蓖麻花药愈伤组织诱导条件优化

以通蓖5号品种的蓖麻花药为试验材料,研究了不同浓度的蔗糖、不同生长调节剂及pH值对愈伤组织诱导的影响.结果表明,蔗糖在20～40g/L之间均有较高的愈伤诱导率,且随蔗糖浓度的增加而升高;当ZT为3.0mg/L、NAA为1.0mg/L愈伤组织诱导最高;当pH值在6.0时,愈伤组织诱导效果最佳,诱导率达到最高为27.95％,且此时褐化率较低.     

沙枣叶片愈伤组织诱导研究初报

以沙枣叶片作为外植体,以MS为基本培养基,用两种不同浓度激素的组合,筛选5组培养基进行继代愈伤组织及增殖诱导.结果表明,沙枣叶片诱导愈伤组织的最佳培养基为MS 6-BA 0.5 mg/L NAA 1 mg/L kT1 mg/L 2,4-D 2 mL 25 g蔗糖 6 g琼脂(pH=5.5),诱导率达86.67%;以MS 6-BA 0.5 mg/L NAA0.5 mg/L kT1 mg/L 2,4-D 2 mL 25 g蔗糖 6 g琼脂(pH=5.5)作为愈伤组织增殖培养较理想.     

文山三七块根的植物组织培养研究

选择云南文山三七块根为外植体,采用全面实验法或正交实验法,研究组织培养过程中外植体最佳表面消毒方案和最佳愈伤组织诱导、分化生芽、生根方案.试验结果表明,三七块根最佳表面灭菌方案为75%乙醇消毒10 s,再用2%次氯酸钠溶液消毒15 min;最佳愈伤组织诱导培养基为MS+蔗糖30 g/L+琼脂8 g/L+KT1.0mg/L+2,4-D1.0mg/L,批pH=5.8;生芽生根培养基可以选择MS+蔗糖30 g/L+琼脂8 g/L+2,4-D0.5 mg/L+NAA1.0mg/L NAA+6-BA1.0mg/L,pH=5.8.     

中华芦荟成熟叶组织培养的研究

以中华芦荟成熟叶为外植体,接种于9组不同2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)和6-苄基腺嘌呤(6-BA)浓度配比的脱分化培养基中,诱导外植体的脱分化形成愈伤组织。研究表明,中华芦荟叶愈伤组织的最佳培养基为MS+0.5mg/L(2,4-D)+3mg/L(6-BA)+30g/L蔗糖+10g/L琼脂+1.0g/L活性炭;诱导不定芽的适宜培养基为MS+1mg/L(2,4-D)+3mg/L(6-BA)+30g/L蔗糖+10g/L琼脂+0.7g/L活性炭;及诱导生根的适宜培养基为1/2MS+0.2mg/Lα-萘乙酸(NAA)+20g/L蔗糖+10g/L琼脂+0.5g/L活性炭,生根率达100%.     

番茄花药培养愈伤组织诱导及不定芽形成的研究

为了建立番茄花药愈伤组织诱导及分化的实验体系,通过花药离体培养并设计不同的试验处理,以6个番茄品种的花药为试材,研究了植物生长调节剂、蔗糖浓度、硝酸银浓度、基因型和培养基对番茄花药培养愈伤组织诱导率及不定芽形成的影响.结果表明:培养基中添加1.0mg/L的2,4-D和0.5mg/L的KT,里格尔87-5和石番9号愈伤组织诱导率都达最高;培养基中加入30g/L的蔗糖,里格尔87-5的愈伤组织诱导率达20.24%;培养基中加入10μmol/L的硝酸银,花药组织褐化率较对照降低了70.59%,当浓度超过50μmol/L,褐化率增高,出愈率略有降低;不同基因型愈伤组织发生率明显不同,相同培养条件下,里格尔87-5的诱导率高达21.43%,而粉B二号的诱导率仅有0.46%;培养基中加入175g/L的马铃薯汁、0.1%的活性炭,6个材料的愈伤组织平均诱导率较对照分别降低了35.14%、95.48%.番茄花药愈伤组织在MS+6-BA 2mg/L+ZT 0.5mg/L+IAA 0.1mg/L培养基上可再分化成不定芽,不定芽诱导率达15.15%.     

