K_(0.5)Na_(0.5)NbO_3-LiSbO_3-BiMnO_3无铅压电陶瓷的常压烧结与压电性能

采用传统的无压固相烧结法工艺制备微量掺杂0.2%(摩尔分数)BiMnO3(BM)的0.95K0.5Na0.5NbO3(KNN)-0.05 LiSbO3(LS)陶瓷,并研究烧结保温时间对陶瓷的结构与压电、介电性能的影响规律。研究结果表明,随烧结保温时间的延长,陶瓷的压电常数d33和机电耦合系数kp先显著升高,当保温时间为7 h时,趋于稳定,介电常数εr也随保温时间的延长而升高;机械品质因数Qm和介电损耗tanδ则一直降低。在1 100℃保温烧结9 h时,陶瓷具有最好的电性能:压电常数d33=228 pC/N,机电耦合系数kp=43%,机械品质因数Qm=55,介电损耗tanδ=0.017 8;随保温时间的延长,陶瓷的相转变温度θo-t有所降低,居里温度θc则明显升高。所有陶瓷样品在35～200℃内的介电损耗tanδ均有小于0.02。     

3C-SiC纳米粉烧结制备多孔碳化硅的研究

研究了用3C-SiC纳米粉末压制成坯后烧结制备多孔碳化硅的温度和时间工艺参数，采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析了烧结温度和时间对烧结样品平均孔径尺寸的影响，采用X射线衍射(XRD)分析了烧结样品的结构。研究结果表明，在100kPa压力的氩气气氛中和1600℃4h 30min～4h50min的烧结条件下，烧结样品的主要结构是3C-SiC，其他晶型基本消失；烧结样品具有大量的纳米孔，其平均孔径约为80～90nm。     

烧结温度对Bi_(0.7)Ba_(0.3)FeO_3陶瓷介电、铁电特性影响

用固相反应法在不同烧结温度下制备了Bi0.7Ba0.3FeO3陶瓷样品,研究了烧结温度对Bi0.7Ba0.3FeO3陶瓷结构、介电和铁电特性的影响.运用XRD进行物相分析可知,Bi0.7Ba0.3FeO3陶瓷样品为正交结构,主衍射峰与纯相BiFeO3一致,烧结温度在870℃以上时样品有良好的结晶度,电阻率达到108Ω?数量级.在一定的温度区间内,介电常数随烧结温度的升高而增大.在低频区830℃烧结的样品的介电损耗比较大,而对应于870℃和900℃两个烧结温度的样品介电损耗有了明显的减小;在高频区介电损耗对烧结温度的依赖性不大.样品的交流电导率随烧结温度的升高而增大.在900℃烧结的Bi0.7Ba0.3FeO3样品的Pr值可达到113.11μc/cm2,远大于纯相BiFeO3.通过Ba2+的A位掺杂进一步提高了纯相BiFeO3的介电、铁电性能.     

准同型相界内KNN-LS-BF无铅压电陶瓷的烧结与压电性能

采用传统的陶瓷工艺制备成分处于准同型相界(MPB)内的无铅压电陶瓷0.956K0.5Na0.5NbO3-0.004BiFeO3-0.04LiSbO3(0.956KNN-0.004BF-0.04LS),研究烧结温度对陶瓷的结构与压电、介电性能和相变温度的影响.研究结果表明:所有样品均为单一的钙钛矿结构;在1100℃以下烧结的样品的相结构均呈现明显的正交相与四方相共存的特征,同时略偏向四方相区;适当的烧结温度的提高,能促进陶瓷的致密化;随着烧结温度的升高,陶瓷的压电性能先显著提高后降低,陶瓷的介电损耗先降低后提高,但对正交相与四方相转变温度(θ0-1)和居里温度(θc)的影响比较小;当烧结温度为1100℃时,陶瓷具有最好的压电与介电性能,其压电常数(d33)高达297 pC/N,机电耦合系数(kp)高达54％,居里温度为355℃,tanδ为2.6％,这表明0.956KNN-0.004BF-0.04LS无铅压电陶瓷具有广阔的应用前景.     

