子午岭森林害鼠调查研究

1996-1999年,经线路踏查、访问、捕捉和查阅有关资料,对子午岭林区森林害鼠进行了调查．初步查明该林区害鼠为2目4科16种。动物区系为古北界占优势,占总种数的81．25％,广布种占12．5％．东洋界占6．25％。当前,主要的森林害鼠为中华鼢鼠。应采取预防为主,防治结合,综合治理的策略．坚持“三结合五同步”灭鼠法。实行“四定一包”责任制,合理运用生物、营林、器械、药物综合防治措施,可有效控制幼林地内害鼠种群数量,保护造林封育成果。     

祁连山自然保护区啮齿动物取食活动初步研究

研究了祁连山自然保护区内分布的36种啮齿类动物的取食活动情况。结果表明,当前对林业生产造成危害的主要为中华鼢鼠、达乌尔鼠兔、子 午沙鼠和长爪沙鼠4种,灾害种为中华鼢鼠。大部分啮齿动物处在生态系统中食物链的中间环节,是许多食肉动物的食料,因此,应遵循生态学原理,充分保护利用自然界天敌动物调节鼠兔的种群数量,达到长期控制鼠兔害的目的。     

中华鼢鼠的发生及防治技术

中华鼢鼠是我国北方地区丘陵山区针叶林幼树最重要的害鼠。文章就该鼠的分布危害、形态特征、发生与环境的关系等做了介绍，并提出了防治方法。     

浅谈定西市森林病虫鼠兔害的可持续控制

随着天然林保护工程和退耕还林为龙头的林业重点建设项目在西部相继启动和实施,森林病鼠兔虫害已成为阻碍定西市各项林业重点建设的重要因素之一。如不及时采取有效措施任其发展蔓延,将严重影响林业开发的进程,改变传统的防治方法,实施森林病虫鼠兔害可持续控制,才能从根本上长期有效控制森林病虫鼠兔害的危害。     

半干旱山区农田鼢鼠综合防治技术

中华鼢鼠是我区害鼠的优势种,占总数的42.6％,毁苗率10％—20％,重者45％以上。是农业生产一大历史性灾害。1992—1994年我们在全区推广以鼢鼠灵毒饵为主,危害高峰期突击防治的综合防洽新技术,防治106万亩,平均防效80％,鼠口密度由防前0.56只/亩降到0.11只/亩,取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益。现将防治技术综合如下: 选好防治洞:不论投药安弓,判明鼢鼠走向,分析选定防治洞是关键环节。选洞原则是鼠常来往,洞道坚固。在土壤湿度大的情况下,     

吊杆法防治中华鼢鼠技术

<正>中华鼢鼠,俗称瞎老鼠、瞎狯、瞎鼠、瞎瞎和地老鼠等。是我省各地人工幼(果)林和苗圃常见的主要害鼠之一,广泛分布于秦巴山区和黄土高原地区,我县南部林区及耕地最多,北部少于南部,终生栖息地下洞穴,食性杂,不但啃食危害油松、落叶松、刺槐、苹果、山楂、枣、花椒、杏等多种幼树的根部,还严重危害农作物如小麦苗、玉米、油菜及蔬菜类,酿成植株死亡,致使幼林和苗圃缺株断行,成片被毁;农田大片空白,蔬菜有种无收。现介绍一种适合大面积防治中华鼢鼠的方法——吊杆法。一、吊杆的制作     

用"捕鼠井"防治森林害鼠技术探讨

森林害鼠主要啃食幼苗或幼树的树皮、嫩茎、嫩芽、树根、盗食林木果实及直播种子,用"捕鼠井"防治森林害鼠可维持生态平衡,有长远的社会效益和生态效益.     

云杉幼林地中华鼢鼠防治阈值研究

经1996－1998年在祁连山、迭部山区调查,云杉（Picea asperata)幼林地内中华鼢鼠（Myospalax fontanieri Milne-Edwards)危害幼树死亡率（y,%),与鼠口密度(x,只／hm^2)成幂函数相关：y=4.1791x^0.5439(R=0.9519),经济允许死亡率为0.82%。达到中国危害程度应进行人工防治的经济阈值（幼树死亡株率）为1.6%,鼠口密度为0.17只／hm^2。测定了不同初植密度林分的鼢鼠防治生态指标。     

森林鼠害监测与综合防治技术研究

科学合理地做好预测预报工作是掌握鼠情发展趋势的重要手段,坚持预防为主的原则,坚持无公害防治的原则,合理使用营林措施、生物防治、物理防治以及对环境安全的化学防治等综合措施,实现对森林害鼠的可持续控制。     

3种鼢鼠牙齿釉质超微结构的比较

为探讨中华鼢鼠、甘肃鼢鼠和斯氏鼢鼠的分类地位,对它们牙齿釉质的超微结构做了分析比较。结果表明3种鼢鼠的釉柱均属于釉柱分类中的第Ⅲ型,种间差异不明显;在中华鼢鼠的牙齿釉质中有许多彼此平行的纵行管道,但在甘肃鼢鼠和斯氏鼢鼠中未发现这种管道。这一发现有力地支持了甘肃鼢鼠和中华鼢鼠是两个不同种的观点。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.