基于能量法的基桩变形P-Δ效应模拟分析

复杂荷载下基桩受力分析是桩基设计计算重要内容之一.引入能量原理,针对基桩荷载倾斜与偏心的特殊情况,并考虑土体的成层特性,建立了三维基桩-土体系统能量控制微分方程.在此基础上,结合不同边界条件及桩土位移条件,基于有限差分方式得出了倾斜偏心荷载下基桩位移的半解析解答,该解答可充分考虑轴向与横向荷载共同作用对基桩变形的P-Δ放大效应.而后,开展了倾斜偏心荷载下单桩的室内模型加载验证试验.对比结果表明,本文理论解答与试验测试结果吻合较好,较好地模拟了组合荷载下基桩变形P-Δ放大效应.最后,对影响基桩P-Δ放大效应的主要因素进行了分析,结果表明,轴、横向荷载相对大小、桩顶自由段长度、桩身刚度及浅层地基土刚度等都对P-Δ放大效应有较大影响.     

倾斜荷载与负摩阻共同作用下的桩基承载特性

利用有限元方法模拟现场倾斜荷载试验及现场负摩阻试验,并对倾斜荷载与负摩阻共同作用下的基桩受力特性进行分析.首先,施加竖向荷载;然后,分先后顺序施加水平荷载与产生负摩阻的地面荷载.研究结果表明:地面荷载先于水平荷载施加对基桩承载有利,当地面荷载为竖向荷载的1.3％时,承受倾斜荷载时基桩桩顶水平位移、桩身最大弯矩、桩身最大轴力与未施加地面荷载情况相比,分别减小35.1％,22.2％和5.6％;当地面荷载后于水平荷载施加时,基桩的水平承载特性与仅受水平荷载时的相比无明显区别;桩侧负摩阻力略增大.     

成层地基中倾斜受荷群桩的非线性有限元分析

针对轴、横向荷载共同作用或倾斜荷载作用下群桩基础受力问题的复杂性，引入无厚度型接触面单元和“无拉力”分析方法，采用非线性有限元法对倾斜受荷群桩的受力变形特性进行探讨，开发考虑材料非线性、桩-土-承台共同工作机理、桩周地基土体的分层性及不同桩项荷载形式等因素的计算程序，并由此讨论初始应力场及桩项荷载大小、倾角变化对桩身内弯矩与轴力分布的影响曲线。研究结果表明：刚性承台顶的荷载不变而倾角增大时，中桩桩项的弯矩逐渐增加，边桩的弯矩则逐渐减小；当荷载倾角不变而荷载增加时，承台下各基桩的弯矩变化规律则随荷载倾角的不同而变化。     

上拔-水平荷载作用下锚索承台基础受力变形特性

输电铁塔基础的受力和变形关系输电工程的安全和成本.在山区大角度转角塔常需架设在上土下岩地层中,上拔和水平荷载大,对此新型锚索承台基础具有很好的适用性.为研究该基础型式的承载特性,采用理论分析、数值模拟和现场试验探讨了上拔和水平荷载共同作用下的基础受力和变形特性.结果表明：通过锚索倾斜布置并施加预应力,可以形成上拔和水平...     

基于局部彼得罗夫-伽辽金法的超长桩受力分析

竖向荷载作用下,超长桩的受力可以近似按照平面问题求解.本文通过综合分析,采用横向各向同性弹性半空间地基模型,利用局部彼得罗夫-伽辽金法(MLPG),考虑基桩大变形,编制了实用的计算机程序,并对超长桩在竖向荷载作用下的承载机理做了较深入的分析.     

水流力作用下高桩码头基桩有限元分析

在高桩码头基桩设计时,一般只考虑土体对基桩的水平荷载,很少水流力水平荷载的作用。本文考虑水流力对高桩码头基桩的作用,采用空间有限元法运用ANSYS有限元软件对不同荷载条件下的南通某高桩码头的基桩进行计算分析。通过对比分析在不同荷载条件下的基桩的应力位移变化,为码头基桩设计提供参考,具有一定的社会经济效益     

带负摩阻力基桩的静载检测评析

分析了负摩阻力发生的条件，比较了基桩荷载长期作用的实际工作状态与静载试验条件下荷载短时间作用的工作性状之间的差异．分析表明在静载试验条件下基桩的负摩阻力是不可能发生的，指出常规的静载试验对于带负摩阻力基桩的评价是偏于不安全的．通过一个实例说明了带负摩阻力基桩承载力的正确评价方法，并提出了设计与检测中的建议．     

