改性纳米羟基锡酸锌的制备及表征

用共沸蒸馏方法制备了纳米ZnSn(OH)6颗粒,然后在共沸蒸馏纳米ZnSn(OH)6-正丁醇的体系中,直接加入硬脂酸制备了改性纳米ZnSn(OH)6颗粒.用XRD、TEM、FTIR和TG/DTA等对这种纳米颗粒的形貌和结构进行了表征,所得表面改性纳米ZnSn(OH)6的大小为60~80nm.并对改性机理进行了初步探讨.把改性纳米颗粒加在软质PVC中,和微米级产品相比,其氧指数提高17.8%.     

SiO_2干凝胶制备及其煅烧特性的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法结合共沸蒸馏干燥工艺制备了SiO2干凝胶.探讨了共沸蒸馏过程对在常压干燥下凝胶多孔网络结构形成的影响,研究了煅烧过程中干凝胶物相及孔结构的变化.结果表明:采用共沸蒸馏干燥工艺可以同时完成颗粒表面疏水改性及凝胶中溶剂的替换过程;300℃煅烧后,SiO2干凝胶的比表面积为924.62m2·g-1,孔体积为0.754cm3·g-1,孔径主要分布在10nm以下,其微观结构与气凝胶相似;高温是导致颗粒烧结和孔结构变化的直接因素.     

纳米SiO2粉末的共沸蒸馏法制备及机理

采用正丁醇共沸蒸馏法制备了粒径为20－40nm的无团聚SiO2粉末。运用TEM，FTIR，TG－DTA和搂气物理吸附等实验手段研究了共沸蒸馏和直接干燥对粉末性能的影响，并对粉末的基本性能进行了测试和表征。结果表明，正丁醇共沸蒸馏嗵有效脱除SiO2凝胶中的水，防止干燥过程中颗 粒间硬团聚的形成，其作用机理是正丁醇取代凝胶中的水并发生丁氧基取代SiO2颗粒表面的部分羟基，从而降低了干燥时的毛细管力，消除了颗粒间的氢键桥接，阻止了颗粒间化学键的形成。     

共沸蒸馏干燥法制备氧化铟锡纳米粉体及其性能表征

以SnCl4.5H2O和InCl3.4H2O乙醇溶液为原料,采用离子交换除氯水解法及乙酸异戊酯共沸蒸馏干燥法制备得到了锡铟氢氧化物干粉,用TG-DTA,FT-IR,TEM和XRD等方法对干燥粉体的形貌、物相进行了表征,锡铟氢氧化物粉体在适当的煅烧温度下得到了氧化铟锡粉末.研究结果表明:乙酸异戊酯溶剂是一种非常理想的共沸干燥溶剂,所制得的氧化铟锡纳米晶体颗粒小,分散性好.     

共沸蒸馏法分离精制β-甲基萘

介绍共沸蒸馏法分离精制β-甲基萘的国内外研究现状，并对共沸剂的选择及几种常用共沸剂的性能作相应的阐述。同时评述各方法的优缺点。     

共沉淀-共沸蒸馏法制备掺杂Fe3+的TiO2纳米粉体及其光催化性能

采用共沉淀-共沸蒸馏法制备了掺杂Fe3+的TiO2纳米粉体,通过XRD和TEM等对掺杂Fe3+的TiO2纳米粉体的结构相变、晶粒粒度进行表征,研究了所得粉体的光催化活性.结果表明,用共沉淀-共沸蒸馏法制备出了分散性好的球形掺杂Fe3+的TiO2纳米粉体,热处理温度为450℃时粒径为7 nm左右,晶相为纯锐钛矿型;700℃时粒径为22 nm左右,晶相为锐钛矿型和金红石型混合相;通过对亚甲基橙的光催化降解研究,发现掺入0.1%Fe3+的TiO2粉体的催化活性较好,且经共沸处理的比未经共沸处理的具有更好的活性.     

纳米掺锑氧化锡粉末的制备和性能研究

采用阴离子交换除氯水解法和不同干燥法制备了掺锑氧化锡纳米粉末,用XRD,TEM和BET对粉末的物相、形貌、比表面积进行了表征.结果表明,用乙酸异戊酯共沸蒸馏干燥是比较有效的脱水方法,可以用来制备比表面积大(82.665 m2/g)的纳米掺锑氧化锡粉末.     

无团聚Al_2O_3－ZrO_2复合纳米粉末的制备及机理

共沸蒸馏法制备了无团聚Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３－ＺｒＯ_２复合纳米粉末。用红外光谱研究了正丁醇脱水剂与Ｚｒ（ＯＨ）_４－Ａｌ（ＯＨ）_３凝胶的表面化学键。ＴＥＭ观察该复合粉末的平均粒径约２０ｎｍ，无硬团聚形成，干压成型的坯体气孔呈单峰分布，只有一次颗粒间气孔。烧结温度比未处理的粉末降低了３００℃，经１３００℃保温４ｈ的烧结体相对密度达０．９７７５，平均晶粒尺寸０．２μｍ。共沸蒸馏消除团聚的机理是由于正丁醇脱除了氢氧化物颗粒间水分而降低了干燥时产生的毛细管力，且氢氧化物颗粒表面与烷氧基形成物理吸附，消除了水分子氢键在颗粒间的架桥作用。     

KH550的水解工艺及其对SiO2表面改性的研究

用电导率在线测量法和红外光谱法研究了硅烷偶联剂3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550)的水解工艺。采用共沸蒸馏和溶剂置换方式置换出湿凝胶中物理吸附水,并用KH550水解液对SiO2湿凝胶进行了改性。通过红外光谱（FT-IR）、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）吸油值、粒度分析仪和接触角测定仪等方式对改性效果进行了表征。结果表明,采用KH550对SiO2湿凝胶进行改性后,产品的接触角显著提高,吸油值增大70%以上,孔容为未改性样品的2倍,有机相中的分散性显著提高。同时,对比共沸蒸馏和溶剂置换两种方式,共沸蒸馏得到疏水性更好的超细SiO2,改性后样品的接触角可以达到140°以上。共沸蒸馏过程中,当改性剂KH550用量为超细SiO2绝干粉重的17.5%（质量分数）时,改性效果最好。     

共沸蒸馏脱水法对铜基甲醇合成催化剂前驱体结构和催化性能的影响

研究不同的脱水方法对催化剂前驱体的结构、催化剂比表面和催化活性的影响。前驱体的晶相分析表明：前驱体主要由孔雀石、绿铜锌矿和水锌矿三种晶相组成。共沸蒸馏脱水法比加热脱水法制备的前驱体含有较多的孔雀石相。比较共沸蒸馏和加热脱水法制备的催化剂，前者的比表面、分散性和催化活性均高于后者。这些结果对铜基甲醇合成催化剂的生产具有明显的意义。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~