中国中、下寒武统界线的划分

华南过渡区中、下寒武统界线位于Ｂａｔｈｙｎｏｔｕｓ－Ｎａｎｇａｏｐｓ组合带与Ｏｒｙｃｔｏｃｅｐｈａｌｕｓ－Ｘｉｎｇｒｅｎａｓｐｉｓ组合带之间，可与北美·西伯利亚等地的界线对比。贵州凯里相区是华南乃至中国中、下寒武统界线划分最好的地区，台江八郎凯里组剖面是潜在的最佳界线剖面之一．提出中、下寒武统界线划分的原则及依据。     

Oryctocephalops和Ovatoryctocara在我国台江的发现及意义

台江八郎、丹寨岩英等地的中-下寒武统凯里组下部地层中，发现了广泛分布于西伯利亚中寒武统下部的Oryctocephalops Lermontova，1940和Ovatoryctocara Techernysheva 1962.这一发现使Oryctocephalops及Ovatoryctocara分布的时代下限延伸至下寒武统顶部，分布范围扩大至亚洲南部；根据这一发现及原有Oryctocephalops和Ovatoryctocara的报导，推测该两属可能在早寒武世晚期起源于我国西南地区；它们的发现还使早寒武世亚太生物大区和西伯利亚过渡生物大区的差异减小，具有古生物学及古地理意义。     

全球中、下寒武统界线研究现状及展望

美国、中国、摩洛哥、俄罗斯、西班牙等国的地层古生物学者均在进行中、下寒武统界线层型剖面及标准点(GSSP)的研究,并相继提出潜在的中寒武统FAD分子如Oryctocephalus indicus,Ovatoryctocara granulata, Acadoparadoxides mureroensis, Hupeolenus和Arthricocephalus chauveaui及潜在中、下寒武统界线层型剖面.早及中寒武世之交,广泛分布的三叶虫极少,能够作全球完美的中寒武统FAD分子至今几乎没有.Oryctocephalus indicus分布比较广泛,三大生物区均有产出,特征明显.首现点正好是三叶虫大量灭绝、新的三叶虫大量出现的演化点,是一个相对最佳的中寒武统FAD分子.而中国台江八郎乌溜剖面岩性单一且连续,底栖及游泳的三叶虫非常丰富.Oryctocephalus indicus首现点距Redlichia、Bathynotus灭绝点分别是0.8及1.2m,处于三叶虫的重要演化阶段.疑源类的演化及微量元素、碳同位素变化特征和中、下寒武统界线划分一致或基本一致.界线之上为著名的中寒武世凯里生物群,剖面点距320国道仅5km,是一个潜在的、好的中、下寒武统界线层型剖面.     

贵州台江早寒武世台江动物群的发现及意义

贵州台江八郎凯里组剖面中下部中、下寒武统界线之下厚达１５米左右的粉砂质泥岩、页岩中存在着一个类似凯里动物群的台江动物群,由８个门类３９个属组成,核心为蠕形动物,三叶虫数量很多。形成于内陆棚浅海环境。时代为早寒武世末期,介于著名的早寒武世早期澄江动物群和中寒武世早期凯里动物群之间,对于早期后生动物的演化研究具有重要的意义。     

Marrella(马尔三叶形虫)在中国台江的发现

近期凯里生物群的研究取得重要进展,一些澄江生物群及布尔吉斯页岩生物群的重要分子陆续被发现.其中外形奇特的Marrella就是一个原先仅产于加拿大哥伦比亚省中寒武世早中期布尔吉斯页岩生物群的一个重要的节肢动物化石.它的发现使Marrella的产地扩展至劳亚大陆之外,地层时代下延到中寒武世早早期,对于早期后生生物的演化、古地理环境的恢复研究有重要意义.随着凯里生物群中包括Marrella在内的布尔吉斯页岩生物群分子的增多,凯里生物群的意义更显重要并将取代布尔吉斯页岩生物群的一些演化作用.文中描述了Marrella---未定种.     

