完全图Kn的{P5,C5}分解

图分解问题已在很多邻域中得到了广泛的应用。用P₅表示5个顶点的路，C₅表示5个顶点的圈，本研究讨论了完全图K_n分解成5个顶点的路P₅和圈C₅的存在性，给出完全图K_n存在{P₅,C₅}-强制分解的充分必要条件是n≥7(n≠8)，以及完全图K_n存在{P₅,C₅}-分解的充分必要条件是n≥5(n≠6)。     

小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)抗铵品系的紫外诱变选育

【目的】获得耐受高铵浓度的优良养殖小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)品系,可以有效防止其在养殖过程中被轮虫,纤毛虫等污染生物吞食。【方法】首先对小球藻进行紫外线诱变,然后用高浓度NH_4HCO_3作为筛选压力对其进行筛选。【结果】筛选到具有生长优势的小球藻突变株B4和C6,培养12d,在NH_4HCO_3浓度为800mg/L、1 000mg/L、1 200mg/L条件下,B4和C6的生物量比出发藻株分别提高41.18%和9.54%,32.64%和29.41%,37.74%和22.85%;对比出发藻株,B4和C6的最大光能转化效率有显著提高。【结论】突变株B4和C6在高铵培养条件下更能显示生长优势,且它们的生长优势可能来自光合效率的提高。     

壁面绿化及热效应对浅型街谷内污染物扩散与转化的影响研究

采用经风洞实验验证的CFD数值模型,就壁面绿化和热效应对浅型街谷内污染物扩散和NO_x-O₃光化学转化的影响开展研究。考虑了4种壁面受热模式以及4种叶面积密度的壁面绿化模式,并采用臭氧消耗率衡量光化学反应的剧烈程度。结果表明,壁面受热会改变街道峡谷内的流动结构,背风面受热和地面受热能够增加峡谷内顺时针旋涡的尺度,迎风面受热会削弱该旋涡的尺度,全壁面受热则会破坏旋涡结构。壁面绿化的设置能够有效降低峡谷内平均温度,促进峡谷内旋涡结构的重构,并且不同程度降低平均臭氧消耗率。因此,壁面绿化对缓解城市热岛效应和光化学污染具有积极的意义。     

基于谣言攻击的产品需求波动CISRaRd模型研究

与产品相关的谣言影响个体对于产品的判断及购买欲望,进而波及整个供应链中产品的市场需求.考虑个体的情绪和个体对谣言的判断,将经典谣言传播模型中的免疫者R细分成为蒙蔽者R_a和清醒者R_d,两种状态的个体都知道但不传播谣言,不同的是R_a受谣言蒙蔽相信谣言不购买产品,R_d作为清醒者不相信谣言,且继续购买产品.基于系统动力学构建CISR_aR_d谣言传播模型,对模型进行稳定性证明,探讨谣言攻击对产品需求的遏制情况,并在此基础上进行了数值模拟.研究表明,与产品相关的谣言严重制约产品的市场需求,商家在应对谣言攻击时所作出的正面宣传对于产品需求的恢复有其积极意义.     

块结构r-循环矩阵的性质及其算法研究

提出了一种新的块循环矩阵,称之为块首尾差r-循环矩阵(简记为bFLDCM_r)。首先,验证了其线性运算结果和矩阵乘积仍是bFLDCM_r;其次,给出了bFLDCM_r的判别法和非奇异性判定的充要条件,并讨论了bFLDCM_r的对角化;最后,利用Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury公式,给出了三对角块r-循环线性系统求解的直接算法。     

关于星匹配数的图能量下界

对图G的能量ε(G)与K_(1,s)-匹配数μ_s(G)之间的关系进行了研究。证明了对于一般图G有■成立,进一步地,若其子图满足一定的条件,则有■,其中c_1(G)表示G中的奇圈数。还证明了若n阶树T的最大度小于等于3,有ε(T)≥(s+1)μ_s(T)-1成立。     

