露出型钢柱脚低多层钢框架结构动力响应机理

针对露出型钢柱脚低多层钢框架动力响应机理不明确,首先定义考虑变动轴力影响的露出型钢柱脚滑移型滞回曲线模型;以框架形状、露出型钢柱脚强度系数为主要研究参量,建立13个低多层规则钢框架模型;通过弹塑性时程分析,研究动力响应.研究结果表明:随着露出型钢柱脚强度系数变小,各模型首层位移角增大,而第2层层间位移角减小;露出型钢柱脚强度系数≤0.6时,3层规则钢框架模型首层变形集中较大,6层规则钢框架模型最大层间位移分布较均匀;3层模型塑性变形能量主要集中于首层梁端,6层规则钢框架模型塑性变形能量向各层趋于均匀分布;露出型钢柱脚动力响应滞回曲线的形状和屈服弯矩等较好地吻合所提出的露出型钢柱脚滑移型滞回曲线模型.     

外露式钢柱脚力学特性对多层钢框架动力响应机理的影响

为了研究外露式钢柱脚力学特性对多层钢框架动力响应机理的影响,首先定义外露式钢柱脚滑移型滞回曲线模型,以首层剪重比及钢柱脚强度系数等为主要研究参数,建立6个简单规则的6层钢框架模型;通过时程分析,研究各模型的动力响应。分析表明:在罕遇地震作用下,各模型各层最大层间位移角分布较均匀,外露式钢柱脚强度变化和首层剪重比提高5%等对各模型各层R值的最大值无明显影响。随模型柱脚强度系数减小及首层剪重比提高,首层塑性变形能量比例减小,而3～6层塑性变形能量比例增大;总体上塑性变形能量向各层分散。地震输入能量和结构塑性变形能量的大小与各模型的强柱系数及外露式钢柱脚强度系数等变化无关;主要取决于结构第一周期。钢柱脚滞回曲线动力响应和本文建立的外露式钢柱脚滑移型滞回曲线模型较吻合。     

基于能量平衡规律研究低层钢框架结构损伤分布机理

针对低层钢框架损伤分布机理不明确,以钢框架的强柱系数、柱脚形式及首层剪重比为主要研究参量,建立16个典型低层钢框架模型;通过强震作用下的弹塑性时程分析,基于能量平衡原理研究低层钢框架楼层以及构件的损伤分布机理.研究结果表明:罕遇地震输入能量的80%以上靠钢框架构件塑性变形来吸收;低层钢框架首层变形集中,为防止首层破坏,柱脚刚接时强柱系数要求1.7以上,柱脚铰接时,建议强柱系数大于2.当强柱系数大于3时,各层层间位移分布基本均匀,然而刚接梁地震需求性能增大,在设计中对梁高的控制及梁柱节点连接的工艺要求较高.     

强柱系数对多层钢框架结构动力响应的影响

为明确强柱系数的大小和不同定义形式对典型多层钢框架结构动力响应的影响,以不同强柱系数值(0. 9～1. 5)和不同定义形式(结构层定义、结构的柱梁节点定义)为研究参量,设计柱脚刚接的典型多层钢框架结构模型,通过强震下的动力时程分析,研究结构模型的最大层间位移、最大层间位移角集中率及构件的塑性变形能量等变化规律。通过研究发现,随着强柱系数的减小,各模型最大层间位移变形及构件塑性变形能量呈现向首层集中的趋势,强柱系数≤1. 2且按柱梁节点设计的模型尤其明显,其位移角集中率也较大;而强柱系数≥1. 5的模型塑性变形能量基本分布于梁,且分散于1～6层。各模型的地震输入能量速度换算值和塑性变形能量速度换算值大小取决于结构模型的基本周期,与强柱系数大小和定义形式无关。     

柱脚铰接的常规多层钢框架静动力分析

为明确柱脚铰接的常规多层钢框架结构的静动力性能,基于不同国家的抗震规范,建立不同设计方式(层设计、柱梁节点设计)和不同值强柱系数的柱脚铰接常规多层钢框架结构模型.采用平面框架组合非线性分析对模型进行静动力分析,研究模型的破坏机制、最大层间反应及结构构件滞回曲线.结果表明:强柱系数为1.2的模型,按柱梁节点设计时结构形成局部破坏机制,按层设计时结构形成整体破坏机制;而强柱系数≥1.5的模型结构均形成整体破坏机制.强柱系数≤1.2的模型,按层设计可使常规多层钢框架结构的层间损伤得到缓和;各模型柱端塑性变形能量随强柱系数增大而减小,梁端塑性变形能量则随强柱系数增大而增大.研究结果可为钢框架结构设计提供最基础的参考数据,为钢结构设计工程服务.     

连体位置及刚度变化对双塔楼地震响应的影响

双塔楼连体结构中的连接体使得原来彼此独立的单体变成了整体,结构的动力特性和抗震性能发生了很大变化。文章建立一对称双塔楼连体结构的空间模型,然后通过变化连体的位置和刚度,并用有限元分析软件SAP2000进行地震反应的线性时程分析,研究连体对结构的基本自振周期、顶层位移、基底剪力的影响,最后比较分析结果得出连体最优的位置及刚度。     

连接体刚度对连体位移响应影响的平稳随机振动分析

基于架空连体结构受力特点,将连体结构的串并联质点系层模型采用"等效分解"的新思路分解为单体和连接体两部分.运用林家浩提出的虚拟激励法,求出单体在连体位置的自谱值,以单体的自谱响应作为连接体多点完全相干的平稳随机激励,得出在平稳随机响应下连体位移响应方差的解析表达式,对连接体在不同连接刚度、阻尼作用下的位移方差响应进行详细讨论,发现连体刚度、阻尼变化对连接体位移响应方差在一定范围内有较大的影响.     

双塔连体结构的动力分析

本文对一典型的双塔连体结构实例,利用ANSYS软件,对不同的连体位置和连接刚度的模型进行了模态分析和振型分解反应谱分析,得出连体位置和连体刚度变化时对整个结构动力的影响,并探讨了不同的振型参与组合阶数对结构动力的影响。     

连接性能对组合框架抗倒塌性能的影响

梁柱连接是内力重分配的关键构件,其性能会对结构的抗连续倒塌能力带来显著的影响.文中建立了三层钢-混凝土组合框架的有限元模型,对其进行了动力拆柱分析,分别研究了连接刚度和强度对于组合框架抗倒塌性能的影响.结果表明:连接刚度和强度对于边跨层间组合效应的影响要大于对内跨悬索作用的影响;连接刚度对于梁中轴力的发展程度具有明显影响;连接性能的改变不会影响各楼层间的独立承载;连接性能的改善可以减小内力重分配过程对于边界约束条件的依赖程度.     

带消能节点的梁柱式木结构民宅的抗震性能

以Q235钢制作的消能节点,将规格木材组合成的梁、柱连接成具有较大抗侧刚度的延性框架体系.该结构不使用我国传统木结构的榫卯连接,节点不削弱木构件,故具有更高的承载力;不需要北美轻型木结构体系中的墙体提供抗侧刚度,因而结构布置灵活,且节省材料.对采用该节点的木框架结构示范工程进行了结构分析和足尺节点的拟静力试验.结果表明:节点通过钢板的塑性变形消耗能量,具有良好的耗能能力;在考虑频遇地震作用参与的荷载标准组合作用时,结构的变形能满足现行建筑抗震设计规范的相关要求;在罕遇地震作用时,框架的弹塑性变形集中在消能节点上,层间相对弹塑性角位移小于1/50,达到我国现行规范抗震设防的目标.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that