冷轧乳化液JG1使用性能的试验研究

通过对乳化液JG1和现用乳化液I使用性能的对比试验,分析了二者的润滑性能、极压性能、退火性能、防锈性能、耐腐败性能的优劣.试验结果表明,乳化液JG1的润滑性较好,能降低轧制压力10%;极压性较好,极限压下率可达56.1%;退火性残留物少,无油斑;防锈性较好,防锈剂的浓度适当,与基础油和其它添加剂的配伍性好;耐腐败性较好,能有效抑制硫酸还原菌的生长;使用温度控制在50-55 ℃,可以有效抑制硫酸还原菌的污染.试验结果可为进一步优化乳化液提供一定的依据.     

冷轧乳化液使用性能的对比试验

根据某冷轧厂的设备和工艺条件,选择乳化液1#、2#、3#和4#,通过使用性能的对比试验,分析了它们的热挥发性能、退火性能、极压性能、防锈性能和耐腐败性能。试验结果表明,乳化原液4#皂化值190mgKOH/g,酸值9.5 mgKOH/g,40℃运动黏度48.048 mm2/s,凝点-5℃,闪点197℃,灰分0.08%,明显优于其它三种。试验结果可为现场选择乳化液提供参考。     

冷轧乳化液使用性能的对比试验

根据某冷轧厂的设备和工艺条件,选择乳化液1#、2#、3#和4#,通过使用性能的对比试验,分析了它们的热挥发性能、退火性能、极压性能、防锈性能和耐腐败性能。试验结果表明,乳化原液4#皂化值190mgKOH/g,酸值9.5 mgKOH/g,40℃运动黏度48.048 mm2/s,凝点-5℃,闪点197℃,灰分0.08%,明显优于其它三种。试验结果可为现场选择乳化液提供参考。     

乳化液防锈性评价方法的试验研究

根据冷轧乳化液使用时的具体条件,提出了一套评价乳化液防锈性的新方法,并用该方法对乳化液防锈性进行了试验.试验结果说明,使用后的乳化液防锈性下降;轧后带卷的温度可以加速带钢生锈;中间退火后的带钢轧制时防锈性变差;防锈性好的乳化液与防锈性差的乳化液配比,对防锈性差的乳化液有利,最佳配比为3:1.工厂实践证明,试验结果是正确的,该评价方法可行.     

乳化液防锈性评价方法的试验研究

根据冷轧乳化液使用时的具体条件，提出了一套评价乳化液防锈性的新方法，并用该方法对乳化液防锈性进行了试验。试验结果说明，使用后的乳化液防锈性下降；轧后带卷的温度可以加速带钢生锈；中间退火后的带钢轧制时防锈性变差；防锈性好的乳化液与防锈性差的乳化液配比，对防锈性差的乳化液有利，最佳配比为3：1。工厂实践证明，试验结果是正确的，该评价方法可行。     

全面优化O-W型乳化液的缓蚀防锈性能与稳定性的研究

分析研究了低浓度水包油型(O-W) 乳化液的缓蚀性和防锈性与其细度及稳定性的相互关系。发现乳液的防锈性和稳定性一般难以同时达到最佳值, 微乳化液因稳定性好而不能获得良好的防锈性能; 只有稳定性适中、且含有适量HLB 值较高的阴离子型表面活性剂作乳化剂组分的半透明细乳化液, 才具有最佳的防锈性能和缓蚀性能以及较好的稳定性。     

冷轧带钢表面缺陷诊断

针对某冷轧厂生产的带钢表面经常出现锈斑、黑斑等缺陷,对原料、酸洗、轧制、退火和平整等工序进行了现场调研,并对乳化液相关指标、防锈性、耐腐败性及带钢表面缺陷的形貌和成分进行了检测。(1)板面残酸是造成锈斑的主要原因。应重点改进盐酸酸洗工艺和设备:调整挤干辊的压力,保持挤干辊的表面状态,加强水冲洗的压力和温度以及喷嘴的均匀性;同时,严格执行酸洗工艺制度。(2)轧机前后乳化液吹扫不净,卷入板内是造成成品黑斑的主要原因。要改进吹扫装置,保证把残留乳化液吹净,必要时增加一排吹扫喷嘴。(3)应设计合理的退火工艺制度,防止因退火不良或局部烧嘴堵塞加热不均造成油的局部挥发不全形成积碳;应重视退火前的松卷,加强对氨分解的监测。采用上述措施后,带钢表面缺陷大幅度减少:表面锈斑、黑色云纹和黑斑等问题得到彻底解决。     

冷轧带钢表面缺陷诊断

针对某冷轧厂生产的带钢表面经常出现锈斑、黑斑等缺陷,对原料、酸洗、轧制、退火和平整等工序进行了现场调研,并对乳化液相关指标、防锈性、耐腐败性及带钢表面缺陷的形貌和成分进行了检测.(1)板面残酸是造成锈斑的主要原因.应重点改进盐酸酸洗工艺和设备:调整挤干辊的压力,保持挤干辊的表面状态,加强水冲洗的压力和温度以及喷嘴的均匀性;同时,严格执行酸洗工艺制度.(2)轧机前后乳化液吹扫不净,卷入板内是造成成品黑斑的主要原因.要改进吹扫装置,保证把残留乳化液吹净,必要时增加一排吹扫喷嘴.(3)应设计合理的退火工艺制度,防止因退火不良或局部烧嘴堵塞加热不均造成油的局部挥发不全形成积碳;应重视退火前的松卷,加强对氨分解的监测.采用上述措施后,带钢表面缺陷大幅度减少:表面锈斑、黑色云纹和黑斑等问题得到彻底解决.     

聚甲基丙烯酸酯含硼水基润滑剂的合成

采用乳液聚合方法合成了聚甲基丙烯酸酯含硼水基润滑剂.以聚甲基丙烯酸酯分子作为极压剂硼化物的载体,既可利用高聚物微粒的弹性、柔韧性,又可以利用硼化物的极压润滑性,二者复合形成润滑性能优良的吸附膜.实验结果表明,该润滑剂具有优良的润滑性、防锈性,且不易腐败,对环境低污染.     

聚甲基丙烯酸酯含硼水基润滑剂的合成

采用乳液聚合方法合成了聚甲基丙烯酸酯含硼水基润滑剂。以聚甲基丙烯酸酯分子作为极压剂硼化物的载体，既可利用高聚物微粒的弹性、柔韧性，又可以利用硼化物的极压润滑性，二者复合形成润滑性能优良的吸附膜。实验结果表明，该润滑剂具有优良的润滑性、防锈性，且不易腐败，对环境低污染。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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