模板法制备CexZr1-xO2及催化餐饮废油合成生物柴油

以松木为模板,使用模板法制备了不同铈锆含量的Ce_xZr_1-xO₂复合氧化物的催化剂,用于餐饮废油与甲醇进行酯交换反应合成生物柴油.采用BET、SEM对Ce_xZr_1-xO₂进行表征分析.研究不同制备方法、CeO₂的负载量和煅烧温度对催化剂活性的影响,以及不同的酯交换反应条件对生物柴油产率的影响.制备的Ce_xZr_1-xO₂具有松木的生物形态,并有助于催化剂形成多孔道结构.以Ce_xZr_1-xO₂为催化剂,考察甲醇和餐饮废油的酯交换反应.结果表明：当x=0.5,煅烧温度为600℃时,甲醇与餐饮废油物质的量比为60：1,催化剂用量（基于餐饮废油的质量）的质量分数为5%,反应温度为190℃,反应时间为6 h的反应条件下,酯交换反应的甲酯收率达到91.1%.     

An in-situ DRIFTS study in the reaction between NO x and soot on BaAl2O4

The interactions between NO, O2 and their mixture on BaAl2O4, as well as the reaction of NOx with soot in the presence of O2, have been investigated using Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy （DRIFTS）. NO adsorption produces only nitrites species in the absence of O2. NO2 adsorption produces nitrates species besides nitrites species. The produced nitrites will further react with O2, Osurf^-. and Olattice^2- to form nitrates. The reaction of NOx with soot begins with the reaction of nitrates with soot oxygenated complex （C（O））, which is regarded as the key and rate determining step. A reaction pathway is proposed for the catalyzed reaction of NOx with soot in the presence of O2.     

CuO/Ce_xZr_(1-x)O_2催化剂催化CO氧化性能的研究

采用共沉淀法制备Ce_xZr_(1-x)O_2载体,等体积浸渍法制备CuO/Ce_xZr_(1-x)O_2催化剂,考察载体中CeO_2与ZrO_2质量比(mCeO_2∶mZrO_2)和CuO负载量对CuO/Ce_xZr_(1-x)O_2催化剂结构及物化性能的影响.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、比表面积及孔容积测试(BET)、氢气程序升温还原(H_2-TPR)、一氧化碳程序升温还原(CO-TPR)等方法对CuO/Ce_xZr_(1-x)O_2催化剂进行表征,结果表明:当mCeO_2∶mZrO_2为4∶1时,CuO负载量为10%(质量分数)时,10%CuO/Ce_(0.815)Zr_(0.185)O_2催化剂具有较大的比表面积和孔容积,较好的Cu物质分散度,以及较好的还原性能和CO氧化性能.因此,在催化CO氧化反应中,10%CuO/Ce_(0.815)Zr_(0.185)O_2催化剂表现出较优的活性,在常压下,CO完全转化温度低至80℃.     

Magnetoelectric and converse magnetoelectric res ponses in TbxDy1-xFe2-y alloy ＆ Pb（Mg1/3Nb2/3）（1-x）TixO3 crystal laminated composites

Measured results of magnetoelectric （ME） and converse magnetoelectric （CME） effects of TbxDy1-xFe2-y/ Pb（Mg1/3Nb2/3）（1-x）TixO3/TbxDy1-xFe2-y （TD/PMNT/TD） and PMNT/TD/PMNT laminated composites are presented. ME effect was determined by measuring laminate voltage output under a Helmholtz-generated AC field biased by a DC field （0-1 kOe） （1Oe = 79.58 A/m）. The CME effect was measured by recording the voltage induced in a solenoid encompassing the ME sample while exposed to a DC bias field and PMNT layer driven by a 10 V AC source. The ME and CME responses in the two laminated structure are linear. The highest values of ME coefficients in TD/PMNT/TD and PMNT/TD/PMNT composites are 384 mV/Oe and 158 mV/Oe, respectively, while the highest values of CME coefficients in the two composites are 118 mG/V and 162 mG/V （1 G=10^-4 T）, respectively.     

