7075铝合金硬质氧化膜实验探究

本实验是对7075铝合金在由硫酸、草酸、酒石酸组成的混合酸溶液中的硬质阳极氧化处理进行的试验。主要目的是从硬质氧化膜的微观结构出发探究影响其薄膜的完整性和耐磨性的主要因素,寻求恰当的工艺参数来提高7075铝合金硬质氧化膜的耐磨性。通过对硬质氧化膜XRD分析表明,由于A12O3的存在,所以外层的硬度明显高于基体的硬度。     

铝酸盐体系中镁合金微弧氧化膜的性能

利用交流微弧氧化装置对铝酸盐体系中的AZ91D镁合金进行了微弧氧化处理，并通过扫描电镜、表面性能测试仪和电化学测试技术等研究了氧化时间和电流密度对微弧氧化膜层表面形貌、厚度、耐蚀性、摩擦磨损性能和结合力的影响．实验结果表明，随着氧化时间和电流密度的增大，在铝酸盐体系中镁合金微弧氧化膜层表面微孔的数量减少，但微孔直径和表面粗糙度增大．微弧氧化膜层的厚度约为4-16μm；膜层与基体的结合力均在20N以上．微弧氧化膜层的耐磨性和耐蚀性随氧化时间和电流密度的增大呈先升高后降低的趋势．镁合金在铝酸盐体系中微弧氧化处理的最佳工艺为氧化时间40min、电流密度0．20A／cm^2.     

纳米SiC增强铝合金表面阳极氧化膜的组织与性能

以硫酸、草酸、氨基磺酸为基础电解液,分别添加3,8,12,15 g/L的纳米SiC颗粒,利用直流氧化电源在优化的复合共沉积工艺参数下,在2024铝合金表面制备纳米SiC增强的硬质阳极氧化膜.结果表明:纳米SiC颗粒弥散分布在阳极氧化膜中,形成了纳米颗粒增强的硬质Al2O3氧化膜组织结构;随着纳米SiC添加量的增加,膜的厚度由没有添加纳米SiC颗粒的42μm增加到了48μm;当SiC的添加量为12 g/L时,氧化膜的硬度最高而磨耗最低,硬度由没有添加纳米颗粒样品的400 HV左右提高到了440 HV,磨损量由25 mg降到8 mg;纳米SiC在阳极氧化过程中,通过机械夹杂、吸附作用等形式进入膜层...     

低电流低电压条件下的医用钛合金微弧氧化工艺研究

本文以微弧氧化工艺为研究对象,研究Ti-6Al-4V(TC4)在恒流恒压的条件下微弧氧化所得到的表面情况。并通过数字显微镜观察成膜情况以及膜层厚度,实验表明:在磷酸盐与硅酸盐混合电解液体系下,Ti-6Al-4V(TC4)能够在低电流低电压的情况下发生微弧氧化,且最佳实验条件是电流密度为0.3A,反应时间20min,得到的膜层厚度为119μm。     

LC4表面纳米SiC和PTFE双颗粒复合阳极氧化膜的制备

以250g/L硫酸+15g/L草酸为基础电解液,通过添加2g/L表面改性的纳米SiC颗粒和15ml/LPTFE乳液,组成双颗粒复合阳极氧化电解液,利用脉冲电源在LC4铝合金表面制备双颗粒复合的阳极氧化膜.结果表明:在脉冲电源频率80Hz、占空比80%、电流密度3A/dm2、温度0℃、氧化时间40min等条件下,在LC4铝合金表面成功制备出厚度为20μm,硬度为4340MPa的双颗粒复合的Al2O3-SiC-PTFE阳极氧化膜;复合氧化膜结构中存在着大量的微米级的孔隙缺陷为复合沉积双颗粒提供了复合场所,形成了具有纳米SiC颗粒增强膜的硬度和PTFE颗粒增强膜的自润滑性能的双颗粒复合氧化膜.     

两室电化学沉淀法制备超细氧化锌粉体

针对传统的超细氧化锌粉体制备过程存在设备要求严格、操作条件复杂和需外加分散剂等问题,采用以阳离子交换膜为隔膜的两室电化学沉淀法,控制阴极电流密度在50～150 A/m2,阴极产生的OH-与通过阳离子交换膜迁移进入阴极室的Zn2+相结合得到氢氧化锌沉淀。该沉淀物经过350℃焙烧2 h后得到氧化锌粉体。由TEM和XRD分析可知:氧化锌粉体颗粒随着阴极电流密度增加而逐渐降低,当阴极电流密度达到150 A/m2时,获得的氧化锌粉体粒度为50～80 nm,为六方晶系结构。实验研究表明:该两室电化学沉淀法具有操作条件简单、设备要求不高、不需外加化学分散剂等优点,是制备超细氧化锌粉体的有效方法。     

草酸中多孔阳极氧化铝膜生长动力学和形态结构研究

为分析多孔阳极氧化铝膜形态参数和氧化条件的关系,在恒流条件下对0.3 mol·L-1草酸电解中形成多孔膜的生长动力学进行了研究.采用扫描电子显微镜和氧化膜质量测定方法检验了电流密度、温度和氧化时间对氧化膜生长动力学和氧化膜形态的影响.通过电压-时间曲线研究了氧化膜的电化学特征,并采用一元线性回归模型预测了氧化膜的生长速率.实验结果表明氧化膜的生长速率随电流密度的升高而升高,随温度的升高而下降.氧化膜质量的增长速率也随着电流密度的升高而增大.     

膜蒸馏技术在卤水浓缩中的应用研究

为解决传统盐湖卤水蒸发生产周期长和盐湖地区水资源短缺的问题,试验采用MgCl2溶液和透射电镜对不同厂家生产的4种微孔疏水膜进行筛选,研究了在进料液温度为30～60℃、循环流量为300～900 m L/min的条件下进料溶液对膜性能的影响,并对一里坪卤水进行浓缩实验。结果表明:(1)在相同条件下德国默克密理博的膜的膜通量大于其他3种膜的膜通量;(2)随着料液温度的升高、循环流量的增大,膜通量增加,盐截率在实验时间内均大于99%;(3)随着重复使用次数增加,膜通量逐渐减小。处理卤水时可在短时间内将料液浓缩甚至析出晶体且渗透侧得到的水符合生活饮用水标准。     

7A04铝合金表面磁控溅射制备硬质膜工艺

为提高铝合金表面硬质涂层质量,对7A04铝合金固溶处理后两种不同时效工艺进行对比,确定了适合磁控溅射方法制备硬质膜的热处理工艺。在确定镀膜时间后,通过对溅射功率的改变,探索出最适合镀膜的工艺。实验结果表明:固溶时间相同时,采用分级时效的热处理工艺比采用任何单级时效的热处理工艺都要适合限制镀膜时间和温度的磁控溅射方法。得到力学性能良好的硬质膜最佳镀膜工艺为:470℃×60min水淬+120℃×3h功率210W×5h。     

草酸中多孔阳极氧化铝膜生长动力学和形态结构研究

为分析多孔阳极氧化铝膜形态参数和氧化条件的关系,在恒流条件下对0.3 mol.L-1草酸电解中形成多孔膜的生长动力学进行了研究.采用扫描电子显微镜和氧化膜质量测定方法检验了电流密度、温度和氧化时间对氧化膜生长动力学和氧化膜形态的影响.通过电压-时间曲线研究了氧化膜的电化学特征,并采用一元线性回归模型预测了氧化膜的生长速率.实验结果表明氧化膜的生长速率随电流密度的升高而升高,随温度的升高而下降.氧化膜质量的增长速率也随着电流密度的升高而增大.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.