Notes on q-ary interleaved sequences

(f(x),m)-interleaved sequences over Fq have been proposed and studied.Roughly speaking,an (f(x),m)-interleaved sequence is a sequence which is made of (or say,interleaved by) m component sequences with a common characteristic polynomial (f(x)(∈Fq [x]).In this note,(f(x),m)-interleaved sequences are studied further.As a result,it is made clear how their minimal characteristic polynomials,linear spans and periods are determined by their component sequences.And also,their period distribution and the number of (f(x),m)-interleaved sequences with maximal linear spans are derived.Furthermore,a large number of interleaved sequences with the lowest correlation among all the (f(x),m)-interleaved sequences are constructed.     

On the largest linear span of binary sequences with period p 2 from interleaved construction

Let S be a family of binary sequences constructed from interleaved construction. The linear spans of binary sequences in S are studied in this paper. In order to achieve the largest linear span, a criterion is presented for the base sequences with periodp, where p is a prime and 2 is a primitive root modulop2. It is shown that any sequence in S has the largest linear span under the criterion. Moreover, such base sequences can be chosen easily.     

有限域上几类割圆序列的线性复杂度

给出了利用特征为p的扩张域Fq的割圆类构造的几类q-周期伪随机序列的线性复杂度和k-错线性复杂度的下界。该结果将补充Meidl和Winterhof提出的关于割圆生成器的线性复杂度的相关结果,同时推广了Aly、Meidl和Winterhof关于Fp上的p-周期割圆序列的线性复杂度及k-错线性复杂度等相关结论。     

Iterative Method for Constructing Complete Complementary Sequences with Lengths of 2^mN

Complete complementary sequences are widely used in spectrum spread communications because of their ideal correlation functions. A previous method generates complete complementary sequences with lengths of N^nN （n,N ∈ Z^＋）. This paper presents a new iterative method to construct complete complementary sequences with lengths of 2^mN （m,N ∈ Z^＋）. The analysis proves that this method can produce many sequence sets that do not appear in sequence sets generated by the former method, especially shorter sequence sets. The result will certainly increase the application of complete complementary sequences in communication engineering and related fields.     

基于指数分布的异构多部件系统周期检测与维修模型

针对实际生产中常见的有寿异构多部件系统进行维修建模,并对系统维修进行优化.系统中包含主部件以及辅助部件(k-out-of-m:F)子系统,系统整体采取(N,T,τ)维修策略.由于主辅部件地位不同,辅助部件故障往往不能实时监测,需进行周期为τ的检测维修.系统在主部件N次故障后或者到寿命T时进行替换.建立了系统费用率函数模型;针对寿命分布服从指数分布的问题进行优化;通过数值仿真优化故障次数N以及检测维修周期τ.     

有限域上Reed-Solomon码的一个注记(英文)

设Fq是特征为p的q元有限域.固定Fq的一个非空子集D={x1,…,xn}.熟知标准Reed-Solomon码Cq(Fq,k)的对偶码Cq(Fq,q-k)仍为Reed-Solomon码.对于广义Reed-Solomon码Cq(D,k),给出存在广义Reed-Solomon码Cq(B,n-k),使得Cq(D,k)与Cq(B,n-k)互为对偶码的一个充要条件.并由此构造出一类满足此条件的广义Reed-Solomon码.关键词:Reed-Solomon码;自对偶码;本原元素     

Improving the structure of multiple dimension turbo codes using multiple identical component encoders

In this paper,we propose an improved structure for M-dimension ( M ≥ 2)turbo codes using M identical component encoders. The presented structure only applies single recursive convolutional encoder to encode M interleaved versions of infor-mation sequence and single tail sequence to operate termination. For the commonly used two-dimension (M = 2) turbo codes,two cascade soft input soft output (SISO) decoders are detailed to de-code the corresponding codes. With the two cascade SISO decod-ers,this coding structure obviously outperforms traditional turbo codes at high code rates,especially,about 0.3 dB gain can be ob-tained at code rate 0.9 in additive white Gaussian noise channel with quadrature phase shift keying modulation. This makes the proposed coding structure very attractive for future radio commu-nication systems with high throughput requirements.     

