蒙药黄花列当化学成分的研究

采用硅胶柱色谱法、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱法、薄层层析色谱法对黄花列当(Orobanche pycnostachya Hance)95%乙醇提取物中的化学成分进行研究,分离得到8个化合物,利用化学方法和现代波谱技术以及与文献对照的方法鉴定这些化合物的结构为:二十九烷酸(Ⅰ)、二十六醇(Ⅱ)、β谷甾醇(Ⅲ)、β胡萝卜苷(Ⅳ)、麦角甾苷(Ⅴ)、D 阿洛糖醇(Ⅵ)、2,3,4,6 а D 半乳吡喃糖四甲醚(Ⅶ)、黑风藤苷(Ⅷ).以上化合物均为首次从该植物中获得.     

安顺产半夏化学成分的研究

本文对半夏化学成分进行研究.采用乙醇溶剂提取和硅胶柱层析分离,经过光谱分析鉴定其结构.分离,鉴定了7个化合物,分别为β-谷甾醇(Ⅰ)、胡萝卜苷(Ⅱ)、琥珀酸(Ⅲ)、4-氨基丁酸(Ⅳ)、丙氨酸(Ⅴ)、棕榈酸(Ⅵ)、棕榈酰胺(Ⅶ).其中Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅶ首次从该植物中分离得到.     

款冬花中萜类及甾体化合物的分离与鉴定

分离并鉴定了款冬花(Tussilago farfara L.)中的12个萜类及甾体化合物.实验采用85%的乙醇回流提取,醇提物用石油醚、醋酸乙酯及水饱和正丁醇依次萃取,石油醚和醋酸乙酯萃取液减压浓缩后分别经硅胶柱色谱反复层析,以石油醚-醋酸乙酯及三氯甲烷-甲醇系统梯度洗脱,结合重结晶等方法,从款冬花中分离得到12个化合物,并通过理化检测、质谱及核磁共振等波谱分析方法,鉴定化合物的结构分别为:款冬酮(Ⅰ)、14-acetoxy-7-β(3-ethyl crotonoyloxy)-1-α(2-methyl-butyryloxy)-notonipetranone(Ⅱ)、正三十五烷醇(Ⅲ)、正三十烷醇(Ⅳ)、硬脂酸(Ⅴ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅵ)、麦角甾醇(Ⅶ)、豆甾醇(Ⅷ)、α-菠甾醇(Ⅸ)、豆甾醇-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅹ)、胡萝卜苷(Ⅺ),和α-菠甾醇-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅻ).其中化合物Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ、Ⅸ、Ⅹ、Ⅻ均为首次自款冬属植物中发现.     

箭叶淫羊藿黄酮类化学成分研究

研究箭叶淫羊藿(Epimedium sagittatum.)的化学成分,为阐明其有效成分提供依据.利用硅胶柱色谱、高效液相色谱分离和纯化,通过理化方法及波谱数据分析鉴定其结构.从正丁醇部分得到9个化合物,经波谱鉴定为:淫羊藿苷(Ⅰ)、箭藿苷B(Ⅱ)、2″-O-rhamnosylicariside II(Ⅲ)、淫羊藿苷A(Ⅳ)、箭藿苷A(Ⅴ)、茂藿苷B(Ⅵ)、朝藿定A(Ⅶ)、朝藿定B(Ⅷ)、朝藿定C(Ⅸ).化合物Ⅵ为首次从该植物分离得到.     

细叶石仙桃乙酸乙酯部位化学成分的分离与鉴定

采用硅胶柱色谱、ODS柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱及半制备高效液相色谱等方法对细叶石仙桃进行分离纯化,研究细叶石仙桃乙酸乙酯部位的化学成分,并运用核磁共振波谱法鉴定化合物的结构.结果表明,从细叶石仙桃乙酸乙酯部位分离得到的6种化合物分别是1,5-二羟基-2,7-二甲氧基-9,10-二氢菲(Ⅰ)、佛手柑内酯(Ⅱ)、甲氧基欧芹酚(Ⅲ)、异香草酸(Ⅳ)、阿魏酸二十六酯(Ⅴ)和二十四亚甲基环阿尔廷醇(Ⅵ),且化合物Ⅰ~Ⅴ为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

