三峡库区旅游生态环境问题及可持续旅游对策

近20年来,随着旅游业的快速发展和社会经济人口的压力,以生态环境可持续发展为基础的可持续旅游成为人类关注的热点.三峡是我国最著名的旅游区之一,近年来其旅游生态环境问题日益凸显.科学分析三峡地区脆弱的旅游生态环境及三峡工程引发的生态问题是促进库区可持续旅游发展的前提.调查分析表明,库区目前主要的旅游生态环境问题有:自然灾害、水土流失、蓄水引发的地质灾害、旅游资源消失、水质恶化、库岸消落带、"三废"排放及移民所产生的生态压力等.基于这种旅游生态环境条件及可持续旅游的系统性要求,提出促进库区可持续旅游的建议:1)推进库区旅游生态环境建设;2)创新旅游开发理念;3)开展旅游区旅游生态环境保护的科研工作:4)加强环保教育、转变观念等.     

三峡库区农村移民安置新模式初探--关于兴建"移民城"安置农村移民的思考

三峡库区农村移民现有安置方式因受环境容量和移民心态等诸方面的制约,安置量受到限制.若解决不好农村移民的去向,将会出现长期的社会问题.农村移民城市安置,实现非农化转移是很有必要的.兴建"移民城"组团式安置农村移民,集中实现非农化转移,无论是对农村移民的生活水平的提高,对库区社会的稳定,还是对土地资源的开发,移民资金的利用,以及库区生态环境的保护和区域经济的合理布局,都有着积极而深远的意义.     

GIS环境下基于GDEM的丹江口库区流域自动提取方法的研究

小流域是一个相对完整的生态过程单元,以小流域为研究单元,可以从中观尺度认识库区的地理规律,从而推动库区的生态环境治理和生态环境建设.研究区域选择丹江口库区,以30 m分辨率的DEM为数据源,采用ESRI公司开发的ArcGIS软件,研究流域的自动提取的方法.先对DEM数据进行填洼和削峰的预处理;再经过水流方向的确定,汇流...     

漫湾库区生态变化及其原因

 漫湾库区多陡坡,断层发育,地表破碎,雨量集中,生态环境较为脆弱,易退化.通过实地调查及野外资料分析,介绍了该库区生态退化的几个表现:①景观变化,原994m以下河谷地带的村落、耕地、陆生动植物全部被淹没,在1000～1800m的谷坡地带,原有林地、草地、坡度稍缓的地方,均被新开垦的坡耕地和新建的聚落环境所取代.生态环境较以前脆弱,但因蓄水后库区水热配置条件的改变,使1000～1300m地带的植被条件变好,促进了库区植被的恢复;②1984年以后,库区及上游地区地表水土流失加剧,长系列年径流量含沙量增加36.6%,年输沙量增加37.3%;③库容损害严重,1998年调查,水库建成的3年时间里,总库容淤损率已达到原设计标准的第5年水平,有效库容淤损率已达到15年的水平;④水土流失、滑坡、泥石流、山地洪水、崩塌等山地灾害频繁.并进一步分析了造成生态退化的人为因素,认为:①建库后坡地开垦,造成库区植被的减少,以及水土流失的加剧;②水库蓄放水造成库周边稳定性变弱,引起崩塌和滑坡;③因公路、水沟等水库相关工程设施建设引起泥石流等山地灾害;④库外上游环境恶化是库区泥沙、水质生态环境的重要影响因素.最后,例举库区生态环境恶化对地方生产、生活以及水库工程本身造成危害,提出库区生态环境治理和维护的对策:①对库区内生态环境严重退化地区的环境贫困人口和受滑坡、泥石流等山地灾害危害的人口,必须移民到库区外进行安置,以减少环境压力.目前,库区属于此方面影响的人口约1000人,需要重新安置费约3000万元;②以小流域为生态单元,将土地合理利用、灾害治理和社区发展相结合,进行小流域综合治理,重点在南涧公郎河和风庆黑河小流域;③加大库周移民安置区重点山地灾害危害区的工程治理;④提高漫湾电厂库维资金的额度,直接用于库区移民安置区的绿化工程建设、农村能源建设和扶贫开发建设;⑤治理库区外大理市及兰坪县境内的水污染企业,改善入流水质;⑥结合小湾大型电站的建设,加大澜沧江中上游干流河谷两岸的天然林建设和水土流失治理.     

恢复生态学在隔河岩库区消落带生态修复中的应用

本文针对库区消落带的特点和生态恢复的目标,以恢复生态学的相关基本理论知识为指导,对隔河岩库区消落带进行了生态恢复,实践结果表明示范地的生态恢复模式能够恢复隔河岩库区消落带的生态功能、保护生物多样性及改善库区生态环境,为日后三峡库区其他相关消落带的生态治理提供一定的参考.     

浅议西峡县水土保持治理与生态建设

西峡县属南水北调水源区丹江口库区水土保持重点区域,水土流失严重,通过对区域内小流域综合治理和生态修复建设,成功探索出了一套有效的治理模式,为优化丹江口库区生态环境、改善生态环境提供宏观决策和参考依据,对促进当地生态环境改善、经济发展有着十分重要的意义。     

“三峡库区”发展低碳经济的战略思考

三峡库区的移民安稳致富、生态环境建设和社会经济的协调发展是三峡建设工程完成后急需关注的重大现实问题。目前库区人地、就业和生态矛盾突出,要保护生态环境必须走低碳发展之路。建议首先大力发展低碳旅游产业：有效规划库区旅游资源,培育低碳旅游产业群,打造库区低碳交通走廊,营销库区特色产业;其次适宜发展低碳种植业：适宜发展经济作物,挖掘碳汇种植潜力,搭建国内碳交易市场;最后构建库区农村低碳生活消费体系,把三峡库区建成我国低碳经济发展的示范区。     

三峡库湾香溪河生态环境研究进展

香溪河流域系长江三峡水库湖北省库区最大的支流,三峡水库蓄水后,形成了库区首段回水顶托的缓流库湾,因而改变了水动力学参数,使该支流的生态环境也发生了改变.综述了三峡库湾香溪河在三峡工程蓄水前后的水体及库岸生态环境的变化,引用参考文献27篇.     

三峡库区旅游生态环境问题及可持续旅游对策 (三峡地区资源环境生态研究)

"近20年来,随着旅游业的快速发展和社会经济人口的压力,以生态环境可持续发展为基础的可持续旅游成为人类关注的热点。三峡是我国最著名的旅游区之一,近年来其旅游生态环境问题日益凸显。科学分析三峡地区脆弱的旅游生态环境及三峡工程引发的生态问题是促进库区可持续旅游发展的前提。调查分析表明,库区目前主要的旅游生态环境问题有：自然灾害、水土流失、蓄水引发的地质灾害、旅游资源消失、水质恶化、库岸消落带“、三废”排放及移民所产生的生态压力等。基于这种旅游生态环境条件及可持续旅游的系统性要求,提出促进库区可持续旅游的建议：1）推进库区旅游生态环境建设;2）创新旅游开发理念;3）开展旅游区旅游生态环境保护的科研工作;4）加强环保教育、转变观念等。"
     

三峡库区生态环境保护与经济社会发展之关系

生态环境与经济社会发展之间的关系极为密切。保护生态环境,就是保护人类自身,三峡库区所处特殊地理位置,使其生态环境状况不仅对库区未来经济社会发展将产生最直接的影响,而且也必将对长江中下游,乃至对整个中国未来经济社会发展产生重大而深远的影响．为此,必须采取最切实、最有力的措施去治理和保护库区生态环境。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that