Non-linear elliptic equations on fractal domain

We consider the following non-linear elliptic equation △u＋ f（x,u）=0,x∈K on fractal domains with zero-Dirichlet boundary conditions, where K is self-similar fractal, △ is the Laplacian defined on K. f（x, t） is asymptotically linear as t→ ∞. We get the non-trivial and non-negative solution by using Mountain Pass lemma.     

Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus: A new proposed <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fijivirus</Emphasis> species in the family <Emphasis Type="Italic">Reoviridae</Emphasis>

For the past several years, a novel dwarf disease has been observed on rice （Oryza sativa） in some regions of Guangdong Province and Hainan Province, southern China. Infected plants showed stunting, dark leaf and small enations on stem and leaf back. Typical Fijivirus viroplasma containing crystalline arrayed spherical virons approximately 70--75 nm in diameter and tubular structures were detected in ultrathin sections by an electron microscope in parenchyma phloem cells of the infected plants. The virus was transmitted to rice seedlings by white-backed planthoppers, Sogatella furcifera （Hemiptera： Delphacidae）, collected in the diseased fields. Analysis of dsRNA extracts from infected plants revealed ten linear segments, which were similar to the electrophoretic profile of Rice black-streaked dwarf virus （RBSDV）. RT-PCR with a single primer which matched to a linker sequence ligated to both 3＇ ends of the viral genomic dsRNAs resulted in amplification of genome segments 9 （S9） and 10 （S10） cDNA products. The complete nucleotide sequences of S9 and S10 were obtained from clones of the RT-PCR amplicon exhibited characteristic properties of Fijivirus including low GC content （34.5% and 35.6%）, genus conserved 5＇ and 3＇ termini sequences and similar genome organization. Blast searches indicated that the sequences of S9 and S10 shared 68.8%--74.9% and 67.1% --77.4% nucleotide identities with those of viruses in the Fijivirus group 2, respectively. These values were similar to those among other viruses in the Fijivirus group 2 and considerably lower than those among RBSDV isolates. Phylogenetic trees based on S9 and S10 nucleotide sequences and their putative amino acid sequences showed that this virus represented a separate branch among other Fijiviruses. The virus was also detected by a nested RT-PCR assay in corn （Zea mays）, barnyard grass （Echinochloa crusgalll）, Juncellus serotinus and flaccidgrass （Pennisetum flaccidum） in and/or adjacent to the infected rice fields. I     

利用伪辛几何中1维非迷向子空间构作PBIB设计

本文利用特征为２有限域上Ｚｖ＋１维伪辛几何中一类１维非迷向子空间构作了三个结合类的ＰＢＩＢ设计，并计算了参数。     

Cloning and characterization of a gene encoding cysteine proteases from senescent leaves of Gossypium hirsutum

A gene encoding a cysteine proteinase was isolated from senescent leave of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) cv liaomian No. 9 by utilizing rapid amplification of cDNA end spolymerase chain reaction (RACE-PCR), and a set of consensus oligonucleotide primers was designed to anneal the conserved sequences of plant cysteine protease genes. The cDNA, which designated Ghcysp gene, contained 1368 bp terminating in a poly(A)^ trail, and included a putative 5‘(98 bp) and a 3‘(235 bp) non-coding region. The opening reading frame (ORF) encodes polypeptide 344 amino acids with the predicted molecular mass of 37.88 kD and theoretical pl of 4.80. A comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence with the sequence in the GenBank database has shown considerable sequence similarity to a novel family of plant cysteine proteases. This putative cotton Ghcysp protein shows from 67% to 82% identity to the other plants. All of them share catalytic triad of residues, which are highly conserved in three regions. Hydropaths analysis of the amino acid sequence shows that the Ghcysp is a potential membrane protein and localizes to the vacuole, which has a transmembrane helix between resides 7-25. A characteristic feature of Ghcysp is the presence of a putative vacuole-targeting signal peptide of 19-amino acid residues at the N-terminal region. The expression of Ghcysp gene was determined using northern blot analysis. The Ghcysp mRNA levels are high in development senescent leaf but below the limit of detection in senescent root, hypocotyl, faded flower, 6 d post anthesis ovule, and young leaf.     