ZnO-MoO3 添加(Zr0.8Sn0.2)TiO4微波陶瓷的介电性能

微波电路的小型化、集成化和高可靠性对微波陶瓷提出了特殊的要求，作者在(Zr0.8Sn0.2)TiO4主相系统中，单一添加ZnO或复合添加ZnO-MoO，考察了不同含量的上述改性添加剂对Zr0.8Sn0.2TiO4陶瓷显微结构和微波介电性能的影响，主相合成条件为1100℃下3h；粉碎、成型后样品在1240℃～1400℃下3h烧成，在1GHz下用谐振腔法测量了材料的介电常数和Qf值，并在1M下测量了频率温度系数τf，采用SEM对样品进行形貌观察及能谱分析，并进行了XRD表征、研究结果表明，单独添加少量的ZnO(1％)可以降低烧结温度，但Qf值较低，与复合添加样品的显微结构相比晶粒不均匀、复合添加MoO3(0．25％)和ZnO(1％)的(Zr0.8Sn0.2)TiO4陶瓷Qf值由49.430GHz提高到61 210GHz，同时介电常数ετ和谐振频率温度系数τf基本保持不变。     

微波烧结Y2O3-ZrO2陶瓷的特异性

用微波和常规方法烧结了Y2O3掺杂量为2％（摩尔分数）的ZrO2陶瓷（2Y－TZP陶瓷）。用X－射线衍射法（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM0观测了材料的相组成和显微结构，同时研究了材料的致密性和力学性能。结果表明；尽管微波烧结的样品平均晶粒尺寸比临界晶粒尺寸大很多，但其四方相的含量却比常规烧结的样品多；微波烧结的2Y－TZP陶瓷抗弯强度较高。     

钐掺杂氧化锌陶瓷的晶体结构和电磁特性

以ZnO,Sm2O3粉体为原料,采用常压固相烧结法,通过优化烧结工艺,制备出平整、组织均匀、致密的Zn1-xSmxO(x=0.01,0.02,0.03,0.04,0.05)陶瓷样品.多晶X射线衍射分析结果表明:当Sm2O3的掺杂量x≥0.04时,过量或堆积的Sm与ZnO结合生成了锌钐尖晶石相ZnSm2O4.特别研究了样品Zn0.97Sm0.03O的表面形貌与成型压力之间的关系和晶粒尺寸、相对密度、电阻率随烧结温度的变化关系.结果表明:成型压力为5 MPa时样品缺陷最少,当烧结温度为1 300℃时,用四探针测试仪测得样品电阻率的最小值为4.78×10-2Ω.cm,用阿基米德排水法测得样品的相对密度超过95%;用振动样品磁强计(VSM)测量陶瓷样品磁化强度与磁场强度之间的关系,表明样品在室温下均呈现顺磁行为.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备PbZr_(0.95)Ti_(0.05)O_3及其性能研究

利用无机醇盐制备了锆钛酸铅Pb Zr0.95Ti0.05O3溶胶-凝胶,并在不同温度下烧结了PZT陶瓷.用XRD测量了PZT陶瓷的晶体结构,实验结果发现随烧结温度从500℃升高到800℃,PZT的晶态由焦绿石相变为钙钛矿相.用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和拉曼谱(Raman)测量了PZT陶瓷的光谱,确定了PZT陶瓷由焦绿石相变为钙钛矿相的转变温度为600℃左右.测量结果与固相法(950℃)烧结的PZT陶瓷做了对比.     

微波烧结Y2O3-ZrO2陶瓷的特异性

用微波和常规方法烧结了Y2O3掺杂量为2%(摩尔分数)的ZrO2陶瓷(2Y-TZP陶瓷).用X-射线衍射法(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观测了材料的相组成和显微结构,同时研究了材料的致密性和力学性能.结果表明尽管微波烧结的样品平均晶粒尺寸比临界晶粒尺寸大很多,但其四方相的含量却比常规烧结的样品多;微波烧结的2Y-TZP陶瓷抗弯强度较高.     

氮化硅光固化增材制造工艺与性能的研究

通过设计浆料配方和设置打印参数,采用光固化增材制造（3D打印）的方法制备出氮化硅陶瓷样品。通过热重-差示扫描量热（TG-DSC）分析得到脱脂温度,确定了脱脂预烧结和高温陈化烧结工艺,得到了氮化硅陶瓷样品。试验结果：氮化硅陶瓷样品收缩率为水平方向65.1%,厚度方向80.0%;密度达到理论值的93.3%;抗拉强度为245.9~279.8 MPa,抗弯强度为308.5~333.2 MPa。平面方向收缩较大,可能引起了拉伸时的层状撕裂。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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