镀银铜粉的制备及其导电性研究

采用乙二胺调节A液pH值,用化学置换法制备镀银铜粉.讨论了银氨溶液的浓度,pH值以及银氨离子和还原剂的摩尔比对镀银铜粉导电性能的影响.结果表明,采用乙二胺调节A液pH的方法,所得粉末表层无点缀结构的银颗粒生成,抑制了铜氨离子的生成.而且当银氨离子浓度为0.06 mol/L,pH为9.5,银氨离子和还原剂摩尔比为1∶1时,镀银铜粉的导电性能最佳.     

镍磷化学镀镀层沉积速率影响因素研究

本文着重讨论了影响镍磷化学镀镀层沉积速率的主要因素,研究了镀液中硫酸镍浓度、次亚磷酸钠浓度、pH值、络合剂浓度及络合剂种类与化学镀镀层沉积速率的关系.实验结果表明:镍磷化学镀镀层沉积速率除随着硫酸镍浓度、次亚磷酸钠浓度、pH值、络合剂浓度的增大而加快外,还与络合剂种类有密切的关系,但当这些因素取上限值时,沉积速率不再上升,反而会出现下降的趋势.由此可得出优选的镀液配方为:硫酸镍、次亚磷酸钠浓度均为28~35g/L,pH值5.5~6.0,并添加复合络合剂,通过溶液中镍离子的浓度确定络合剂的最佳用量.     

树枝状大分子的合成及其阻垢性能

采用发散合成法,合成了以乙二胺为核的1.0代树枝状大分子聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM 1.0),用静态法测定了树枝状大分子在高硅溶液中对胶体硅的阻垢性能.结果表明,PAMAM 1.0在高硅溶液中对胶体硅有较好的阻垢效果,且阻垢效果受pH值、溶解硅初始质量浓度和PAMAM 1.0用量的影响。在pH值为7.0,溶解硅初始质量浓度为500?mg/L的溶液中,PAMAM 1.0有效质量浓度为60mg/L时,30h后溶液中的溶解硅质量浓度能够保持为406.24mg/L,远高于使用其他阻垢剂时的质量浓度.作为一种新型的水处理剂.PAMAM 1.0显示了良好的应用前景。     

硫脲溶液中金银的选择性沉淀分离

提出了一种可以从硫脲溶液中选择性沉淀金、银离子的高效沉淀剂(BAF),研究了硫脲溶液中硫脲浓度、金属阳离子初始浓度、pH值、沉淀剂添加量等因素对金属溶液中金、银及其他金属阳离子和沉淀剂阴离子沉淀率的影响.为了评价影响因素,提出了溶液中离子的沉淀率计算公式,并以沉淀剂与金、银、铜、铅、铁(Ⅱ)、铁(Ⅲ)等6种金属阳离子及硫脲的反应为例,验证了酸性溶液中由此种沉淀剂提取金银时,对其他金属阳离子的影响不大,以及所提计算公式的可靠性.     

ZM6镁合金化学镀镍预处理工艺及镀层耐蚀性

采用浸锌预处理工艺,研究在碱式碳酸镍体系中ZM6镁合金表面化学镀镍层性能.用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和X线衍射仪(XRD)研究浸锌层和镀镍层的形貌、成分及镀层结构,采用极化曲线测试镀层的耐蚀性.研究结果表明,浸锌溶液中加入Sn2+可在ZM6镁合金表面获得均匀致密的浸锌层,后续在碳酸镍体系中施镀1 h后所得非晶态Ni-P镀层均匀致密,无明显缺陷,厚度为8.74 μm,磷质量分数达9.29%;在3.5%NaCl溶液中,镀层的自腐蚀电位为-0.609 V,腐蚀电流密度约为基体的1/10,耐腐蚀性能良好.     