贵州黔东南中,下寒武统凯里组下部Redlichia的发现及意义

本文描述了贵州黔东南中，下凯里组下部Ｒｅｄｌｉｃｈｉａ的两个新亚各Ｒｅｄｌｉｃｈｉａ及Ｒ．（Ｒ．）和一个未定种Ｒｅｄｌｉｃｈｉａ（Ｒｅｄｌｉｃｈｉａ）ｓｐ．，并讨论了Ｒｅｄｋｉｃｈｉａ在中下寒武统界线划分对比的作用及意义。     

黔东及邻区“下组合”石油地质特征分析

黔东地区位于雪峰隆起西缘(主要为黔南坳陷)",下组合"包括震旦系、寒武系、奥陶系和志留系,具有丰富的油气资源和较好的油气成藏条件。本文通过对"下组合"石油地质特征的研究,认为黔东地区存在两套海相"下组合",一套为以∈1jm暗色泥岩为生油岩,Z2dn藻白云岩为储层,中下寒武统泥质岩为盖层的生储盖组合;另一套以∈1jm、S1-2wx2碳质泥岩、黑色泥岩为生油层,中上寒武统娄山关组白云岩、O1h生物灰岩、S1-2wx3石英砂岩为储层,S1-2wx4段泥岩为盖层的生储盖组合;通过对油气成藏模式的剖析,认为以中下志留统为目的层的麻江—凯里地区及以中下寒武统金顶山为目的层的瓮安地区是近期找油找气的有利地区,值得关注。     

凯里地区油源对比及油气成藏史分析

基于前人研究资料和野外露头剖面详细观测及油苗样品实测数据,运用碳同位素、饱和烃色谱和甾萜烷生物标志等技术,对凯里地区油苗进行了地球化学特征研究和油源分析,探讨了凯里地区油气成藏史.研究认为:虎47井原油、洛棉上青山下奥陶统红花园组油苗、凯棠翁二段油砂、沥青砂的源岩为上震旦统和下寒武统;炉山大风洞二叠系油苗主体为自生自储...     

凯里动物群中Scenella的再研究

研究了贵州台下中寒武统凯里组产出的凯里动物群中的Ｓｃｅｎｅｌｌａ，据其形态，构造及保存特征，认为Ｓｃｅｎｅｌｌａ应属单板类。指出其与毛家仁等（１９９４）所定的Ｓｃｅｎｅｌｌａ ｒａｄｉａｎｓ Ｂａｂｃｏｃｋ ｅｔ ｒｏｂｉｓｏｎ 及Ｂａｂｃｏｃｋ和Ｒｏｂｉｓｏｎ（１９８８）定的Ｓｃｅｎｅｌｌａ ｒａｄｉａｎｓ Ｂａｂｃｏｃｋ ｅｔ Ｒｏｂｉｓａｎ有所区别，据此建立一新种。     

贵州剑河八郎寒武系“清虚洞组”帐篷螺Scenella,的发现

贵州剑河八郎松山“清虚洞组”中上部布尔吉斯页岩型生物群共有50多属,其中含有刺细胞动物帐篷螺Scenella,1相似种:Scenella cf.radians。相似种较凯里组产出Scenella cf.radians放射线较粗,线间距稍大。“清虚洞组”Scenella的发现是继凯里组首次发现Scenella之后,本地区寒武系地层中Scenella又一次产出它的发现不但为剑河生物群刺胞动物增添了一个新的内容也为剑河地区寒武系Scenella的演化提供了宝贵的材料。     

凯里动物群与我国早期后生动物演化的初步研究

作者所发现的中寒武世凯里动物群,属于带软躯体化石的布吉斯页岩型的动物群,是继云南澄江动物群之后我国发现的又一个早期后生动物群。它和新近发现的晚震旦世庙河生物群,分别填补了晚震旦世、中寒武世我国带软躯化石生(动)物群的空白,形成了我国多时期带软躯化石的生(动)物群体系。对于研究我国及世界早期后生动物演化并不断揭示其演化规律有重要意义。     

Discovery of Corallina fossil from the Middle Cambrian of Taijiang County, Guizhou Province, China

Abundant and well-preserved macroalgae fossils have been discovered in silty mudstones and shales from the Middle Cambrian of Taijiang County, Guizhou Province, China. CorallinaParaamphiroa siniansis gen. et sp. nov. in the Kaili Fm., is the earliest Corallina fossil, which usually coexists with other carbonaceous macroalgae fossils on the bedding planes of mudstone and shale and is different from the calcareous and phosphatized Precambrian-Cambrian thallus discovered in the Lower Cambrian of Siberia and the Doushantou phosphate rocks of Weng’an County, Guizhou Province, China. The discovery of calcified thallus in the Kaili Fm. bears great importance on the study of phylogeny and evolution of early calcareous macroalgae.     

