Genotoxic effects of dithane M-45 on the bone marrow cells of mice in vivo

Summary Genotoxic effects of dithane M-45 were studied on the bone marrow cells of male albino mice (Lacca strain) in vivo. Different doses (30 mg, 40 mg and 300 mg/kg b.wt) of dithane M-45 were injected intraperitoneally and their effects were investigated after time intervals of 1, 2, 5 and 10 days. The chromosomal aberrations observed in the bone marrow cells of male mice after treatment with dithane M-45 were fragments, rings, dicentric chromosomes, terminal chromatid deletions, chromatid gaps and breaks. In addition to these chromosomal aberrations, physiological effects such as uneven stretching of chromatin material, end-to-end chromosomal associations, exchange configurations, clumping, stickiness and centromeric associations were also observed.     

Induction of sister chromatid exchanges in vivo in bone marrow cells of AKR mice]

Induction of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in bone-marrow cells of AKR Mice receiving in vivo four drugs well-known for their mutagenesis activity has been tested. A decreasing activity in SCE was shown by the drugs tested in the order cyclophosphamide, procarbazine, methylmethane sulfonate and diethylnitrosamine. This technique presents an encouraging method for testing the effect of chemical agents in vivo.     

Cytogenetic analysis of bone marrow cells and spermatogonia of male mice after in vivo treatment with arsenic

Summary Male Swiss Albino mice were injected i.p. with an As₂O₃ solution (0; 4; 8 and 12 mg As/kg) and sacrificed 12, 24, 36 and 48 h after injection. Neither chromatid nor chromosome aberrations were observed in bone marrow cells and spermatogonia.Acknowledgments. We thank Mr L. De Langhe for skillfull technical help. We acknowledge this work was supported by a grant of the Ministery of Public Health.     

The effect of phytohemagglutinin in vivo on the mitotic activity of the bone marrow cells in young rats

Résumé Chez des rats (mâles et femelles) auxquels on a administré de la phytohémagglutinine P (Difco) par voie intrapéritonienne, l'activité mitotique dans les cellules de la moelle des os a été notablement plus grande à l'âge de trois et six semaines qu'à l'âge de douze semaines (par comparasion avec les animaux de contrôle).     

On the effects of thiamphenicol and chloramphenicol on nucleic acid and protein synthesis in rabbit bone marrow cells in vivo and in vitro.

Besides the in vivo effects of thiamphenicol (TAP), this study shows the in vitro effects of TAP and D- and L-threo-chloramphenicol (CAP) on the synthesis of DNA, RNA, protein and hemoglobin in marrow cells and reticulocytes. The experiments make it likely that TAP exerts its action on a stem cell in a proliferating phase.     

Age-related differences in the effect of in vivo administration of indomethacin on hemopoietic cell lineages of the spleen and bone marrow of mice

During 21 days of indomethacin treatment, erythroid cells in the spleens of both young adult and older mice, and in the bone marrow of young adult mice, were increased significantly early, in treatment, relative to age-matched control organs, and remained high throughout treatment. During drug exposure, the numbers of myeloid cells in young adult bone marrow, but not spleen, were reduced, but in older mice these cells were elevated in both organs. Lymphoid cells in the young adult and older mouse spleens decreased and increased, respectively, during treatment, but were unchanged and decreased, respectively, in the bone marrow of young adult and older mice. Monocytemacrophage cells in the spleen were elevated but unchanged in the bone marrow of both age groups. During 14 days of indomethacin treatment of houng adult mice, the proportions of precursor cells in DNA synthesis of only the splenic erythroid lineage were increased. Thus, the major hemopoietic lineages in both the bone marrow and spleen are affected by exposure to indomethacin in a time-dependent and age-dependent manner. For all lineages studied, those of the bone marrow were least disturbed, and/or were first to recover, even during continued drug exposure.     

Age-related differences in the effect of in vivo administration of indomethacin on hemopoietic cell lineages of the spleen and bone marrow of mice.

During 21 days of indomethacin treatment, erythroid cells in the spleens of both young adult and older mice, and in the bone marrow of young adult mice, were increased significantly early in treatment, relative to age-matched control organs, and remained high throughout treatment. During drug exposure, the numbers of myeloid cells in young adult bone marrow, but not spleen, were reduced, but in older mice these cells were elevated in both organs. Lymphoid cells in the young adult and older mouse spleens decreased and increased, respectively, during treatment, but were unchanged and decreased, respectively, in the bone marrow of young adult and older mice. Monocyte-macrophage cells in the spleen were elevated but unchanged in the bone marrow of both age groups. During 14 days of indomethacin treatment of young adult mice, the proportions of precursor cells in DNA synthesis of only the splenic erythroid lineage were increased. Thus, the major hemopoietic lineages in both the bone marrow and spleen are affected by exposure to indomethacin in a time-dependent and age-dependent manner. For all lineages studied, those of the bone marrow were least disturbed and/or were first to recover, even during continued drug exposure.     

