCR and Southern blot hybridization showed that, of the 216, 6 (2 females and 4 males) were integrated with foreign DNA in their genornes, giving an integration frequency of 3% (6/216). Two F₀ female transgenic mice could express hF IX protein in their milk and the content was over 100 ng/mL as measured with ELISA. The biological activities of hF IV in the milk of two F₀ mike were 44.67 % and 79.43 %, respectively.     

小鼠造血干细胞的分离、培养及重组慢病毒载体介导的离体hFⅨ基因表达

造血干细胞是基因治疗理想的靶细胞之一,尤其适用于遗传性血液病.而重组慢病毒载体能高效感染造血干细胞,成为造血干细胞途径基因治疗的理想载体.从小鼠骨髓细胞中分离出单个核细胞(MNCs)进行体外悬浮培养,并用免疫磁珠法分离得到高纯度的小鼠Lin-CD117+造血干细胞(HSCs).体外悬浮培养期间,添加细胞因子的造血干细胞的细胞数和集落数逐渐增加,而未添加细胞因子的对照组的细胞数量无明显增加,细胞集落递减.用磷酸钙介导的共转染法制备了携带FⅨ基因的FUXW重组慢病毒,用慢病毒载体分别感染从ICR小鼠和C57小鼠中分离得到的MNCs,7d后测得细胞上清中hFⅨ的表达量分别为41.7±4.2和34.5±6.6ng/mL,而慢病毒感染C57小鼠造血干细胞,添加细胞因子组上清中hFⅨ的表达量为46.6±5.7ng/mL,不添加细胞因子组为33.3±4.8ng/mL.实验结果表明,重组FUXW慢病毒载体可有效感染小鼠单个核细胞和Lin-CD117+造血干细胞,添加细胞因子可提高转移基因的表达量.     

携带p53基因重组腺病毒载体的构建

将pCMVp53重组转移载体经BamHI和NheI酶切,得到p53基因cDNA,然后将cDNA片段克隆到转移载体pCMV5GFP,使其受CMV5启动子的调控,获得pCMV5p53重组转移载体.用该线状重组转移载体与腺病毒右臂DNA经磷酸钙共转染293细胞获得重组腺病毒,经酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定p53蛋白含量,证明外源p53基因在含重组腺病毒的293细胞中得到表达.     

VMP1基因的克隆及其抗体的制备与鉴定

为了得到效价高、特异性强、能用于检测内源性VMP1蛋白的抗体，采用RT-PCR法，从L929细胞株中克隆鼠VMP1基因，重组入pCMVS载体，用PCR扩增与其氨基酸132-239区域对应的DNA片断，将该片段连接到原核表达载体pGST parallel中，在大肠杆菌BL21菌株中大量表达，经谷胱甘肽-琼脂糖树脂纯化后，得到高纯度的VMP1抗原．免疫新西兰兔，获得抗VMP1蛋白的兔抗血清，将血清纯化后即得到抗VMP1的多克隆抗体．用Western blot分析手段检测了该抗体的特异性及效价．在用该抗体检测外源性和内源性VMP1蛋白的试验中，证实该抗体效价高，特异性强，效果很理想．此方法可用于获得大量廉价的抗VMP1蛋白的高滴度和高特异性的抗体，为进一步研究VMP1在细胞内，尤其是在信号转导通路中的功能和作用奠定了基础．     

乌江网箱养殖丁(魚歲)细菌的分离与分子鉴定

利用微生物学常用的细菌分离、纯化方法从丁(魚歲)中分离出9株菌株,编号分别为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ、Ⅸ.分别扩增出9株菌株的16S rRNA基因约600 bp的片段,并对其测序,将测序结果输入到NCBI(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)中,用BLAST工具对序列进行同源性比对分析,并利用MEGA4绘制系统进化树,结果表明:9株菌株的16S rRNA基因测序结果分别与不动杆菌(Acinetobacter)、嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophi-la)、希瓦氏菌(Shewanella baltica)、不动杆菌(Acinetobacter)、希瓦氏菌(Shewanella baltica)、霍乱弧菌(Vibriocholerae)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)、杀鲑气单胞菌(Aeromonas salmonicida)、肺炎克雷伯氏菌(Klebsiellapneumoniae)的16S rRNA基因的核苷酸序列同源,同源性分别为96%,99%,99%,97%,98%,98%,99%,98%,98%.9株菌株的系统进化树明显分为3支,Ⅰ和Ⅳ聚为一支,Ⅶ独聚一支,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅷ、Ⅸ聚为一支,其中Ⅱ和Ⅷ相聚,Ⅲ和Ⅴ相聚后再与Ⅵ相聚,最后与Ⅸ相聚.     

纤细薯蓣皂苷衍生物及其抗肿瘤活性研究

基于纤细薯蓣皂苷母体结构,通过水解和酯化反应制备了11个纤细薯蓣皂苷衍生物,通过波谱学方法(NMR、MS)确证了其化学结构,其中化合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅸ、Ⅺ均为新化合物.采用改良MTT法对衍生物进行了体外抗肿瘤活性试验,结果显示,纤细薯蓣皂苷衍生物对人慢性骨髓性白血病细胞K562、人肝癌细胞HepG-2均表现出一定的抗肿瘤活性,一些化合物表现出优于纤细薯蓣皂苷元的抗肿瘤活性,其中的化合物Ⅸ、Ⅺ表现出明显的抗肿瘤活性趋势,尤其化合物Ⅸ,对2种肿瘤细胞的IC50值分别为3.66 μg/mL和21.47 μg/mL;而且发现糖基部分糖的数量影响化合物抑制肿瘤细胞的活性.     

人突变型CDK2(F80A)稳定细胞系的建立

将CDK2激酶第80位的Phe突变成Ala,使该激酶特异地利用ATP类似物N6-(2-苯乙基)-ATP(PE-ATP)筛选CDK2激酶的体内特异性底物.将pCMV-CDK2(F80A)-myc载体转染人宫颈癌细胞(HeLa),经持续G418选择和克隆化获得6株抗G418细胞系.Immunoblotting分析发现,挑选的6株细胞系中有4株表达带有myc标签的人突变CDK2蛋白质,其中2株表达量较高,可以作为筛选CDK2底物的细胞系。     

携带p53和p21基因腺病毒转移载体的构建

构建携带p53和p21基因的重组腺病毒转移载体以研究p53和p21联合基因治疗效果.将p53cDNA克隆到转移载体pCMV5GFP替代gfp,得到pCMVp53,使其受到CMV启动子的调控;同时将p21基因克隆到pCMVp53,得到重组腺病毒转移载体pCMVp53/p21.得到携带p53和p21基因的重组腺病毒转移载体.