共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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TIE Yi HU Zheng Lü GuiXiang FU HanJiang XING RuiYun ZHU Jie SUN ZhiXian & ZHENG XiaoFei * Department of Biochemistry Molecular Biology Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine Beijing China Department of Biochemistry Molecular Biology Basic Medical Science College Harbin Medical University Harbin China Received June accepted August 《科学通报(英文版)》2011,56(30):3172-3177
Ionizing radiation (IR) causes severe cellular damage both directly and indirectly and disrupts RNA integrity. RNA strand breaks are the most frequent type of damage caused by IR. RNA damage is involved in the development of degenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. However, the mechanism of mRNA damage and any resulting pathophysiological outcomes are poorly understood. This is partly because there is a lack of sensitive tools to monitor damage randomly occurring in RNA,... 相似文献
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H. HASHIZUME 《复旦学报(自然科学版)》2005,44(5):686-687
Because of their ability to adsorb, concentrate and catalyze the polymerization of organic molecules, clay minerals might have played a key role in the molecular origins of life. RNA is one of the most important biopolymers in the early earth (RNA world) since protein and DNA appear to have derived later from RNA. The unit nucleotide in RNA consists of a purine or pyrimidine base, a ribose and a phosphate group. 相似文献
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A major portion of the mammalian genome is transcribed to produce large numbers of noncoding RNAs(ncRNAs).During the past decade,the discovery of small RNAs,including the microRNAs(miRNA) and small interfering RNAs(siRNA),has led to important advances in biology.The breadth of the ncRNA field of study has substantially expanded and many recent results have revealed a range of functions that can be attributed to the miRNAs and other ncRNAs.For example,H19 RNA,HOTAIR RNA,transcribed ultraconserved regions(T-UCRs),natural antisense RNA,transfer RNA and mitochondrial noncoding RNA have been suggested to play important roles in cancers and other diseases as well as in diverse cellular processes.In this review,we focus on the current status of several classes of ncRNAs associated with cancer with the emphasis on those that are not microRNAs. 相似文献
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To investigate the biological roles of STAT3 in the regulation of growth and differentiation of leukemia cells, we modified a murine myeloid leukemia cell line Ml with STAT3 antisense RNA. The effects of STAT3 antisense RNA on the growth arrest and terminal differentiation of Ml cells induced by interleukin 6 (IL-6) were determined. It was found that STAT3 antisense RNA blocked the activation of STAT3, and reduced the growth arrest and terminal differentiation of IL-6-induced Ml leukemia cells. These results indicate that STAT3 activation is a necessary process for IL-6-induced growth arrest of Ml cells and for the differentiation of Ml cells into macrophage. 相似文献
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A simple and effective method for total RNA isolation of appressoria in Magnaporthe oryzae
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Appressorium formation is an important event in establishing a successful interaction between the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, and its host plant, rice. An understanding of molecular events occurring in appressorium differentiation will give new strategies to control rice blast. A quick and reliable method to extract total RNA from appressorium is essential for studying gene expression during appressorium formation and its mechanism. We found that duplicate film is an efficient substratum for appressorium formation, even when inoculated with high density conidia. When inoculated with conidia at 1 × 106 ml^-1, the percentages of conidium germination and appressorium formation were (97.98±0.67)% and (97.88±0.45)%, respectively. We applied Trizol before appressorium collection for total RNA isolation, and as much as 113.6 lag total RNA was isolated from the mature appressoria at 24 h after inoculation. Functional analysis of two genes, MNH6 and MgATG1, isolated from the cDNA subtractive library, revealed that the quantity of RNA was good enough to construct a cDNA (complementary DNA) library or a cDNA subtractive library. This method may be also applicable for the appressorium RNA isolation of other pathogenic fungi in which conidia differentiate into appressoria in the early stages of host infection. 相似文献
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Animals interact with their environments all the time, and must react to all kinds of factors present in the environments. Environmen- tal RNA interference refers to the phenomenon that exogenous RNA molecules can enter cells of certain animal species and inter- fere with gene expression of these animals. These exogenous RNAs may be molecules in animal food, or may be present in the living environment from other sources. Molecular pathways for the cell entry of environmental RNAs and further for their func- tionality in gene interference have started to be revealed in the animal model Caenorhabditis elegans. Here we highlight some known examples of environmental RNA interference (RNAi) in animals and introduce the molecular mechanisms underneath. 相似文献
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LIU FuXiu ZHAO Qin RUAN XiaoLei HE YunWei LI HuaPing 《科学通报(英文版)》2008,53(3):362-369