湖州铁线莲化学成分研究

利用硅胶、ODS、Sephadex LH-20等色谱方法从湖州铁线莲Clematis huchouensis Tamura中分离得到9个化合物,根据理化性质和光谱数据,分别鉴定为正三十一烷醇（Ⅰ）、正二十五烷醇（Ⅱ）、正二十四烷酸（Ⅲ）、β-谷甾醇葡萄糖苷（Ⅳ）、β-豆甾醇葡萄糖苷（Ⅴ）、木犀草素（Ⅵ）、芹菜素（Ⅶ）、liriodendrin（Ⅷ）和芦丁（Ⅸ）.首次报道了湖州铁线莲植物中化学成分的研究,其中化合物Ⅰ和Ⅱ首次从铁线莲属植物中分离得到.     

多粘类芽孢杆菌HY96-2的化学成分

从采自江西南昌郊区土壤的生防菌株多粘类芽孢杆菌HY96-2代谢产物中分离得到8个化合物,其结构分别鉴定为尿嘧啶(Ⅰ)、胸腺嘧啶(Ⅱ)、金雀异黄素(Ⅲ)、5,4'-二羟基-7-甲氧基黄酮(Ⅳ)、2,4-二叔丁基苯酚(Ⅴ)、对羟基苯甲醛(Ⅵ)、棕榈酸(Ⅶ)、内消旋-2,3-丁二醇(Ⅷ).化合物的结构通过IR、NMR、MS等波谱数据分析得到确定,其中化合物Ⅰ～Ⅶ均为首次从该菌中分离得到.     

麻花秦艽化学成分的研究

通过硅胶柱层析及薄层层析方法对甘肃产麻花秦艽(Gentiana straminea Maxim)根醇提物进行分离,得到7个化合物,应用核磁共振等光谱方法及与对照品对照鉴定结构分别为龙胆苦苷(gentiopicroside,Ⅰ),熊果酸(ursolic acid,Ⅱ),胡萝卜苷(β-sitoseteryl-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, Ⅲ),β-D-葡萄糖乙苷(ethyl-β-D-glucopyranoside, Ⅳ),N-正二十五烷-2-羧基苯甲酰胺(N-pentacosy-2-carboxy-benzoylamide,Ⅴ),乌苏醇(uvaol,Ⅵ)和2'-(邻,间-二羟苯甲酰)獐牙菜苷(2'-(o,m-phenylglycin)sweroside,Ⅶ)。其中化合物Ⅳ为从该属中首次分离得到的化合物,化合物Ⅴ,Ⅵ和Ⅶ为该植物中分离得到的化合物。     

蒙椴树叶化学成分的研究

研究了蒙椴(Tilia mongolica Maxim.)树叶的化学成分.运用溶剂萃取、硅胶柱色谱、HPLC和重结晶技术对蒙椴树叶提取成分进行分离和纯化.从树叶提取物分离得到5个化合物,根据化合物的红外光谱和核磁共振谱数据鉴定其结构.其结构鉴定分别为:β-香树脂醇乙酸酯(Ⅰ)、28α-同-β-香树脂醇乙酸酯(Ⅱ)、β-香树脂醇(Ⅲ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅳ)和棕榈酸(Ⅴ).化合物Ⅱ和Ⅴ为首次从本属植物中分离的化合物,其中化合物Ⅱ是一个新化合物.     

薄叶红厚壳根的化学成分研究(Ⅰ)

 利用现代色谱分离技术对薄叶红厚壳Calophyllum membranaceum根的乙醇提取物氯仿部位进行分离纯化,得到8个化合物,分别鉴定为：木栓酮（Friedelin,Ⅰ）、海棠果醇（Canophyllol,Ⅱ）、木栓醇（Epi friedelinol, Ⅲ）、3,4 二羟基苯甲酸（3,4 dihydroxybenzoic acid,Ⅳ）、穗花杉双黄酮（Amentoflavone,Ⅴ）、7 羟基香豆素（7 dihydroxycoumarin,Ⅵ）、紫花前胡苷（Marmesinin,Ⅶ）、紫花前胡苷元（Nodakenetin,Ⅷ）。其中化合物Ⅵ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the