化学镀Ni—Cu—P合金的研究

研究了化学镀Ｎｉ－Ｃｕ－Ｐ合金的工艺，对镀液的稳定性和镀层的性能进行分析研究，获得含Ｎｉ８３．３１％、Ｃｕ４．０８％、Ｐ８．５９％均匀无针孔的的镀层；镀层的结合力、耐蚀性良好；经热处理后镀层的硬镀达到９９３．４ＨＶ。     

电沉积Zn—Ni—P合金的研究：I.电镀条件对镀层中磷含量…

用分光光度法分析法研究了硫酸镍浓度，镀液温度和阴极电流密度等电镀条件对镀层中磷含量的影响。实验结果表明：当向Ｚｎ－Ｐ合金镀液中引入硫酸镍之后，镀层中磷含量大于１％。在实验范围内，镀层中磷的含量随着镀液中硫酸镍浓度，镀液温度和阴极电流密度的增加耐产加。     

用XPS和AES研究钢铁表面Cu-Sn-P合金镀层

在钢铁表面直接浸镀Cu-Sn-P合金，在综合考虑镀层的组成与性能和镀液的稳定性后，确定了镀液的最佳组成和工艺，并用盐水浸泡测定镀层的防腐性，用XPS、AES和SEM分析镀层的组成和表面形貌．     

ABS塑料低温化学镀镍新工艺

提出了低温下在预先镀了铜的ＡＢＳ塑料表面进行化学镀镍的新工艺。利用正交试验优化了化学镀镍液配方,通过加入添加剂,提高了镀液的稳定性并消除了镀层的应力。结果表明：在温度５５℃,ｐＨ值９．３下施镀,装载量为１ｄｍ＾２／Ｌ时,镀速为９．７μｍ／ｈ,镀层光亮,镀液稳定。     

水溶液中电沉积Fe-Nd-P合金的研究

采用恒电流沉积法，在含有NdCl3的酸性镀液中获得了不同Nd含量的Fe-Nd-P合金镀层．利用电子显微分析、能谱分析研究了镀层的形貌及成分．测得从H3PO3镀液中获得Fe-Nd-P合金镀层中稀土元素Nd的质量分数高达71．51％．通过测试镀层的沉积速率，研究了水溶液电沉积Fe—Nd—P工艺中金属盐、络舍剂浓度、电流密度、镀液pH值、温度等对镀层沉积速率的影响，确定了最佳镀液配方及工艺条件．     

超载实验在优选化学镀镍工艺参数中的运用

镀液稳定性和沉积速度是衡量化学镍镀液优劣的两大重要参数．基于化学镀镍的基本原理，设计了超载实验．此实验不仅操作简单，而且可以横向比较出不同化学镀液的沉积速度和镀液稳定性．实验结果表明，在聚氨酯泡沫塑料基体上进行化学镀镍，它的最佳工艺参数是pH值为8．0左右，温度控制在45℃左右．     

Fe-P合金化学镀工艺及其耐蚀性研究

研究了化学镀Fe—P舍金中镀液组分和工艺变化对化学沉积速率的影响．为了确定各组分对化学沉积速率的影响程度,根据化学镀的电化学反应机制所得出的反应式,计算了各组分的反应级数．研究发现络舍剂对沉积速率的影响最大,其次是氧化剂和还原剂．通过重量法确定镀层在5％NaCl腐蚀介质中的腐蚀速率,分析施镀工艺及镀液组成对镀层耐蚀性的影响,实验发现镀液中氧化剂、还原剂和温度的变化对镀层耐蚀性的影响都较大．     

干簧继电器簧片Au—Rh配套电镀工艺研究

研究了电镀液组分和工艺控制参量对Fe－50％Ni合金簧片An－Rh配套镀层显微组织、性能的影响。工艺优化结果表明：采用2#镀铑液，控制镀轮时的电流密度0．6A／dn2、时间8min、温度50℃，可获得显微组织呈颗粒状均匀致密分布、无明显龟壳状裂纹的优良Au－Rh配套镀层。     

复合镀Zn—Ni—TiO2的研究

研究了Ｚｎ－Ｎｉ－ＴｉＯ２复合镀层的电沉积工艺,讨论了镀液组成及工艺条件对镀层的影响。结果表明,在氯化钾镀液中能获得０．４％－２．１％的二氧化钛固体微粒和１．２％－３．１％的镍的光亮细致复合镀层。镀层印化膜色泽鲜艳。耐蚀性能是普通镀锌 支的２－４倍。     

Fe－SiC复合镀的工艺研究

研究了采用氯化亚铁为主盐，悬浮Ｓｉｃ微粒的低温直流复合镀工艺．详细介绍了镀液中ＳｉＣ浓度、镀液主盐浓度、镀液温度、镀液ｐＨ值、阴极电流密度及搅拌间歇时间等工艺参数对复合镀层中ＳｉＣ含量的影响，并以复合镀层性能，如结合强度、硬度、耐磨性等为考察参数，确定了Ｆｅ－ＳｉＣ复合镀层中ＳｉＣ的最佳含量．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that