倾斜抗滑桩护坡承载特性试验研究

为充分探究倾斜抗滑桩护坡承载特性，弥补倾斜抗滑桩在相应试验研究方面的不足，采用模型试验方法，对倾斜与竖直抗滑桩支护结构的受力状态、坡顶沉降位移、桩身内力变化规律和桩后土压力进行测量对比分析。试验结果表明倾斜桩体桩后土压力随着桩体埋深的增加先增大后减小，其形态类似于抛物线型分布；桩体在同一位置不同加载荷载下，土压力值随着荷载的增大而增大，与竖直桩体相比其受力更加合理，更能充分发挥抗滑桩护坡作用。桩身弯矩形态近似呈“S“形分布，桩身弯矩随着桩体埋深的增加先增大，后出现弯矩重分布现象反向增大最后减小，在桩体埋深为35cm处，弯矩值出现重分布现象；桩体在同一位置不同加载荷载下，弯矩值随着荷载的增大而增大且桩顶处弯矩值大于桩底弯矩。倾斜比竖直桩体在相同状况下所受弯矩值明显小很多，即能承受更大的土体作用而不发生破环，从而使护坡效果明显增强，为在实际工程中采用与坡面大致垂直的抗滑桩比竖直抗滑桩能达到更好的护坡效果提供了理论指导。     

水平受荷倾斜群桩模型试验及受力机理研究

长期受水平荷载的工程涉及到倾斜桩的应用，其水平承载能力和桩周土体行为受到关注．设计了4组不同布桩方式的室内倾斜群桩水平加荷模型试验，针对6桩承台，对比分析了倾斜群桩的桩身位移、桩身内力及桩周土体变形，相较于群直桩，同向10°、对称10°和对称20°的倾斜群桩水平承载力分别提高了13.3%、28.3%和75.0%，桩顶最大水平位移依次减小了21.3%、35.6%和53.9%，倾斜群桩的桩身内力较小，侧摩阻力较大，桩顶土体水平位移最多减少了48.9%，桩底土体竖向位移最多减小了56.4%．建立了承台-倾斜群桩-土体在水平荷载作用下的精细化有限元模型，进一步分析了足尺条件下不同布桩方式倾斜群桩与土体的相互作用．直桩抵抗水平荷载的作用主要由土体沿桩身法向抗力提供，而倾斜群桩在水平荷载下产生较大的侧摩阻力，且斜桩侧摩阻力水平分量在抵抗水平荷载中发挥重要作用，对称20°倾斜群桩中侧摩阻力水平分量占比高达35%，所以其水平荷载能力更强，显著提高结构的抗侧刚度．承台与桩连接方式的改变没有影响其受力模式，刚接时桩顶存在负弯矩，更有利于减小桩身弯矩和桩顶位移．合理布置的倾斜群桩可以在水平荷载下发挥显著作用...     

考虑时间效应的高回填场地不同桩顶荷载基桩受力特性分析

由于基桩在高回填场地的应用不可或缺,考虑在其使用过程中高回填土的蠕变特性对基桩力学特性的影响,利用有限差分软件FLAC3D,并考虑时间效应,对填土厚度为10 m,桩径为1 m,嵌岩深度为3 m的基桩进行桩顶荷载分别为0、0.5、1、2、3、5 MPa的数值模拟分析,得到不同桩顶荷载作用下基桩的受力和变形特征。结果表明：桩周填土沉降随时间呈现先加速增加后逐渐趋于平衡的趋势,不同桩顶荷载作用下桩顶位移随时间的变化速率滞后于桩周填土的沉降变形速率;在桩周填土蠕变初期,桩身最大内力加速发展,而桩端阻力在此段时期的增长并没有出现加速增长;随着填土蠕变进入中后期,桩端阻力加速发展,桩侧摩阻力向桩端阻力转移;待桩周填土蠕变稳定后,桩身最大轴力与桩顶荷载呈现正相关,但是桩身轴力附加值随桩顶荷载的增加而减小;增加桩顶荷载桩,桩端阻力及其附加值也随之增大。该研究可为高填土场地桩基的设计施工提供参考。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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