Progress and significance in research on the early Middle Cambrian Kaili Biota, Guizhou Province,China

Important progress in research on the Kaili Biota has been made recently. Many interesting components from Chengjiang Biota and Burgess Shale Biota have been discovered, e.g. Microdictyon of lobopodia; Ottoia, Palaeoscolex of worms; Naraoia, Marrella of Trilobitioidea, Mollisonia, anamalocarids and other non-trilobite arthropods; and new sorts of echinoder-mas, macroalage fossils and so on. Recent work on the Kaili Biota has resulted in the following developments: (i) an increase in the number of animal genera, up to more than 100 genera in total, so that the Kaili Biota has become the third most diverse of the Burgess Shale-type Biota after the Burgess Shale and Chengjiang Biotas; and (ii) the most noteworthy fossils in the Kaili Biota are echinoderms, non-trilobite arthropods and soft-bodied medusiform fossils, especially the most diverse echinoderms. The progress provides envidence for the biodiversity of marine organisms presented after the "Cambrian Explosion" and serves as a link between the earlist Cambrian Chengjiang Biota and late early Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale Biota. It is of great significance in the reconstruction of the Cambrian palaeoplate, palaeongeography and in research on taphonomy.     

贵州剑河巴水崖、镇远朱砂凯里组研究--八郎潜在的国际中、下寒武统层型剖面的辅助剖面研究

贵州剑河县巴水崖和镇远县朱砂凯里组剖面中下部都有Oryctocephalus indicus的产出，说明Oryctocephalus indicus的分布具有普遍性。两个剖面中、下寒武统界线的划分和潜在的八郎鸟溜剖面中、下寒武统界线候选层型剖面的划分基本一致，可作为潜在的八郎鸟溜中、下寒武统层型剖面的辅助剖面。     

A restudy of Oryctocephalus indicus (Reed,1910)

Since both Chinese[1]and American Palaeontolo-gists[2]proposed separately to mark the beginning ofthe Middle Cambrian based on the first appearancedatum (FAD) ofOryctocephalus indicus[3]in thesame year ,the suggestion has been considered seri-ously and adoptedfrequently[4—18].The InternationalSubcommission on Cambrian Stratigraphy (ISCS) hasorganized the Working Group,chaired by L.B. Mc-Collum,to select candidate sections that bear poten-tial to become a GSSPfor the traditional Lowe…     

A restudy of Oryctocephalus indicus (Reed, 1910)

Restudy on morphology of Oryctocephalus indicus (Reed, 1910), based on specimens from Guizhou, China and Nevada USA, suggests that the subspecies regarded previously as Oryctocephalus indicus indicus (Reed, 1910), O. indicus latus Zhao et Yuan 2002, and O. indicus kobayashi Saito, 1934, are synonymous, and Oryctocephalus americanus Sundberg et McCollum, 2003 is a similar form of O. indicus. Oryctocephalus indicus is rediagnosed as having a glabella that is subconical in outline and tapering forward slightly; a thorax that comprises 12 segments, and a small pygidium that bears 2?3 axial rings with a terminal piece and a postaxial ridge. Oryctocephalus indicus is widely distributed in eastern Guizhou and ranges through a great interval of Kaili Formation. Its first appearance is almost identical with these events of trilobite extinction-recovery occurring at the end of the Early Cambrian, the alternation of acritach assemblages, the change of trace elements (REE) and stable isotopes (carbon) at the Wuliu-Zengjiaya section. As one of the key forms for defining the traditional Lower - Middle Cambrian boundary (the base of Cambrian Series 3 and Stage 5 in the new Cambrian chronstratigraphic standard), O. indicus has received detailed study and has more advantages than other species such as Ovatoryctocara granulata Tchernysheva, 1962 or Arthricocephalus chauveaui Bergeron, 1899.     

