外包钢-混凝土组合梁正截面受弯承载力试验

针对普通钢-混凝土组合梁存在的跨度不大、混凝土与型钢之间滑移、横向稳定性差等问题,提出一种新型的组合梁——外包钢-混凝土组合梁．为研究其抗剪性能,进行了三根足尺简支梁的试验,通过对构件静载试验结果的分析,认为外包钢-混凝土组合梁比同跨度普通组合梁具有更大跨高比及抗剪能力．基于组合梁弹性理论和简化塑性理论,提出新型组合梁的正截面承载力的建议计算公式,计算值与试验结果吻合良好．根据试验结果,提出适于外包钢-混凝土组合梁的一些工程构造措施。     

部分剪力连接的橡胶集料混凝土-钢组合梁疲劳性能试验研究

为研究橡胶集料混凝土-钢组合梁的疲劳性能,对6个试件进行疲劳试验.试验考虑了橡胶集料混凝土、剪力连接程度、栓钉直径及截面尺寸对组合梁疲劳寿命、损伤累积及破坏模式的影响.试验测试并分析了组合梁在不同荷载循环次数下的混凝土应变、残余滑移、残余挠度、滑移刚度及弯曲刚度.试验结果表明:部分剪力连接的组合梁在疲劳过程中不符合平截面假定;组合梁的疲劳破坏模式为剪跨区栓钉剪断,破坏具有较大的延性;橡胶集料混凝土能有效减小裂缝宽度,明显提高疲劳寿命,并增大残余滑移,表现出更好的延性;增大剪力连接程度可提高组合梁的疲劳寿命,并降低刚度退化作用;较大的栓钉直径使组合梁疲劳性能降低,并表现出较大的塑性.研究成果可为橡胶集料混凝土在组合梁中的应用提供依据.     

外包钢-混凝土组合梁与型钢混凝土柱连接节点试验研究

介绍了2个外包钢-混凝土组合梁与型钢混凝土柱的连接节点,并对其进行了低周反复荷载作用下的试验研究.对节点的破坏形态、滞回曲线、强度、延性和钢筋、钢板的应变等性能进行了分析.试验结果表明:通过合理的构造措施,外包钢-混凝土组合梁与型钢混凝土柱的连接节点具有较强的受剪承载力、较好的延性和耗能能力,能够满足工程要求.在此基础上对节点的受力机理进行了探讨,提出了节点核心区受剪承载力的计算公式,计算结果和试验结果吻合良好.     

单调荷载下体外预应力钢-混凝土组合梁的受力性能

基于3根模型梁试件的单调静力试验,对体外预应力钢-混凝土组合梁的受力性能进行了研究.研究表明:施加体外预应力可以有效提高组合梁的抗弯承载力,但试件的延性有所降低;试件纯弯段截面应变分布符合平截面假定;增大栓钉间距可以提高试件的极限变形能力,但对其抗弯承载力的影响不大;试件的抗剪连接程度越低,达到极限荷载时栓钉滑移值越大.结合试验并通过有限元建模,分析了混凝土强度等级、有效预应力、预应力筋线型、栓钉间距等对体外预应力组合梁受力性能的影响.最后,在考虑了预应力筋作用的基础上,提出了体外预应力组合梁抗弯承载力的简化计算方法,该方法可为体外预应力组合梁的设计计算提供参考.     

钢-混凝土预制板组合梁的组合性能

通过制作了12个推出试件,研究了栓钉连接件在不同工作环境下的抗剪承载力及其抗滑移性能;并对不同孔型、不同抗剪连接度的3根钢-混凝土预制板组合梁进行了静力性能试验,对比分析了钢-混凝土预制板组合梁的荷载-滑移、荷载-挠度、荷载-组合梁全截面应变及截面整体工作性能.结果表明:预留后灌孔为方孔推出试件的栓钉承载力比圆孔好;孔内填充混凝土强度对栓钉承载力影响很大,孔内混凝土强度高则栓钉承载力好;3根试验梁的截面应变分布满足平截面假定的要求,且均为弯曲破坏形式;组合梁具有良好的组合效应及受弯性能,完全抗剪连接的组合梁与部分抗剪的承载力接近,但完全抗剪组合梁钢梁与混凝土板界面间得滑移值明显小于后者.本文结果将增进对钢-混凝土预制板组合梁的理解和认识,为今后改进该类型梁工程设计提供有价值的参考.     

