溶胶凝胶和超临界干燥法制备纳米TiO2粉体

以钛酸丁酯（Ti(OR)4)为原料,采用溶胶凝胶法及超临界流体干燥技术制备了纳米TiO2粉体。采用正交设计法研究了操作条件反应的影响,筛选出了最佳工艺条件。TEM检测表明,优化条件下制得的二氧化钛粉体粒径为11－12．3nm,且随热处理温度的升高粒径变化不大,但团聚加重。XRD结果表明,当热处理温度为500℃时晶粒为锐钛型;当煅烧温度为800℃时晶粒转化为金红石型。BET结果表明,二氧化钛气凝胶颗粒的比表面积可高达556m^2/g;但随煅烧温度的升高,比表面积下降迅速;在500℃时,比表面积只有94．6m^2/g。     

纳米二氧化钛光催化性能的研究

研究了纳米二氧化钛的光催化性能,并对工业废水中有机污染物进行处理,筛选出最佳的光催化工艺条件。利用锐钛型纳米二氧化钛作催化剂,其用量为３． ０～４．０ ｇ· Ｌ－１。废水经处理,可达到国家允许排放标准。     

高比表面积TiO_2纳米颗粒的制备及光催化性能研究

以钛酸四丁酯为钛源,采用流变相法制备出了具有高比表面积的二氧化钛（TiO2）纳米颗粒.采用X射线衍射仪（XRD）,扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和比表面积及孔径分析仪（BET）对TiO2的晶型、形貌及比表面积进行了表征,结果显示产物为锐钛矿型,平均粒径约为8.4 nm,比表面积为423.7 m2/g.光催化实验表明,样品在可见光（λ〉420 nm）下反应180 min后,能将罗丹明B（RhB）降解95%左右.     

亚临界干燥制备Sio2气凝胶

以Ｅ－４０（多聚硅氧烷）为硅源,ＨＦ为催化剂,采用异丁醇为干燥介质,用溶胶凝胶法在亚临界条件下制备了ＳｉＯ２气凝胶,用扫描电子显微镜（ＳＥＭ）、孔径分布测定仪、比表面积测试（ＢＥＴ）等方法对其微结构进行了研究,结果表明,所制备的ＳｉＯ２气凝胶具有纳米网络结构（平均颗粒大小约１０ｎｍ,平均孔径为１４．５ｎｍ）和大比表面积（约７０８．３ｍ＾２．ｇ＾－１）。由于亚临界干燥使得制备压力从６．４ＭＰａ降低到     

溶胶凝胶和超临界干燥法制备纳米TiO_2粉体

以钛酸丁酯 (Ti(OR) 4 )为原料 ,采用溶胶凝胶法及超临界流体干燥技术制备了纳米TiO2 粉体。采用正交设计法研究了操作条件对反应的影响 ,筛选出了最佳工艺条件。TEM检测表明 ,优化条件下制得的二氧化钛粉体粒径为 11～ 12 .3nm ,且随热处理温度的升高粒径变化不大 ,但团聚加重。XRD结果表明 ,当热处理温度为 5 0 0℃时晶粒为锐钛型 ;当煅烧温度为 80 0℃时晶粒转化为金红石型。BET结果表明 ,二氧化钛气凝胶颗粒的比表面积可高达5 5 6m2 /g ;但随煅烧温度的升高 ,比表面积下降迅速 ;在 5 0 0℃时 ,比表面积只有 94 .6m2 /g。     

水性聚氨酯防污涂料的海洋细菌附着实验

利用平板计数法、扫描电镜等实验研究了海洋细菌在三种水性聚氨酯防污涂层上的附着.结果表明,PTFE和锐钛型纳米二氧化钛均对海洋细菌的附着有抑制作用.随着PTFE和锐钛型纳米二氧化钛在涂层配方中的含量增加,涂层防止海洋细菌附着的能力增强,并且二者协同作用时效果更好.     

TiO2纳米粉体的制备及光催化活性

以钛酸四丁酯为原料,采用溶胶－凝胶过程超临界干燥法制备了ＴｉＯ２纳米粉 ,并通过ＸＲＤ,ＢＥＴ,ＴＥＭ等方法对所得样品进行了表征,制备的ＴｉＯ２气凝胶具有很高的比表面积（４８８ｍ＾２．ｇ＾－１）,平均粒径为４．６ｎｍ,具有锐钛矿型晶体结构,经５００℃煅烧２ｈ所得的纳米粉体,锐钛矿型晶体结构更为明显,平均粒径６．７ｎｍ,比表面积１５８ｍ＾２．ｇ＾－１。     

超声波强化均匀沉淀法制备纳米TiO2

为了改善纳米TiO2的分散性能和细化其颗粒尺寸,采用超声波强化均匀沉淀法制备纳米TiO2.首先以工业级硫酸氧钛为原料,用均匀沉淀法制备纳米TiO2,通过对比试验来反映超声波对于制备纳米TiO2的影响.然后采用BET比表面积与孔隙度分析、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射分析研究了超声波的强化作用.试验结果表明:超声波的强化作用具有明显的细化颗粒尺寸的作用;能增加纳米TiO2的比表面积、孔容积与孔径;能改善分散度,使颗粒粒径分布范围变窄.通过均匀沉淀过程能直接获得纯锐钛型纳米TiO2,而无需经过特定温度的煅烧定型,超声波作用对产物晶型无影响.     

硅气凝胶超细粉的室温制备及结构研究

利用溶胶凝胶法经室温超临界干燥（ＳＣＤ）制备出具有ｎｍ结构的硅气凝胶超细粉,研究了硅气凝胶超细粉的化学组成和微观结构．实验结果表明,硅气凝胶超细粉的平均粒径约为４μｍ,而这些微粒则是由直径为１０～１００ｎｍ的ＳｉＯ２原粒子和孔径为１０～９０ｎｍ的气孔构成的．在硅气凝胶中含有一定量的羟基,具有较强的吸附性,比表面积高达５４６ｍ２·ｇ－１．     

纳米二氧化钛光催化剂形态和活性的研究

应用微乳液反应法合成水合 Ｔｉ Ｏ２ ,经煅烧获得纳米 Ｔｉ Ｏ２ 粒子．采用 Ｔ Ｅ Ｍ 、 Ｘ Ｒ Ｄ、 Ｂ Ｅ Ｔ 比表面积测试等手段对粒子进行表征．结果表明,经６５０ ℃煅烧后粒子为锐钛矿型,平均晶粒尺寸为２４．６ ｎｍ ,比表面积为５３．８ ｍ ２ ／ｇ,经１０００ ℃煅烧后粒子为金红石型,平均晶粒尺寸为５３．５ ｎｍ ,比表面积为２０．３ ｍ ２ ／ｇ．考察 Ｔｉ Ｏ２ 粒子晶型对光催化降解苯酚溶液活性的影响,结果表明锐钛矿型纳米 Ｔｉ Ｏ２ 光催化活性最高     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-