Rice gall dwarf virus (RGDV) is an important rice pathogen in China and Southeast Asia. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of RGDV interactions with plant cells. Here, we have identified an RGDV protein, Pns11, which acts as a suppressor of RNA silencing in coinfiltration assays with the reporter, green fluorescent protein (GFP)in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c carrying GFP. Pns11 suppressed local and systemic silencing induced by sense RNA. The spread of mobile RNA silencing signals was blocked or inactivated by Pns11. Expression of Pns11 also enhanced Potato virus X pathogenicity in IV. benthamiana. This suppressor could reduce, but not eliminate, siRNA in the local and systemic RNA silencing suppression assays, suggesting that Pns11 functions by interfering with initial stages of RNA silencing. 相似文献
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《科学通报(英文版)》2008,(21)
RNA silencing has been shown to function in the plant antivirus defense response,leading to viral RNA degradation induced by vsiRNA-containing RISC cleavage activity.Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV) 3′UTR sequences share a high conservation of nucleotide sequence and secondary structures that are important for CMV replication.Here,in an attempt to simultaneously target the multiple genomic and subgenomic RNAs of CMV for degradation,CMV 3′UTR were used to design hairpin RNA(hpRNA) to transform tobacco(Xanthi.nc) so as to constitutively produce viral siRNAs.Most of the transgenic plants expressing CMV Q strain(Q-CMV,subgroup Ⅱ strain) RNA3 3′UTR-derived hpRNA showed de-layed resistance to Q-CMV infection and exhibited recovery phenotypes.Compared with Q-CMV-in-oculated leaves,the upper leaves showed weak or no disease symptoms and a reduced accumulation level of viral RNAs.Together with transient assays,our results indicate that the 3′UTR-derived siRNAs were biologically active in targeting viral RNA for degradation.Recovery resistance in transgenic plants was also observed against subgroup IB strain SD-CMV infection,indicating a broad-spectrum anti-CMV effect of the 3′UTR-based antiviral silencing.Northern blot assays indicated that there was no strong correlation between the degree of resistance and the accumulation level of 3′UTR-derived siRNAs,suggesting that to target a highly structured RNA,such as the CMV 3′UTR,the quantity of siRNAs may not be the only determinant of silencing efficiency.Target RNA secondary structures may also affect target accessibility,siRNA-containing RISC-target recognition and the consequent antiviral effect. 相似文献
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RNA silencing has been shown to function in the plant antivirus defense response, leading to viral RNA degradation induced by vsiRNA-containing RISC cleavage activity. Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) 3′UTR sequences share a high conservation of nucleotide sequence and secondary structures that are important for CMV replication. Here, in an attempt to simultaneously target the multiple genomic and subgenomic RNAs of CMV for degradation, CMV 3′UTR were used to design hairpin RNA (hpRNA) to transform tobacco (Xanthi. nc) so as to constitutively produce viral siRNAs. Most of the transgenic plants expressing CMV Q strain (Q-CMV, subgroup Ⅱ strain) RNA3 3′UTR-derived hpRNA showed delayed resistance to Q-CMV infection and exhibited recovery phenotypes. Compared with Q-CMV-inoculated leaves, the upper leaves showed weak or no disease symptoms and a reduced accumulation level of viral RNAs. Together with transient assays, our results indicate that the 3′UTR-derived siRNAs were biologically active in targeting viral RNA for degradation. Recovery resistance in transgenic plants was also observed against subgroup IB strain SD-CMV infection, indicating a broad-spectrum anti-CMV effect of the 3′UTR-based antiviral silencing. Northern blot assays indicated that there was no strong correlation between the degree of resistance and the accumulation level of 3′UTR-derived siRNAs, suggesting that to target a highly structured RNA, such as the CMV 3′UTR, the quantity of siRNAs may not be the only determinant of silencing efficiency. Target RNA secondary structures may also affect target accessibility, siRNA-containing RISC-target recognition and the consequent antiviral effect. 相似文献
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LI Shuchao 《自然科学进展(英文版)》2004,14(11):1019-1022
Any RNA strand can be presented by a word in the language X*, where X={A,C,G,U}. By encoding A as 010, C as 000, G as 111, and U as 101, the RNA operations can be considered as the performance of concatenation, union, reverse, complement, in terms of the algebraic characterization. The concatenation and union play the roles of multiplication and addition over some algebraic structures, respectively. The rest of the operations turn out to be the homomorphisms or anti-homomorphisms of these algebraic structures. Using this technique, we find the relationship among these RNA operations. 相似文献
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ZHUXiaojuan ZENGXianlu SONGZhaoxia HAOShui 《科学通报(英文版)》2004,49(12):1207-1211
Actin is a protein abundant in cells. Recently, it has been proved to be universally existent in the nuclei of many cell types. Actin and actin-binding proteins, as well as aetin-related proteins, are necessary for the mediation of the conformation and function of nuclear actin, including the transformation of actin between unpolymerized and polymerized, chromatin remodeling, regulation of gene expression and RNA processing as well as RNA transportation. In this paper, we summarized the progresses in the research of nuclear actin. 相似文献
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A novel intronic small nucleolar RNA ( snoRNA) , termed Z25, was identified from mammals by-computer analysis and experimental sequence methods. Z25 is a 69 nucleotides long RNA containing typical boxC/D motifs, terminal stem and an 11-nucleotide sequence complementary to 18S rRNA. In theory, Z25 functions as an RNA guide for the 2'-0-ribose methylation of adenine at position 1678 (human 18S rRNA coordinate) in 18S rRNA. Z25 snoRNA gene was found to be located in the fifth intron of nucleolin gene of human, mouse and rat, demonstrating that the mammalian nucleoline gene is a host gene encoding multiple snoRNAs. 相似文献
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