新型外包钢组合梁框架结构抗震性能试验

为克服普通组合框架结构体系存在的缺点,首次提出新型外包钢混凝土组合梁-型钢混凝土柱组合框架结构体系.设计制作了一榀单跨两层型钢混凝土柱-外包钢混凝土梁的组合框架结构模型,并通过施加恒定竖向荷载和低周反复水平荷载,对模型框架进行了抗震性能试验.试验表明,该榀组合框架在地震时能形成梁铰破坏机制,框架的变形能力、承载能力、延性、耗能能力等均满足延性框架的抗震要求,且模型框架的有效延性系数达到了7.5.新型型钢混凝土组合柱-外包钢混凝土组合梁框架结构的抗震性能优于钢框架结构和钢筋混凝土柱-钢梁框架结构,可在中高层建筑中推广应用.     

活性粉末混凝土(RPC)预应力叠合梁受弯性能研究

为研究活性粉末混凝土(RPC)材料的结构性能,设计了三根活性粉末混凝土无粘结预应力叠合梁,对其受弯性能进行了研究,得到了关于截面应变分布、钢绞线应力增量、中点挠度等有效的试验数据以及试验梁的裂缝分布和破坏特征．试验结果表明,RPC叠合梁的截面应变符合平截面假定;裂缝分布仍然具有明显的纯无粘结预应力梁的裂缝分布特征;荷载-挠度曲线为两直线段形状,且有效预应力越大,试验梁延性越差,破坏时挠度越小,荷载-预应力增量曲线形状与荷载-挠度曲线形状相似,呈两直线段．文中还建立了试验梁的开裂弯矩和刚度计算公式,理论计算结果与试验结果吻合良好．     

钢-混凝土组合梁受扭性能的试验及分析

为研究新型外包钢-混凝土组合梁的抗扭性能,完成了2根不同配箍率的组合梁纯扭试验和3根不同弯扭比组合梁复合受扭试验.测得了试件的扭矩-扭率曲线,钢筋扭矩-应变曲线,组合梁U形钢侧面、底面的应变分布及沿板宽方向的混凝土的应变分布.试验结果表明:组合梁扭转变形符合三阶段变形规律,翼板混凝土破坏与普通钢筋混凝土构件受扭破坏相似.在试验基础上,通过受扭性能的弹塑性理论分析以及变角空间桁架模型的极限承载力的分析计算,得到组合梁开裂扭矩以及极限扭矩的计算公式,与试验结果进行对比后发现两者吻合较好.     

部分剪切连接的组合梁强度和延性性能

对部分剪切连接的钢－混凝土组合梁的截面特性进行了全过程分析,同时将计算机分析结果与简单的刚塑性手算方法进行比较,并对部分剪切连接的组合梁的强度和延性进行了探讨。     

端部不等高的钢-混凝土组合梁受力性能试验研究

目的研究端部不等高的钢-混凝土组合梁的整体力学特性,为变截面钢-混凝土的研究提供参考.方法制作两组1:15的缩比例的端部不等高的钢-混组合梁并对其进行试验研究;分别对两个试件采用跨中单点加载与两点对称加载两种加载模式,测试参数为极限荷载、挠度、滑移以及截面应变等.结果单点加载的极限承载力和跨中最大位移为669.51 kN和26.45 mm,两点对称加载的极限承载力和跨中最大位移为924.94 kN和15.35 mm.两点对称加载的破坏模式主要为剪切破坏,单点加载的破坏模式为剪切、弯曲与局部承压并存.结论平截面假定适用于端部不等高的钢-混凝土组合梁的截面应力分析.与传统等截面钢-混凝土组合梁相比,端部变高度的钢-混凝土组合梁具有更大的抗弯刚度和抗剪承载能力.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-