Chemical states of the atoms in magnetic multilayers Ta/NiO x /Ni81Fe19/Ta and Co/AlO x /Co

Ta/NiO _x /Ni₈₁Fe₁₉/Ta and Co/AlO _x /Co multilayers were prepared by rf reactive and dc magnetron sputtering. The exchange coupling field (H _ex) and the coercivity (H _c) of NiO _x /Ni₈₁Fe₁₉ as a function of the ratio of Ar to O₂ during the deposition process were studied. The composition and chemical states at the interface region of NiO _x /NiFe were also investigated using the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and peak decomposition technique. The results show that when the ratio of Ar to O₂ is equal to 7 and the argon sputtering pressure is 0.57 Pa, the x value is approximately 1 and the valence of nickel is +2. At this point, NiO _x is antiferromagnetic NiO and the corresponding H_ex is the largest. As the ratio of Ar/O₂ deviates from 7, the H _ex will decrease due to the presence of magnetic impurities such as Ni⁺³ or metallic Ni at the interface region of NiO _x /NiFe, while the H _c will increase due to the metallic Ni. Al layers in Co/AlO _x /Co multilayers were also studied by angle-resolved XPS. Our finding is that the bottom Co could be completely covered by depositing an Al layer about 1.8 nm. The thickness of AlO _x was 1.2 nm.     

Secular variations in geomagnetic Field caused by the fluctuations in the fluid flow in the outer-core

The theoretical spatial power spectrum of a dipole located at ( r0, θ60, φ0) can be fitted by a straight line in logarithmic scale when n is larger than 2. Based on the spherical harmonic coefficients of geomagnetic field during 1900-1995, the depth( r0) of source-layer of every 5a is calculated. The results show that r0 decreased from 1900 to 1960; abruptly changed from 1945 to 1950 related to some kind of disturbance; decreased again from 1960 to 1975; increased from 1975 to 1985; and kept stable after 1985. Then the mean energy density (MED) of each year is induced to its corresponding r0. We find that MED of dipole field kept nearly unchanged from 1900 to 1960. While, MED of non-dipole field increased. The change of r0 coinciding with the geomagnetic secular variation, impulse and length-of-day happened around 1970, suggesting that the change of r0 may be related to the impulse. The variation in the fluid flow in the outer-core caused by the core-mantle coupling is a plausible candidate in explaining the changes in geomagnetic Jerk, length-of-day, and r0.     

多主元FeNiMnCr0.75Alx高熵合金微观结构和力学性能的研究

研究了合金中Al含量的增加对铸态FeNiMnCr_0.75Al_x（x=0.25,0.5,0.75,原子分数）高熵合金晶体结构及力学性能的影响。采用X射线衍射仪（XRD）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）对合金的微观结构及形貌进行分析,采用维氏硬度计和MTS万能试验机测试合金的硬度和室温压缩性能。试验结果表明,铸态下,FeNiMnCr_0.75Al_x高熵合金均由bcc和fcc两种晶体结构的相构成。随着Al含量的增加,合金中bcc结构的相的相对含量逐渐增加,导致硬度和压缩屈服强度也随之升高,应变量降低;且Al含量的增加最终也促使合金中无序bcc结构的相逐渐转变为Ni：（Mn+Al）=1：1（原子分数比）型有序bcc结构的相。     

氧化吸收法同步脱除燃烧烟气中SO2，NOx和CO2的化学热力学及其评价

湿化学法同步脱除烟气中气态污染物是燃烧源大气污染控制的重要方法之一,为探究采用不同氧化吸收策略同时脱除燃烧烟气中SO_2,NO_x和CO_2的可行性,基于化学热力学原理,分析了9种联合氧化吸收策略的性能,具体的氧化吸收策略包括:H_2O_2-NH_3·H_2O,H_2O_2-MDEA,H_2O_2-NaOH,O3-NH_3·H_2O,O3-MDEA,O3-NaOH,NaClO_2-NH_3·H_2O,NaClO_2-MDEA和NaClO_2-NaOH,并提出新的动态加权法对其性能进行综合评价。结果表明:上述所有策略均具有SO_2,NO_x和CO_2捕获的可行性。O3-NaOH,NaClO_2-MDEA和NaOH做吸收剂的氧化吸收溶液分别对单一脱硫、脱硝和脱碳效果最好。当综合考虑同步脱除SO_2,NO_x和CO_2时,NaClO_2-MDEA优于其他策略,其结果可为燃烧烟气中的气体污染物的联合脱除提供参考。     

The concentration quenching characteristics of 5D3-7FJ and 5D4-7FJ (J=0―6) transitions of Tb3+ in YBO3:Tb3+ phosphor

