甘肃碳减排影响因素分析及对策研究

碳减排是人类社会应对化石能源短缺和气候变化双重挑战的必然选择。2015年,《中国国家自主贡献》明确提出中国到2030年的自主行动目标为:二氧化碳排放2030年左右达到峰值并争取尽早达峰;单位GDP二氧化碳排放比2005年下降60%~65%。甘肃作为一个经济欠发达地区尚处于工业化和城镇化阶段,能源消费需求会不断扩张,碳减排压力将与日俱增。通过计算甘肃历史碳排放量和碳强度,并依据能源消费状况、产业发展等实际情况,对甘肃碳排放的影响因素进行分析。分析结果表明:能源消费结构、产业结构、技术发展水平和重大工程项目是影响甘肃碳排放的4个主要影响因素,提出了绿色低碳发展的若干建议。     

钠离子电池:面向碳达峰、碳中和目标持续突破

"中国将提高国家自主贡献力度,采取更加有力的政策和措施,二氧化碳排放力争于2030年前达到峰值,努力争取2060年前实现碳中和",习近平总书记在联合国大会上向世界许下了郑重承诺.碳达峰、碳中和的目标承诺为我国能源发展规划了路线图,设定了时间表,提出了新挑战.     

高翔院士:减污降碳,他用行动践行新时代科学家精神

"我国提出,二氧化碳排放力争于2030年前达到峰值,努力争取2060年前实现碳中和.按照这个计划看,未来40年正是新时代能源环保人大显身手的时期.希望我们能不负使命,立足中国,走向世界,为能源环保事业作出贡献!"     

安徽居民生活能源消费碳排放测度及影响因素分析

随着我国社会经济发展、城市化进程加快和人口数量增长,居民直接能源消费人均二氧化碳排放量持续走高,雾霾影响人们生活.文章根据IPCC碳排放计算指南中的计算公式和二氧化碳排放系数缺省值,建立了居民直接能源消费二氧化碳排放计算模型,测算出2005-2013年安徽省居民直接能源消费二氧化碳排放量,接着对碳排放的影响因素进行了实证分析,最后提出了相应的二氧化碳减排对策措施.     

我国可再生能源中长期（2030、2050）发展战略目标与途径

基于我国调整能源结构的战略方针和以煤为主要一次能源的国情，根据可再生能源在技术、产业等方面的发展形势，从可持续发展的战略高度和大能源体系的视野，分析了2030年、2050年我国可再生能源发展的战略目标、技术路线、发展重点和保障政策，指出通过重点发展可再生能源发电、大力发展可再生能源热利用和燃气技术、积极努力发展生物质交通燃料技术，使可再生能源从目前的补充能源，逐步提升到2020年的替代能源、2030年的主流能源和2050年的主导能源的战略地位。     

氢能源将在内蒙古自治区实现碳达峰和碳中和发挥重要作用

2020年9月22日,国家主席习近平在第七十五届联合国大会一般性辩论上发表重要讲话时提出二氧化碳排放力争于2030年前达到峰值,于2060年前实现碳中和的宏伟目标.因为实现碳达峰与碳中和意义深远,所以如何实现这两个宏伟目标,值得深入思考.为确保内蒙古自治区如期实现这两个宏伟目标,在如何有效替换化石能源为氢能源方面做出几...     

西部可持续能源开发利用模型

为了研究中国西部可持续的能源开发利用战略,建立了西部可持续能源开发利用模型。该模型以能源系统优化模型——MARKAL模型为内核,耦合了能源服务需求预测模块、水资源需求模块、污染物排放模块、经济分析模块和内生技术学习模块。应用该模型研究了2000—2050年间西部地区终端能源需求、一次能源供应、电力消费及构成、水资源需求以及污染物排放等。并分析了“能源东送”方案对西部能源系统的影响。结果显示,2050年中国西部终端能源消费量将达到12.43亿t,一次能源消费量将达到14.67亿t。预计“能源东送”方案实施后,一次能源消费、电力需求、水资源需求和污染物排放均会有较大幅度增加。     

中国各地域能源消费及SO2、NOx、CO2排放量估计与预测

估算了巨大都市、大都市、中小城市及农村（其他地区）的能源消费情况，建立了各地区人及GDP预测模型，根据各地区人口和GDP增长率及由CGEn模型预测的2种计算方案下的各部门燃料类别的能源消费量，对4个地域2030年前的能源消费量进行了估计，同时，在考虑燃料性质及大气污染防治对策动向的条件下，估算了现况及到2030年的SO2、NOx和CO2的排放情况，结果表明，未来的30a中国将大大加快都市化特别是中小都市化的发展进程，从各地区能源消费量及SO2、NOx和CO2的排放量构成来看，都市主要集中于电力、钢铁、水泥等能源消费密集型企业，农作物秸秆及薪柴是中国农村的主要能源和废气排放源。     

煤炭利用洁净化度的构建与分析

通过对10种发电技术的单一指标和综合指标的洁净化度的研究,分析和预测了中国2030年和2050年煤炭利用过程中污染物排放对环境的影响程度,给出了评价煤炭高效洁净化利用程度的洁净化度的概念并作出了相应的定量判据。研究结果表明:不同发电技术采用二氧化碳捕获与埋存(CCS)技术后,洁净化度比不采用CCS的大,其中多联产、超超临界发电的综合洁净化度较大;随着煤炭高效洁净化技术路线的实施和大规模利用,总体洁净化度提高,特别是2050年,在能源消费总量增加、煤炭总量略有增加的情况下,如果全国50%的燃煤发电机组采用CCS技术,煤炭利用总洁净化度将从2030年的61%增加到71%。     

基于中国TIMES模型的碳排放达峰路径

该文以中国能源系统优化模型(China TIMES)为基础,构建了碳排放达峰路径模型体系,分析了中国未来可能的碳排放峰值水平和达峰路径,综合评估了各部门及各项措施的碳减排贡献。结果表明:在参考情景下,中国的能源消费与碳排放在2010—2050年间将持续增长,对能源安全和应对气候变化带来严峻挑战;在达峰情景下,通过发展非化石能源和推广高耗能工业的节能减排技术,使得电力、工业和高耗能工业部门分阶段地实现碳排放达峰,进而实现2030年碳排放峰值达100亿~108亿t;电力和工业部门是碳减排的关键部门,二者在2030年的减排贡献分别达到75%和15%;发展非化石能源和提高高耗能工业的能效是碳减排的关键措施,二者在2030年的减排贡献分别达到65%和15%。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the