Statistical Characteristics of the Complexity for Prime-Periodic Sequences

Using the fact that the factorization of x^N-1 over GF(2) is especially explicit, we completely establish the distributions and the expected values of the linear complexity and the k-error linear complexity of the N-periodic sequences respectively, where N is an odd prime and 2 is a primitive root modulo N. The results show that there are a large percentage of sequences with both the linear complexity and the k-error linear complexity not less than N, quite close to their maximum possible values.     

利用非交错矩阵构造带仲裁的认证码

设Fq是q元特征为2的有限域，q是素数的幂．令信源集S为Fq上所有的n×n非交错矩阵的合同标准型，编码规则集ET和解码规则集ER为Fq上所有的n×n非奇异矩阵，信息集为Fq上所有的n×n奇异的非交错矩阵，构造映射f：s×ET｜→M g：M×ER→S∪（欺诈）（Sr,P）｜→PS,P^t, （A,X）｜→{Sr,如果XKAKX^T=Sr,秩A=r 欺诈， 其他 其中K=（^In-1 0 0 0 ）.证明了该六元组（S，ET，ER，M；f，g）是一个带仲裁的Cartesian认证码，并计算了该认证码的参数．进而，当收方与发方的编码规则按照等概率均匀分布选取时，计算出该码敌方模仿攻击成功的概率P1，敌方替换攻击成功的概率Ps，发方模仿攻击成功的概率PT，收方模仿攻击成功的概率PR0，收方替换攻击成功的概率PR1．     

Genomic structure of metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 and comparison of genomic structures of extracellular domains of mGluR family

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 7, coupled with a chemical neurotransmitter L-glutamate, plays an important role in the development of many psychiatric and neurological disorders. To study the biological and genetic mechanism of the mGluR7-related diseases, a physical map covering the full-length mGluR7 genomic sequence has been constructed through seed clone screening and fingerprinting database searching. These BAC clones in the physical map have been sequenced with shotgun strategy and assembled by Phred-Phrap-Consed software; the error rate of the final genomic sequence is less than 0.01%. mGluR7 spans 880 kb genomic region, the GC content and repeat content of mGluR7 genomic sequence are 38% and 37.5% respectively. mGluR7 has a typical “house-keeping” promoter and consists of 11 exons, with introns ranging from 6 kb to 285 kb. mGhiR7a and mGluR7b are two known alternatively splicing variants. Comparing the genomic structures of extracellular domains of mGluR family, their genomic structures can be subdivided into three groups, which are consistent with that of proteins. Although the genomic organization of mGluR7’s group is conserved, the majority of introns in the extracellular segments vary dramatically. It is an obvious trend of the increasing intron size inverse proportion to phylogenetic time. Variation of genomic structure is higher than that of protein, which is attributed to the species characteristic regulation of gene expression.     

GF(q)上一类新型的广义自缩序列

设计了GF(q)上一类新型的广义自缩生成器。GF(q)上的广义自缩序列族B(a)具有群结构和线性结构,这些序列之间具有良好的互相关性和均衡性。当n≥2时,族B(a)中不少于(q-1)/q的序列具有最小周期2×q^n-1,最后给出了各种情况下线性复杂度的上界。     

Cloning the interferon regulatory factor I gene in lungfish （Protopterus annectens） and its molecular evolution among sarcopterygians

Sarcopterygians is an important vertebrate clade that includes crossopterygians and tetrapods. Crossopterygians are lobe-finned fish that include lungfish and coelacanths. Tetrapods include amphibians, reptiles, avians and mammals. To compare the interferon regulatory factor 1 (irf-1) gene structure and to explore phylogenetic relationships among sarcopterygians, we cloned the cDNA sequence of irf-1 from lungfish and compared it with irf-1 orthologs in other sarcopterygian species. The lungfish is a primitive sarcopterygian that occupies a very important position in vertebrate phylogeny. Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) are a family of proteins involved in innate immunity. To date, 11 IRF family members have been reported. All IRFs share homology in the first 115 amino acids, which encompasses a DNA binding domain containing a characteristic repeat of 5 tryptophan residues separated by 10–18 amino acids. IRF-1 and IRF-2 were the first members of this family to be reported and they have a very important role in innate immunity. However, studies of the irf-1 and irf-2 genes are mostly confined to mammals; very few non-mammalian irf-1 genes have been reported. Consistent with the irf-1 gene sequences already published, the first 345 nucleotides of lungfish irf-1 are highly conserved. At the carboxyl terminal a C-terminal transactivating region motif and an interferon associated domain (IAD2) were identified. 417 million years separate the present from the closest common ancestor of lungfish and tetrapods; however, the irf-1 genes among sarcopterygians are highly conserved and have very obvious phylogenetic relationships. Also the interrelationship tree of sarcopterygians, based on IRF-1 amino acid sequences, is identical with trees produced using other data, such as morphological characteristics or mitochondrial gene sequences.     