黄铜矿表面生物吸附量的测定条件

采用茚三酮比色法测定了在细菌浸矿的过程中,黄铜矿矿物表面吸附细菌细胞裂解液的吸光度,通过对测量波长、裂解时间、溶液pH值、加热时间、冷却时间等影响吸光度因素的实验研究,得出了黄铜矿表面细菌细胞裂解液吸光度的最佳测定条件为:波长560nm,裂解时间25min,溶液pH值7.0,加热时间15min,冷却时间6min.在最佳条件下绘制出了吸光度与矿物表面细菌吸附量之间关系的标准曲线.研究表明细菌裂解液的吸光值与细菌的浓度成正比.     

酒石酸钾钠和EDTA·2Na盐化学镀铜体系

研究了酒石酸钾钠(TART)和EDTA·2Na盐双络合化学镀铜体系中各因素对沉铜速度稳定性及镀层附着力的影响. 实验结果表明: 化学镀铜速度随着络合剂酒石酸钾钠和EDTA·2Na盐浓度以及施镀时间的增加而减小, 随着硫酸铜浓度、甲醛浓度、溶液pH值和反应温度的增加而增加;添加剂α, α'-联吡啶、亚铁氰化钾和PEG-1000对镀铜速度的影响较小, 但对铜镀层外观质量影响较大. 其化学镀铜最佳条件为: CuSO4·5H2O质量浓度为16 g/L, EDTA·2Na盐为21 g/L, 酒石酸钾钠为16 g/L, 甲醛为5.0 g/L, 亚铁氰化钾为70 mg/L, α, α'-联吡啶为8 mg/L, PEG-1000为1 g/L, pH值为12.75, 镀液温度为50 ℃. 在最佳条件下, 化学镀铜30 min后所得镀层附着力良好、外观红亮且镀速达到3.4 μm/h. 由扫描电镜照片可见: 镀层表面平整、光滑、晶粒细致.     

铝合金表面电镀镍的耐腐蚀性能

在铝合金表面电镀镍,考察镀液温度、电流密度和镀液pH值等因素对镀层耐蚀性能的影响,获得最佳电镀条件下的镍镀层.选择3.50%NaCl溶液作为腐蚀介质,采用稳态阳极极化曲线法研究镀层的耐蚀性能.用SEM和XRD研究镍镀层在腐蚀前后的微观结构和表观形貌的变化.结果表明镀镍的最佳工艺条件为温度50℃、电流密度30mA/cm2、镀液pH值3.82.XRD测试表明镍镀层的结构为立方晶系,晶面择优取向为(111),腐蚀前后晶面择优取向不变,但(111)晶面的织构系数由35.35%增至61.73%,说明低指数晶面(111)具有较好的耐蚀性能.SEM测试表明最佳条件下制备的半光亮镍镀层均匀致密,具有较好的耐腐蚀性能.     

壳聚糖絮凝剂处理废水中的Ag+

研究了利用壳聚糖絮凝剂絮凝除Ag的方法.考察了pH值、离子溶液浓度、絮凝剂用量以及絮凝时间对去除率的影响.实验结果表明:壳聚糖絮凝除银的适宜pH为7~8;当pH=7~8时,用壳聚糖吸附银离子,水样银质量浓度低于20 mg/L时,除银率达100%.即使高浓度含银水样,其除银率也在99.9%以上;絮凝除银时间4 h为宜,其去除率达99.98%;壳聚糖的加入量过多过少都会影响除银效果.分析了壳聚糖絮凝除银的机理.     

钴络合物体系同时脱硫脱硝实验研究

烟气同时脱硫脱硝中,NO脱除是其关键问题,乙二胺合钴具有高效催化氧化NO的能力,但Co2(SO3)3沉淀的生成导致脱硝效率降低,实验在乙二胺合钴溶液中加入尿素,使吸收后SO2高效氧化,生成易溶于水的Co2(SO4)3,以保证长时间高的NO脱除效率和高的SO2吸收氧化效率。实验表明:乙二胺合钴溶液中加入尿素,可保证吸收后SO2氧化效率接近100%,NO脱除效率在95%以上;正交实验表明:吸收液pH值对SO2的吸收效率影响最大,其次为吸收液温度和尿素浓度;烟气中氧气含量对SO2的氧化效率影响最显著,其次是吸收液温度和尿素浓度。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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