非线性结构-地基动力相互作用问题的高效算法

引入等效一致粘弹性人工边界单元及其输入方法,提出了广义坐标变换方法解决非线性结构-地基动力问题分析的高效方法.基于结构非线性动力反应问题算例与结构-地基动力相互作用系统整体算例,探讨了高效算法用于非线性结构-地基动力相互作用问题的可行性,为实现大型结构-地基系统非线性动力反应问题的快速分析奠定了基础.算例表明,作为一种快速数值计算方法,引入广义坐标变换解决强震作用下的结构-地基动力问题十分有效.     

空间结构-地基动力相互作用数值分析时域算法研究

对于大型结构地震响应分析,结构-无限地基耦合系统动力分析的数值实现,往往由于有限元网格过多,以及地基无限域时域计算模型中存在的复杂卷积运算,严重限制了求解规模.为解决此问题,提出了基于阻尼溶剂抽取法的三维结构-地基相互作用分析的分区时域逐步求解模型.并针对三维大规模工程问题的数值求解,在积分算法及矩阵存储格式等方面,结合阻尼溶剂抽取法的特点进行了详细的探讨,以推进动力相互作用时域数值分析的实用化.以三维全空间球形空腔动力变形及大岗山拱坝的地震响应分析为例,针对上述数值实现算法进行了具体验证,并就不同的地基弹模及地震波输入方式对坝体响应的影响进行了探讨.计算结果表明,地基辐射阻尼以及河谷散射效应对结构的动力响应有很大影响,而该模型表现出了良好的精度和计算效率.     

FE-SBFE时域耦合波输入模型

将传统有限元与比例边界有限元耦合起来用以分析结构—地基动力相互作用，并通过子结构分析建立了一种纯时域波输入模型。为提高结构—地基相互作用力的计算效率，本文对无限地基单位脉冲响应函数做了分解—截断处理，而计算精度与效率之间的平衡可由事先给定的参数加以控制。通过计算半球形河谷在简谐P波入射时的散射问题，本文模型的正确性得到了验证。     

三维层状地基动力刚度矩阵连分式算法

复杂层状地基与结构的动力相互作用尚缺乏比较准确而有效的算法.在改进的比例边界有限元方法（SBFEM）得出的三维层状地基动力刚度矩阵控制方程的基础上,将动力刚度矩阵展开为量纲一坐标ξ的级数形式并应用连分式的求解算法进行求解.该方法随连分式的阶数递增而快速收敛,可以显著提高计算效率,同时获得比较好的计算精度.利用改进的SBFEM与有限元耦合成功求解得出三维层状地基动力刚度矩阵.     

建筑结构动力分析有限元模型

为了正确处理结构—地基动力相互作用 ,改善以往固定边界模型将地震能量全部陷入结构计算模型的不合理状况 ,以框架结构为例提出了建筑结构地震反应分析的有限元模型及其透射边界。模型中采用四结点平面应力等参单元模拟上部框架结构的梁柱构件。地基采用平面应变四结点等参单元离散 ,在地基有限元网格中设置底部透射边界和侧面捆绑边界以考虑结构—地基的动力相互作用。算例表明上述建筑结构地震反应分析的有限元模型给出了合理的结构地震反应 ,可进一步应用于地震时结构几何与材料非线性响应直至结构破坏时的计算机仿真。     

倾斜入射地震下结构-地基的透射边界

为正确反映结构-地基动力相互作用,消除传统固定边界模型将地震能量全部陷入计算模型的不合理现象,该文提出倾斜入射地震下结构-地基动力反应分析的有限元模型及其透射边界.有限元模型由主网格、自由场网格和侧边透射层网格组成,地震以入射平面波形式输入,以入射波运动作为非惯性参考坐标系建立相对运动的动力方程.结构-地基实际反应为相对运动与入射波动之和,算例表明透射边界模型能有效地透射倾斜入射地震下结构-地基动力反应的辐射分量.     

半无限地基上框架结构动力性态研究

将半无限地基分为远域和近域,分别用超参映射动力无穷元和普通有限元模拟,提出一种上部结构与地基之间的耦合单元,从而建立了该系统的数值分析模型。基于该模型,分析研究了地基远域、地基与结构的弹模比、结构高宽比、以及输入方式对该系统动力特性的影响。计算结果表明：这种影响是明显的。     

采用MARC模拟支盘桩-地基-结构动力相互作用体系建模方法

文章以结构-动力相互作用振动台模型试验为基础,结合通用有限元软件MARC,对结构-地基动力相互作用体系进行有限元计算建模的一些问题作了研究。主要包括柔性容器的模拟、网格的划分、对称性的利用、重力的考虑、土体本构模型的选用及模型的非线性模拟等。文章利用上述建模方法,对结构-地基动力相互作用体系的振型曲线和加速度时程曲线进行计算,将模拟结果与试验结果相对照,吻合较好;通过计算分析,验证了简化处理方法的合理性和计算模型的可行性。     

饱和地基轴对称竖向振动有限元-无限元耦合解

根据饱和土弹性波动方程和波的传播特性,建立了饱和地基轴对称竖向振动问题的一种有限元-无限元耦合解法并编制了计算程序;对可蜕化为单相弹性地基的气饱和土(干土)与渗透性很差的水饱和土地基,应用该方法计算了Lamb问题的地表竖向位移,其结果与既有单相弹性地基的理论解吻合良好．所提出方法可为求解层状饱和地基轴对称动力问题、研究饱和土中单桩复合地基动测技术等提供一种较为简便而可靠的分析手段．     

高层结构与土动力相互作用分析的耦合法

文章导出了特解边界元与动力有限元的耦合方程，并使耦合方程的自由度缩减到有限元域及其和边界元域的耦合边界上。这样得到的耦合方程不增加原有限元方程的带宽，易于计算机编程。最后对剪力墙结构与土动力相互作用问题作了数值分析     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-