Isolation of candidateR disease resistance genes from rice

Using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based method six distinct candidate disease resistant gene (R) homologs from rice have been isolated. The rice sequences are organized into two phylogenetic groups with contrasting genomic organization patterns. The first group, represented by a single sequence, Osh359-1, is more similar to non-riceR sequences than to rice ones and has a simple genomic organization. The second group, represented by Osh359-3, contains the remaining five rice sequences. Osh359-3 consists of a multi-gene family. The members of Osh359-3 family are further found to be clustered together in the genome.     

Relationships between D1 protein, xanthophyll cycle and photodamage-resistant capacity in rice (Orysa sativa L.)

Relationships between D1 protein, xanthophyll cycle and subspecific difference of photodamage-resistant capacity have been studied inO. japonica rice varieties 02428 and 029 (photoinhibition-tolerance) andO. indica rice varieties 3037 and Palghar (photoinhibition-sensitivity) and their reciprocal cross F₁ hybrids after photoinhibitory treatment. It was shown that PS II photochemical efficiency (F _v /F _m) decreased, and xanthophyll cycle from violaxanthin (V), via anaxanthin (A), to zeaxanthin (Z) was enhanced and non-photochemical quenching (qN) increased accordingly in SM-pretreated leaves of rice when the synthesis of D1 protein was inhibited, and that there was a decrease inqN and, as a result, more loss of D1 protein and a big decrease inF _v/F _m in DTT-pretreated leaves when xanthophyll cycle was inhibited.O. japonica subspecies had a higher maintaining capacity of D1 protein and a decrease ofF _v/F _m in a more narrow range, and exhibited more resistance against photodamage, as compared withO. indica subspecies. The above physiological indexes in reciprocal cross F₁ hybrids, though between the values of their parents, were closer to maternal lines than to paternal lines. Experimental results support the concept that the turnover capacity for D1 protein is an important physiological basis of photoinhibition-tolerance, and will provide the physiological basis for selection of the photoinhibition-tolerant parents and develop a new approach to breed hybrids with high photosynthetic efficiency.     

Population-size-dependent branching processes in Markovian random environments

A branching model {Z n} n≥0is considered where the offspring distribution of the population's evolution is not only dependent on the population size, but also controlled by a Markovian environmental process {ξ n} n≥0. For this model, asymptotic behaviour is studied such as limn→∞Z n and limn→∞Z n/m n in the case that the mean m k, θof the offspring distribution converges to m>1 as the population size k grows to ∞. In the case that {ξ n} n≥0is an irreducible positive recurrent Markov chain, certain extinction (i.e. P(Z n=0 for some n)=1) and noncertain extinction (i.e. P(Z n=0 for some n)<1) are studied.     

Quantitative Estimates of Outcrossing Rates in a Natural Population of Caldesia grandis （Alismataceae）

Outcrossing rate in a natural population of Caldesia grandis was estimated by the dominant random amplified polymorphism DNA (RAPD) marker using 10 open-pollinated progeny arrays of 24 individuals. The multilocus outcrossing rate estimated based on all 25 RAPD loci was 0.872 ±0.033 and the single-locus outcrossing rate was 0.795 ±0.032. Multilocus estimates did not differ significantly from the single-locus estimates. The fixation index, F, in the progeny estimated from RAPD data was -0.142 ±0.000. The estimates of multilocus outcrossing rates (t_m) and single-locus outcrossing rates (t_s) obtained from MLDT clearly indicate that outcrossing is predominant in the open-pollinated C. grandis population. An empirical analysis suggests that 15 should be the minimum number of dominant marker loci necessary to achieve robust estimates of t_m.