碳氢化合物性质计算：Ⅱ、直链烯烃和直链炔烃的沸点

本文根据分子间相互作用力以及分子结构的特点，得出了直链烃和直链炔烃沸点计算新公式。用该式计算结果表明，对于碳原子数从2到40的范围内，直链烯烃最大误差1．11％，平均误差0．11％，直链烃最大误差0．64％，平均误差0．10％，与文献公式相比，本文公式具有适用范围广，计算结果准确的特点。     

工具材料的高温硬度

6种工业用合金工具钢及7种WC-Co烧结合金维氏硬度(H)与温度(T)关系的研究表明,经淬火—回火二次硬化处理的工具钢,在回火温度以下,可逆软化与温度呈线性关系,且各高速钢可逆软化系数很接近;提出了计算高速钢500℃以下硬度的简易公式。高于回火温度时,工具钢H—T关系复杂化,但直到700℃,影响高温硬度的主要因素仍然是热处理(二次硬化)达到的室温硬度。WC-Co烧结合金的硬度在800℃以下和温度呈线性关系,当Co≤20％时,与钴含量也呈显著的线性关系;提出了由室温硬度或钴含量(3％—20％)计算800℃以下硬度的简易公式。     

X射线衍射谱的一种分峰新技术

采用一种新创立的优化Voigt函数，准确地确定出边带的位置；进一步针对400℃，1080min的CuTi合金衍射谱，在引进两卫星峰相对强度的基础上，由Daniel—Lipson波长公式所计算的调幅组织波长与通过应变衬度条纹测量的波长间的相对误差仅仅是1．35％。这一结果充分地表明Daniel—Lipson波长公式可适用于调幅分解与调幅组织长大的全过程。     

溶剂萃取热力学的研究──TBP-nC_7H_(16)-HNO_3体系热力学平衡常数的测定

本文研究了ＴＢＰ－ｎＣ７Ｈ１６－ＨＮＯ３ 萃取体系在２５℃和１大气压下的分配平衡。萃取剂 ＴＢＰ的浓度变化范围为 ５％－１００％（Ｖ／Ｖ）。用 Ｐｉｔｚｅｒ公式计算了水相硝酸的活度系数，应用诸热力学关系特别是 Ｇｉｂｂｓ－Ｄｕｈｅｍ关系由实验结果导出了有机相中四个组分（溶解水、正庚烷、萃取剂和萃合物）的活度系数，从而求出了萃取反应的热力学平衡常数Ｋａｏ六个萃取剂浓度下独立求得的平衡常数值很接近，可以写作Ｋａ＝０．２６±０．０３。     

滑动轴承无摩擦接触参数的边界元分析

应用边界单元法（ＢＥＭ），对平面应变情况下滑动轴承无摩擦接触时的接触参数进行了分析计算，并与常规Ｈｅｒｔｚ公式计算结果进行了对比。结果表明，用边界单元法可以提高接触参数的计算精度，并妥善解决了Ｈｅｒｔｚ公式计算值偏低的问题。另外在分析了轴承系统尺寸、材料参数及载荷变化因素而进行相应计算的基础上，给出了滑动轴承接触参数计算的经验公式。     

滑动轴承无摩擦接触参数的边界元分析

应用边界单元法（ＢＥＭ），对平面应变情况下滑动轴承无摩擦接触时的接触参数进行了分析计算，并与常规Ｈｅｒｔｚ公式计算结果进行了对比。结果表明，用边界单元法可以提高接触参数的计算精度，并妥善解决了Ｈｅｒｔｚ公式计算值偏低的问题。另外在分析了轴承系统尺寸、材料参数及载荷变化因素而进行相应计算的基础上，给出了滑动轴承接触参数计算的经验公式。     

计算基团电负性的新公式

本文 一个直接利用Ｐａｕｌｉｎｇ原子电负性数据来计算基团电性的新公式、运用本文公式计算了１３８个基团的电负性值，计算得到的基民负性值的变化呈现出明显的规律性。     

中国耕地面积-粮食产量重心迁移轨迹特征及空间错位关系

为了探究粮食资源和耕地利用效率的协调统一，利用2000—2019年中国耕地面积和粮食产量数据，以省域为研究对象，基于重心模型和空间错位指数，系统分析全国耕地面积、粮食产量重心迁移轨迹特征及空间错位关系。结果表明：研究期内耕地面积重心与粮食产量重心变化方向不尽相同，耕地面积重心从河南省博爱县向东北移动，而粮食产量重心则先从河南省舞阳县向东北后再向东向平移；全国的粮食产量和耕地面积主要集中在中水平区和中低水平区，且由东到西呈现正向错位到负向错位的分布特征；耕地面积和粮食产量受资源禀赋影响较大，但经济发展水平、人口、降水量和积温水平等因素也具有一定的推动作用。     

传热系数的简化计算

本交通过传热系数计算式的讨论，得出了传热系数的简化公式，根据B值的大小，定量地给出简化计算应满足的条件，并用实例来验证简化公式的准确性，这种简化计算所产生的误差总是在传热计算的允许误差（＜10％）范围内．     

黑龙江省作物气候生产潜力计算方法的研究

采用作物生长动态模型，利用温度累积和生长季大于或等于１０℃积温计算光合生产潜力，。并提出利用光合作用最适温度和日最高，最低温度，计算温度订正函数及根据水分平衡公式计算水分订正函数，在此基础上利用叠代法计算光合生产潜力，然后然后计算地区气候生产潜力。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with