A restudy of Oryctocephalus indicus (Reed, 1910)

Restudy on morphology of Oryctocephalus indicus (Reed, 1910), based on specimens from Guizhou, China and Nevada USA, suggests that the subspecies regarded previously as Oryctocephalus indicus indicus (Reed, 1910), O. indicus latus Zhao et Yuan 2002, and O. indicus kobayashi Saito, 1934, are synonymous, and Oryctocephalus americanus Sundberg et McCollum, 2003 is a similar form of O. indicus. Oryctocephalus indicus is rediagnosed as having a glabella that is subconical in outline and tapering forward slightly; a thorax that comprises 12 segments, and a small pygidium that bears 2?3 axial rings with a terminal piece and a postaxial ridge. Oryctocephalus indicus is widely distributed in eastern Guizhou and ranges through a great interval of Kaili Formation. Its first appearance is almost identical with these events of trilobite extinction-recovery occurring at the end of the Early Cambrian, the alternation of acritach assemblages, the change of trace elements (REE) and stable isotopes (carbon) at the Wuliu-Zengjiaya section. As one of the key forms for defining the traditional Lower - Middle Cambrian boundary (the base of Cambrian Series 3 and Stage 5 in the new Cambrian chronstratigraphic standard), O. indicus has received detailed study and has more advantages than other species such as Ovatoryctocara granulata Tchernysheva, 1962 or Arthricocephalus chauveaui Bergeron, 1899.     

New data regarding acritarch biostratigraphy from the Early-Middle Cambrian Kaili Formation in Chuandong, Guizhou Province, China

Previous studies have evaluated acritarchs from the Balang and Pingzhai sections of the Early-Middle Cambrian Kaili Formation in east Guizhou, China. The results of these studies suggest that the acritarchs in these sections have potential biostratigraphic significance. More recently, 34 samples collected from 83m lower part of the Lower-Middle cambrian Kaili Formation in the Jianshan section of Chuandong, Guizhou Province were prepared for palynological analysis. Analysis of these samples revealed a distinct change in the acritarch assemblages at the bed, which was approximately 46m above the bottom of the Kaili Formation. These findings suggest a boundary represented by an important alteration of the ecological environment. In addition, the position of the acritarch biostratigraphic change is somewhat higher than the boundary between Cambrian Series 2 and Series 3 based on trilobites found in the same section. This indicates that the distinct change in acritarch assemblages is similar to the change in trilobite assemblages that occurs around the boundary between Cambrian Series 2 and Series 3. Therefore, acritarch biostratigraphy can provide data that can be used to define the base of Cambrian Series 3 in this region, and possibly worldwide.     

A new section of Kaili Formation (Cambrian) and a biostratigraphic study of the boundary interval across the undefined Cambrian Series 2 and Series 3 at Jianshan, Jianhe County,China with a discussion of global correlation based on the first appearance datum of Oryctocephalus indicus(Reed,1910)

A trilobite biostratigraphic study of a new section of the Kaili Formation at Jianshan,Chuandong Village,Jianhe County,Guizhou is reported.Additional occurrences of key species associated with the Ovatoryctocara granulata-Bathynotus holopygus Zone and the overlying Oryctocephalus indicus Zone that were originally defined from the trilobite assemblages at the Wuliu-Zengjiayan section of the Kaili are reported from this new section.The first appearance datum (FAD) of Oryctocephalus indicus occurs at the 44.52 m above the base of the unit.Based on study of abundant specimens (n = 800) from the Kaili Formation,we argue that Oryctocephalus indicus is a widespread taxon with a global distribution.O.Reticulatus (Lermontova,1940) from the middle part of the Kounamkites Zone of the Amganian Stage in the Molodo River region of Siberia and O.Americanus (Sundberg and McCollum,2003) from Nevada,North America are similar to representatives of O.Indicus which occur in the O.Indicus Zone of the Kaili Formation.O.Reticulatus and O.Americanus are here synonymized with O.Indicus (Reed,1910).This study strengthens the Wuliu-Zengjiayan section of the Kaili Formation as a candidate section for a Global Stratotype for the base of the unnamed Cambrian Series 3.