河流海岸水动力学综合模型

为研究在波浪、潮流及河川径流等多种动力因素共同作用下河口海岸地区的水动力环境,建立了一个河口海岸地区的综合水动力学模型。该综合模型应用了基于改进型Boussinesq方程的近岸模型、基于Saint-Venant方程的河道模型,并考虑了波浪破碎及底部摩擦的影响,将近岸水动力模型和河道水动力学模型进行耦合求解。将该模型用于研究长江口及口内感潮河道径流与潮流的相互作用,涨潮及落潮过程中水流运动。计算所得到的各测站水位、流速及流向与观测资料吻合良好。     

河流海岸水动力学综合模型

为研究在波浪、潮流及河川径流等多种动力因素共同作用下河口海岸地区的水动力环境,建立了一个河口海岸地区的综合水动力学模型。该综合模型应用了基于改进型Boussinesq方程的近岸模型、基于Saint-Venant方程的河道模型,并考虑了波浪破碎及底部摩擦的影响,将近岸水动力模型和河道水动力学模型进行耦合求解。将该模型用于研究长江口及口内感潮河道径流与潮流的相互作用,涨潮及落潮过程中水流运动。计算所得到的各测站水位、流速及流向与观测资料吻合良好。     

多工程和波流耦合作用下养护海滩的地貌演变特征

为探究秦皇岛市戴河口至洋河口岸段海滩在养护工程实施后的地貌演变特征,采用双重嵌套网格技术在验证良好的波流耦合水动力模型基础上建立该海域的泥沙输运及海床演变模型,模型得到了实测资料的良好验证。模型的计算结果及实测剖面资料表明:潮流和常浪耦合下的泥沙分布与潮流和和强浪耦合下的泥沙分布形式一致,平均泥沙浓度及工程前后泥沙浓度增加值落急时刻大于于涨急时刻;工程后沙坝周围出现悬沙高浓度带,常浪时位于沙坝向岸侧,强浪时带位于沙坝向海侧;工程后沙坝处发生侵蚀,沙坝向岸侧发生淤积,沙坝向岸移动,工程在有无风暴潮的情况下均能起到保护海滩的作用。     

北仑河口潮汐汊道稳定性的环境影响因素分析

在自然条件和人类活动的双重影响下,处于中越之间的北仑河口潮汐汊道稳定性问题备受关注。本文基于历史资料与最新的调查结果,分析总结了影响河口潮汐汊道的各类环境因素。自然因素方面,汛期暴雨洪水及其携带的泥沙对塑造河口潮汐通道以及地貌形态起到重要作用;多次调查结果显示,非暴雨时期河口的含沙量较小,潮流动力不强,余流流速不超过10 cm/s;平水期和丰水期的常浪向以及强浪向均为南向波浪,对河口中国一侧浅滩有不利影响;风暴潮增水有利于河口西侧淤积、东侧侵蚀。人为干扰方面,由于越南一方大量开展水利、围垦、造堤连岛等工程建设,局部改变了河口水流流向,尤其是在竹山港西面,主航道深水线偏向中国一侧,这种情况短期内已无法扭转;来水来沙减少、人工采砂以及红树林滥砍滥伐加剧了中国一侧河槽、岸滩侵蚀。维护北仑河口潮汐汊道的稳定性是中越两国合作共赢的共同选择。     

基于Landsat的连云港连岛围填海空间格局演变分析

围填海主要是指通过人为的修建堤坝,填埋土石方等工程来将近陆域的天然海域变为陆地,从而拓展陆域的生存空间和生产空间的一种人类活动。选择连云港连岛及其周边为实验区域,利用1985年与2017年的Landsat影像,运用ENVI 5.1遥感软件,得出连云港市连岛地区32年间围填海面积的变化图。研究表明:基于经济发展以及人文因素的需求,连岛进行了大面积的围填海。     

“滨海河口生态水文过程机制、模型与调控”研究团队介绍

正针对流域水坝工程、滨海围填工程等高强度人类活动造成河口生态系统水文情势变异、生境丧失及生态退化等系列问题,围绕滨海河口生态水文过程-格局-效应交互作用及系统稳定性维持机制的关键科学问题,着重研究滨海河口盐沼湿地、滩涂湿地与近海水域水动力-地貌过程、生物种群格局、群落演替过程及规律,发展滨海河口水动力-地貌-生物格局交互作用模型,阐释滨海河口水文过程影响下的生态格局     

舟山潮流能示范工程水轮机组选址与阵列优化

通过OpenTidalFarm开源代码建立浙江舟山潮流能示范工程海域的水动力数值模型,结合实测数据对其进行验证。模型中通过增加局部底摩擦的方法概化了潮流能水轮机对水动力环境的影响,利用迭代算法快速优化水轮机阵列。结果表明,阵列优化后的舟山潮流能示范工程水轮机组提取的潮流能比其初始布局时提高了15.2%,说明水轮机布局对潮流能提取量有很大的影响。     

建闸河口整治工程与河床演变特征研究

建闸河口整治工程引起的河床演变调整十分复杂.基于验证好的潮流、泥沙输运及河床演变模型分析了双龙河口整治一期工程和二期工程后水动力和河床演变的响应特征.结果表明,闸下河道水动力变化和河道冲淤分布与局部浚深拓宽及纳潮量增加有密切联系.若仅对河道上段局部河道进行整治,浚深拓宽段的涨落潮不对称现象加剧,局部产生回流区.若以固定坡降对整条河道进行整治,则涨落潮流速显著增加且不对称性减小.纳潮量增加在工程初期会引起口门段冲刷,而局部拓宽段会因流速相对减小而产生淤积,特别是在回流区淤积严重.因此为延长工程寿命,尚需辅以定期开闸放水和局部清淤等措施.     

建闸河口整治工程与河床演变特征

建闸河口整治工程引起的河床演变调整十分复杂.基于验证好的潮流、泥沙输运及河床演变模型分析了双龙河口整治一期工程和二期工程后水动力和河床演变的响应特征.结果表明,闸下河道水动力变化和河道冲淤分布与局部浚深拓宽及纳潮量增加有密切联系.若仅对河道上段局部河道进行整治,浚深拓宽段的涨落潮不对称现象加剧,局部产生回流区.若以固定坡降对整条河道进行整治,则涨落潮流速显著增加且不对称性减小.纳潮量增加在工程初期会引起口门段冲刷,而局部拓宽段会因流速相对减小而产生淤积,特别是在回流区淤积严重.因此为延长工程寿命,尚需辅以定期开闸放水和局部清淤等措施.     

围垦工程对温州近海及河口水动力的影响

基于温州近海及河口二维水流数值计算模式,以2002年为基准水平年(现状),针对温州市近期、中期和远期围垦工程,从水(潮)位、流速和潮量3个方面探讨了围垦工程对近海及河口水动力的影响.计算结果表明:近、中期围垦工程实施后,洪季和枯季时瓯江口内最高潮位均略有减小,北口的涨、落潮量均增大3%～4%左右,而落潮总量和平均流速基本没有变化.远期工程尤其是瓯江南口围垦工程实施后,瓯江口内最高潮位洪季时增大而枯季时减小,涨、落潮最大流速均有所增大,北口潮量变化较为明显,枯季时潮量减少10%左右,鳌江口、飞云江口附近的落潮流速略有增大,而涨潮流速略有减小.南口围垦工程对瓯江口内潮位和涨落潮流速变化的影响最为明显,对维护北口的深水航道有一定的益处,但也要进一步加强对瓯江北口两岸岸滩稳定性的监测.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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