Cytotoxic effect of a xenogeneic antiserum on bone marrow cells from normal or sublethally irradiated mice

Résumé Un antisérum dirigé contre les tissus embryonnaires de la souris contient des anticorps capables de détruire sélectivement une population de cellules présente dans la moelle qui régénère après une irradiation sublétale. On peut supposer que la population détruite correspond à un type particulier de cellules lymphoïdes immatures (cellules X) qui caractérise la régénération médullaire de la souris irradiée.     

Effect of halogenmethylenebisphosphonates on bone cells in culture and on bone resorption in vivo

Summary Dihalogenmethylenebisphosphonates increase alkaline phosphatase activity and fatty acid oxidation in calvaria cells in culture (Cl₂MBP>Br₂MBPF₂MBP). The monohalogen C1MBP and the non-halogenated analogues are less active on phosphatase and inactive on or inhibitory towards fatty acid oxidation. The three dihalogenbisphosphonates and C1MBP inhibit bone resorption in vivo, Cl₂MBP most strongly.Acknowledgments. We thank Miss M.-L. Aebersold, Miss J. Portenier, Mrs I. Tschudi and Mrs Ch. Marti for their skilled technical assistance. This work has been supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant 3.937.82), by the Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, USA, by the Istituto Gentili S.p.A., Pisa, Italy, and by the Ausbildungs- und Förderungsfonds der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthese (AO), Chur, Switzerland.     

Effect of halogenmethylenebisphosphonates on bone cells in culture and on bone resorption in vivo

Dihalogenmethylenebisphosphonates increase alkaline phosphatase activity and fatty acid oxidation in calvaria cells in culture (Cl2MBP greater than Br2MBP approximately equal to F2MBP). The monohalogen ClMBP and the non-halogenated analogues are less active on phosphatase and inactive on or inhibitory towards fatty acid oxidation. The three dihalogenbisphosphonates and ClMBP inhibit bone resorption in vivo, Cl2MBP most strongly.     

Hypodiploidy of bone marrow in hypertransfused mice stimulated with erythropoietin

Zusammenfassung Bei Mäusen führte eine Hypertransfusion zur Abnahme hypodiploider Zellen im Knochenmark. Nach Verabreichung von Erythropoietin wurden höhere Fraktionen der hypodiploiden Zellen als bei unbehandelten Kontrollen gefunden.

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We are indebted to Dr.J. Müller for his interest in this work and for his valuable comments and criticism. The crythropoetin (of urinary origin) used in this work had been supplied by the courtesy of Dr.Takaku from the Tokyo University.     

Protective action of irradiated bone marrow cells

Zusammenfassung Wurdein vitro röntgenbestrahltes Knochenmark (475r, 950 r, 1425 r) in letal bestrahlte Mäuse (LD 100/11=950 r) injiziert, so ergab sich: Isologes Knochenmark, mit 950 r bestrahlt, besitzt noch beachtliche Schutzwirkung; bestrahltes homologes und heterologes Knochenmark war weniger oder ganz inaktiv.     

Enhancement of muscle regeneration by bone marrow cells in the monkey

Summary Transplantation of muscle minces with and without autogenous bone marrow cells was performed in the monkey. The addition of bone marrow cells markedly enhanced muscle regeneration. The findings suggest a possible clinical application of the technique.     

Enhancement of muscle regeneration by bone marrow cells in the monkey

Transplantation of muscle minces with and without autogenous bone marrow cells was performed in the monkey. The addition of bone marrow cells markedly enhanced muscle regeneration. The findings suggest a possible clinical application of the technique.     

Effect of carbon particles on the recovery of bone marrow stem cells after irradiation in LPS-resistant C3H/HeJ mice

Summary Effect of RES-blockade on bone marrow cells was studied serially after irradiation in LPS-resistant mice. Injection of carbon particles reduced damage and accelerated recovery of marrow hemopoietic stem cells, indicating that LPS-resistant mice can react normally to RES-blockade.This work was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Cancer Research from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture, Japan.     

Effect of carbon particles on the recovery of bone marrow stem cells after irradiation in LPS-resistant C3H/HeJ mice

Effect of RES-blockade on bone marrow cells was studied serially after irradiation in LPS-resistant mice. Injection of carbon particles reduced damage and accelerated recovery of marrow hemopoietic stem cells, indicating that LPS-resistant mice can react normally to RES-blockade.