基于电容微位移传感器的大载荷微动台的研制

在超精密光学工程等领域,为了满足大质量部件的超精密进给定位应用需求,设计并研制了一种大载荷的纳米定位平台。该纳米微动承载台采用双闭式气浮导轨,由压电陶瓷致动器结合柔性铰链提供驱动,通过电容微位移传感器实时监测终端承载台位移并实现闭环反馈控制,有效地克服了压电陶瓷致动器的非线性影响因素,并消除了系统由于形变或应力释放等因素产生的不确定性干扰。在传统纯柔性铰链传动机构上增设了双导轨气浮承载台,显著增强了系统的载荷能力,气浮均化效应也提高了系统进给运行的直线性,双压电推拉式驱动方式提高了系统结构刚度,电容微位移传感器取代双频激光干涉仪或电阻式位移传感器的应用,降低了系统运行尤其是测量系统对环境条件苛刻的要求,也保证了平台进给的定位精度和长期稳定性。在载荷为100 kg情况下,定位精度达±2 nm,行程大于10μm。实验结果表明,大载荷纳米微动台能够满足大质量部件的纳米级超精密定位需求。     

微纳米压电陶瓷驱动器的迟滞特性建模

为了高精度地测量微纳米压电陶瓷的驱动特性,研究了一种基于最优模板尺寸的改进图像块匹配位移测量算法;结合Preisach模型,建立了压电陶瓷驱动器迟滞特性模型.首先,研究了不同模板尺寸对位移测量精度的影响,得到了基于标准模板的最优模板尺寸;然后,介绍了Preisach模型用于压电陶瓷驱动器迟滞建模的原理;最后,使用纳米平台系统验证了改进的亚像素模板匹配算法和迟滞特性建模方法的有效性和准确性.     

微纳米压电陶瓷驱动器的迟滞特性建模

为了高精度地测量微纳米压电陶瓷的驱动特性,研究了一种基于最优模板尺寸的改进图像块匹配位移测量算法;结合Preisach模型,建立了压电陶瓷驱动器迟滞特性模型.首先,研究了不同模板尺寸对位移测量精度的影响,得到了基于标准模板的最优模板尺寸;然后,介绍了Preisach模型用于压电陶瓷驱动器迟滞建模的原理;最后,使用纳米平台系统验证了改进的亚像素模板匹配算法和迟滞特性建模方法的有效性和准确性.     

多维微传动平台设计及基于RPY角的运动特性分析

为了满足精密制造领域对于传动平台多自由度及大行程的要求,基于空间机构学,设计了由压电陶瓷驱动柔性铰链导向的六自由度微传动平台.针对压电陶瓷输出位移小的缺点,设计桥式机构对其输出位移进行放大,并利用线切割对传动平台进行一次性加工,得到具有大行程的一体式传动平台.通过齐次坐标变换得到了补充修正后的RPY(滚动-俯仰-偏转)角姿态描述方法,利用此方法分析传动平台的运动特性,通过虚功原理和坐标变换理论,建立了微传动平台的运动学模型,得到了压电陶瓷驱动位移与传动平台运动位移之间的映射关系,以及微传动平台6个方向的静态刚度及其变化规律.利用ANSYS12.0对传动平台进行有限元仿真,并搭建实验平台进行实验测试,实验结果与理论模型和仿真结果的对比分析验证了理论模型的正确性及平台结构的合理性.     

纳米级压电陶瓷微位移系统的研究

介绍了一种用于纳米磨削的新型微位移系统,该系统由压电陶瓷微位移工作台和计算机控制的专用驱动电源组成,系统精度与压电陶瓷致动器和控制系统密切相关。阐述了以压电陶瓷致动器为核心的微位移工作台和驱动电源的设计原理和设计特点,并用已研制成的高精度高分辩率微位移系统实现了陶瓷样件的纳米镜面磨制。     

三自由度精密定位工作台的设计与运动学分析

针对精密柔性工作台多自由度高精度运动的需求,设计了一种采用柔性并联构型和压电陶瓷驱动的三自由度定位平台,通过建立的伪刚体模型进行运动学正解分析,并引入修正系数消除长杆柔性及柔性铰链中心偏移对工作台位移输出的影响,进一步提高了所建数学模型的精确度.利用有限元分析工具仿真了所设计的定位工作台的性能,确定了该工作台的修正系数矩阵,最终仿真试验验证了所建运动学模型的正确性.     

用压电陶瓷实现精密工件台的微定位控制

以压电陶瓷微位移原理为基础，对精密驱动技术在精密定位工件台上的应用作了实验研究。设计了一个包括高压精密可调电源、压电微位移驱动器、作为反馈元件的光栅干涉仪、以及由ＩＢＭＰＣ机和单片机组成的控制系统。     

基于白光干涉的MEMS三维表面形貌测量

利用白光干涉垂直扫描原理,设计了测量微机电系统(MEMS)表面形貌特征的垂直扫描白光干涉系统.该系统由垂直扫描位移工作台驱动被测件,通过检测被测件表面的干涉条纹变化得到表面形貌.垂直扫描位移工作台利用压电陶瓷驱动柔性铰链结构进行纳米驱动,光栅传感器监控整个垂直扫描过程,对压电陶瓷的非线性误差进行实时补偿.垂直扫描位移工作台的性能分析表明:分辨率达到1 nm,定位精度小于10 nm.同时采用图像分析技术对光学仪器测量台阶出现的噪声进行了消噪处理,试验结果表明垂直扫描白光干涉系统能够实现MEMS三维表面形貌的高精度测量.     

压电式微位移补偿机构

设计了一种压电式微位移补偿机构．采用压电陶瓷作为微位移驱动器，柔性铰链为导向机构，对传统电机驱动的丝杠螺母进给工作台运动位置进行自动补偿，实现了工作台二次精密定位．提高工作台的定位精度。设计的柔性铰链微位移放大器．可使工作台定位精度达0．01μm．满足许多精密、超精密加工场合需要。     

基于LabVIEW的压电陶瓷相移器控制系统

压电陶瓷(PZT)作为微位移的执行装置,在光学测量方面得到广泛的应用.运用虚拟仪器软件设计的压电陶瓷相移器驱动、校正与位移精度控制系统,准确方便地实现了对压电陶瓷相移器的控制.通过LabVIEW编写的程序采集数据对PZT的位移量进行分析和计算,提出一种测量PZT驱动电压与位移曲线的新方法.通过Lab-VIEW控制数据采集卡的输出电压来控制PZT的驱动,位移精度可以达到纳米(nm)量级.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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