基于BP神经网络与遗传算法的鸟苷发酵培养基优化

运用BP神经网络对鸟苷发酵培养基组成进行建模以及鸟苷产量预测,在此基础上利用遗传算法对鸟苷发酵培养基组成进行全局性寻优,得到最佳鸟苷发酵培养基组成:葡萄糖120 g·L-1,豆饼水解液50 g·L-1,酵母粉16 g·L-1,(NH4)2SO415 g·L-1,味精10 g·L-1,CaCO320 g·L-1(分消),CaCl22 g·L-1,硫酸镁3 g·L-1,生物素0.9 mg·L-1,硫酸锰4 mg·L-1,磷酸二氢钾4 g·L-1。结果表明,BP神经网络与遗传算法耦联法能够有效地优化发酵培养基配比。     

产胞外多糖的嗜热链球菌ST冷冻干燥制剂的研究

从当地市售的传统酸奶中分离出一株产胞外多糖的链球菌,经生理生化和16S rDNA序列分析,将该菌株确定为嗜热链球菌ST。在补充了20g·L-1的葡萄糖,初始pH7.0的培养基上,40℃,培养24h后,其胞外多糖产量为55.62mg·L-1。进一步的结构分析显示,此多糖的主要单糖组成为葡萄糖。在生产嗜热链球菌ST冷冻干燥制剂时,其最佳的增殖培养基组成为脱脂奶粉100.0g·L-1,酵母膏3.0g·L-1,碳酸钙9.0g·L-1和乳清粉20.0g·L-1,活菌数达到1.05×109CFU·mL-1。由脱脂奶粉160.0g·L-1、甘油30.0g·L-1谷氨酸钠30.0g·L-1和5.0g·L-1吐温80构成的保护剂能明显改善菌体细胞在冷冻干燥条件下的存活能力。在发酵温度37℃、搅拌转速90r·min-1和pH5.9的条件下培养,经冷冻干燥获得的直投式发酵剂产品的活菌数量可达1.7×1011CFU·g-1。当采用固形物仅为80.0g·L-1的还原乳做为原料时,与不产胞外多糖的菌株生产的酸乳相比,采用该产品制备成的产品乳清析较少。     

透明质酸发酵条件的初步研究

采用兽瘟链球菌 (Streptococcuszooepidemicus)进行发酵生产透明质酸 (hyaluronicacid ,HA) .摇瓶研究表明 :葡萄糖的补加量和补加方式对HA发酵有着较大的影响 ,采用 4 0g·L- 1的初始葡萄糖浓度及维持培养过程 10g·L- 1的糖浓度 ,可使HA的产量达到 4 .0g·L- 1,分子量在 2 .0× 10 6 Da以上 .     

透明质酸的发酵调控研究

采用马链球菌 (Streptococcusequi)进行发酵生产透明质酸 (hyaluronicacid ,HA) .5L发酵罐发酵研究表明 :发酵调控对HA的产量和分子量有较大的影响 ,采用 2 0 g·L- 1的初始葡萄糖浓度及维持培养过程 2 0 g·L- 1的糖浓度 ,补加 5 g·L- 1的硫铵 ,采用一定的 pH控制策略可使HA的产量达到 1.0 g·L- 1,分子量在 2 .84× 10 6 Da以上 .     

生物反应器高密度异养培养小球藻

首先用摇瓶实验确定异养流加分批培养小球藻中起始葡萄糖及KNO3的适宜浓度与流加葡萄糖及KNO3浓度的控制范围和补料液中最适C/N值.培养基中起始添加10g·L-1葡萄糖和1.6g·L-1KNO3较适宜.在此前提下,流加分批培养时葡萄糖和NO3-质量浓度应分别控制在617～245g·L-1和≤0.44g·L-1,补料液中最适C/N值为41.2.据此结果,经5L通风搅拌反应器放大培养实验,效果良好.连续流加分批异养培养小球藻59h,总糖60g·L-1,得藻生物量341g·L-1,葡萄糖转化率为56.8%,实现了高密度培养.     

黄金香柳的组织培养与快速繁殖

以黄金香柳(Melaleuca bracteata cv.)为材料,研究基本培养基中不同浓度6-BA和NAA对黄金香柳试管苗增殖的影响。试验结果表明,温度为(25±1)℃、光照时间12 h·d-1、光照强度2000 LX的培养条件下,在13种培养基处理中,适宜黄金香柳试管苗快速增殖的培养基是MS+6-BA 0.1 mg·L-1+NAA 0.05 mg·L-1+琼脂6.2 g·L-1+蔗糖30 g·L-1,该培养基配比的每瓶试管苗平均增殖倍数可达16.17倍。丛生芽在1/2MS+琼脂6.2 g·L-1+蔗糖30 g·L-1的培养基上易生根,可以获得健壮完整的小苗。     

降低何首乌愈伤组织褐化研究

以何首乌为材料, 叶片愈伤组织为外植体, 采用L9 (34)正交设计, 研究不同因素对降低愈伤组织褐化的作用. 3因素为基本培养基(A)、培养基中活性炭(B)和硝酸银(C)浓度, 每因素设3个水平, A分别为MS, 1/2 MS和1/4 MS无机盐浓度, B分别为0 g·L-1, 5 g·L-1和10 g·L-1, C分别为5 mg·L-1, 0 mg·L-1和10 mg·L-1.外植体接种在不同的MS基本培养基中(含2,4 D 1 mg·L-1、琼脂8 g·L-1、蔗糖25 g·L-1, pH=5 8), 于(25±1) ℃、2 000 lx光照培养, 30 d后统计愈伤组织的褐化率. 试验结果表明: 降低愈伤组织褐化的最优水平组合为A2B3C1, B对试验结果的影响达显著水平(p<0 05). 以1/2 MS为基本培养基, 并于1/2 MS+活性炭10 g·L-1+AgNO3 5 mg·L-1培养基(附含2,4 D 1 mg·L-1)中培养, 褐化率可降至13 9%.     

利用添加乙醇增加Phaffia rhodozyma虾青素产量

研究了摇瓶中乙醇对Phaffiarhodozyma细胞生长和虾青素积累的影响 .乙醇的添加增加了虾青素产量 ,但抑制了细胞生长 .在细胞生长的不同阶段添加乙醇均能增加虾青素产量 ,差别不显著 .为提高虾青素产量 ,最佳乙醇添加浓度为 3g·L- 1.添加 3g·L- 1乙醇时 ,得到 3475 μg·L- 1和 4 19μg·g- 1的虾青素产量和含量 ,分别比对照提高了 12 %和 11% .该研究提供了一种简单而廉价的增加虾青素产量的方法 .     

反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)测定丙酮酸发酵液中丙酮酸

提出一种利用反向高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)测定丙酮酸发酵液中丙酮酸的方法。应用反相C18色谱柱 ODS-2 HYPERSIL 250 mm×4．6 mm 5μm,以0．05 mol·L-1NH4H2PO4(用H3PO4调pH2．6)为流动相,发酵液经稀硫酸预处理后直接进样分离定量,每一样品的分析过程不超过5 min,可及时了解丙酮酸发酵过程中丙酮酸的变化,适于发酵液中丙酮酸的检测。     

三种维生素对赤潮异弯藻增殖的影响研究

研究了3种维生素(VB1、VB12、VH)对赤潮异弯藻增增殖的影响,结果表明除了维生素H外,另2种维生素对该藻增殖均有显著促进作用,并存在交互作用;其最适增殖浓度为60μg·L-1维生素B1,0.4μg·L-1维生素B12。文中还对维生素影响微藻增殖的形式提出了新的推测。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that