百脉根植株高频再生体系的建立

以百脉根的下胚轴为外植体材料,探究不同激素种类和不同浓度对百脉根愈伤组织的诱导、分化增殖及生根的影响.结果表明:诱导愈伤组织的最佳培养基为:MS+2,4—D 2.0 mg/L+KT 2.0 mg/L+3%蔗糖+0.7%琼脂;诱导愈伤组织分化最佳培养基为:MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L+3%蔗糖+0.7%琼脂;诱导不定芽生根的最佳生根培养基为:MS+NAA 0.01 mg/L+2%蔗糖+0.7%琼脂,生根率达100%;实验建立了一个高频的百脉根再生体系,为百脉根基因工程操作奠定了基础.     

香樟愈伤组织的诱导和改良

以香樟幼嫩茎段为外植体,以MS为基本培养基,以激素和蔗糖质量分数以及pH为实验因子,设计正交实验,探索诱导其愈伤组织的最优培养基.结果表明,培养基为MS+2,4-D 1.5mg/L1+KT1.0mg/L+20 g/L蔗糖,pH为6.0时,愈伤组织诱导率可达89.9%.对所得愈伤组织进行改良,转入到减少硝酸钾质量分数1/4的继代培养基上,其生长旺盛、结构致密,可用于诱导分化.     

红松成熟胚愈伤组织诱导外植体选择及培养条件优化

【目的】通过培养条件的优化和适宜外植体类型的筛选,解决红松成熟胚愈伤组织诱导中存在的愈伤组织诱导率低、生长状态差、褐化率较高等问题,为建立红松成熟胚体胚发生体系奠定基础。【方法】用5种培养基类型、3种蔗糖浓度和9种植物生长调节剂组合,选择8种来源于成熟种子不同部位的外植体,对愈伤组织诱导的培养条件和适宜外植体类型进行优化和筛选。【结果】① 在5种培养基中,DCR培养基上愈伤组织诱导率高于其他培养基、生长状态好于其他培养基; ② 添加在DCR中的3种蔗糖浓度中,35 g/L时的愈伤组织诱导率最高(92.01%)、褐化率最低(17.01%); ③ DCR添加35 g/L蔗糖情况下,9种植物生长调节剂组合中NAA 2.0 mg/L + 6-BA 1.5 mg/L组合的愈伤组织诱导率最高、褐化率最低、生长状态最佳; ④ 在选出的优化培养条件下,8种来源外植体中,从裸胚上切离的下胚轴的愈伤组织诱导率高、褐化率低,且增殖能力强,具备胚性愈伤组织的形态解剖特征。【结论】红松成熟胚愈伤组织诱导的优化培养条件为DCR +蔗糖35 g/L + NAA 2.0 mg/L+ 6-BA 1.5 mg/L,适宜外植体裸胚上切离的下胚轴。     

中间锦鸡儿组织培养体系的建立

以中间锦鸡儿茎段为外植体,建立了它的组织培养体系,具体条件如下:愈伤组织诱导培养基为MS+GA30.15mg/L+6-BA 0.2mg/L+NAA 0.4mg/L+AC 0.1g/L+蔗糖25g/L+琼脂6g/L,愈伤诱导率达33.33%;丛生芽诱导培养基为MS+6-BA 1.0mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L+蔗糖25g/L+琼脂6g/L,诱导率为13.33%;诱导生根培养基为MS+IAA 0.5mg/L+GA30.15mg/L+蔗糖20g/L+琼脂6g/L,生根率达60%;将生根幼苗移至蛭石和营养土体积比为2∶1的基质中,移栽成活率高达100%.     

大通鸡腿葱未受精子房愈伤组织诱导研究

以大通鸡腿葱未受精子房体为试验材料,研究了不同部位的外植体种类、培养基、生长调节剂以及碳源对未受精子房离体培养的影响。结果表明:顶部花蕾即将开放时,以中部花蕾子房体接种后愈伤组织诱导效果明显,诱导率为3.7%;通过对基本培养基筛选,MS基本培养基诱导效果最佳,诱导率为3.26%;最佳愈伤组织诱导培养基生长调节剂水平为MS+2 mg/L 2,4-D+3mg/L 6-BA,愈伤组织诱导率为7.97%;应用蔗糖的效果优于麦芽糖,蔗糖浓度为75 g/L时,愈伤组织诱导率最高为8.71%。不同培养条件对提高愈伤组织诱导率有一定的作用。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.