The photoluminescence quenching behaviors of ^5D3-^7Fj and ^5D4-^7Fj （J = 0—6） transitions of Tb^3＋ in YBO3：Tb under 130—290 nm excitation were systematically investigated. The results revealed that the quenching concentrations of both ^5D3-^7Fj and ^5D4-^7Fj transitions of Tb^3＋ in YBO3：Tb were mainly dependent on excitation wavelength. Particularly, the quenching concentrations of ^5D4-^7Fj transitions of Tb^3＋ under 130—290 nm excitation were correlated with excitation bands of YBO3：Tb. The quenching concentrations of ^5D3-^7Fj transitions remained at low concentration （2%） under 186—290 nm excitation and then increased gradually with energy of incoming excitation photon when excited at 130—186 nm. This dependence should be involved in their excitation mechanisms and quenching pathway in particular excitation region.[第一段]     

3种兜兰属植物光合特性的比较研究

通过研究硬叶兜兰(Paphiopedilum micranthum)、带叶兜兰(P.hirsutissimum)和长瓣兜兰(P.dianthum)3种兜兰属植物的光合特性,为其种质资源保育及引种栽培提供理论依据。以广西雅长兰科植物国家级自然保护区内3种兜兰属植物为试验材料,测定其叶片的光响应曲线、CO₂响应曲线以及叶绿素含量,比较3种兜兰光合特性的差异。结果表明：硬叶兜兰、带叶兜兰和长瓣兜兰的最大净光合速率(P_max)分别为2.719 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、1.836 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、2.015 μmol·m^-2·s^-1,光饱和点(LSP)分别为578.74 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 、467.72 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、481.25 μmol·m^-2·s^-1,光补偿点(LCP)均较低,分别为15.65 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、12.79 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、10.34 μmol·m^-2·s^-1,是典型的阴生植物。硬叶兜兰的最大净光合速率(P_max)、CO₂饱和点(CSP)、羧化效率(CE)均显著高于长瓣兜兰和带叶兜兰(P<0.05),硬叶兜兰对CO₂的利用能力更强。叶片叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值)表现为硬叶兜兰(58.13)>长瓣兜兰(55.12)>带叶兜兰(51.88)。3种兜兰属植物的光合能力较弱,对光的利用范围狭窄,在引种栽培时应注意增加荫蔽度。     

首尾差r-循环矩阵的判别方法及逆和广义逆的快速算法

提出了一种新的循环矩阵,称之为首尾差r-循环矩阵(简记为FLDcircr矩阵).验证了它的线性运算、矩阵乘积、逆矩阵等仍为FLDcircr矩阵.通过构造基本FLDcircr矩阵,给出FLDcircr矩阵的判别方法及逆和广义逆的快速算法.     

FERE法研究M_xO_y(M=Sc、Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni)形成能

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的广义梯度近似法(GGA+U)对氧化物M_xO_y(M=Sc、Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni)进行几何结构优化,然后计算其总能,根据形成能与总能的关系求出它们的形成能,再用FERE(Fitted Elemental-phase Reference Energies)方法对形成能进行修正。结果表明:修正后,每个单胞形成能相对实验值的平均绝对偏差由0.59 eV降低到0.46 eV,其中Ti-O、V-O、Co-O和Ni-O化合物的形成能修正值更接近实验值;而其他元素氧化物的形成能修正值相对于实验值的平均绝对偏差略有增大。     

Convergence in the<Emphasis Type="Italic">r</Emphasis>-th mean and the Marcinkiewicz type weak law of large numbers for weighted sums of<Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Subscript>q</Subscript>-mixingale arrays

L _r convergence and convergence in probability for weighted sums ofL _q-mixingale arrays have been discussed and the Marcinkiewicz type weak law of large numbers forL _q-mixingale arrays has been obtained. Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10071058) Biography: Gan Shi-xin (1939-), male, Professor, research direction; martingale theory, probability limiting theory and Banach space geometry theory.     

基于Gd的造影剂在T1加权MRI上的研究进展

磁共振成像(MRI)由于具有较深的组织穿透能力和高的空间分辨率,已成为临床医学常规使用的诊断工具之一.MRI造影剂能有效提高病灶区域和周围组织的对比度,被广泛应用于MRI医疗诊断.基于Gd的MRI造影剂,由于其能最大程度地加速纵向弛豫,产生更明亮的图像,使得该类造影剂被科研工作者不断开发和研究.综述了Gd造影剂在T1加权MRI上的最新研究进展.