介形类对重金属敏感性研究进展

重金属污染日趋严重,介形类作为评估重金属污染的指示生物被广泛关注。在对介形类关于重金属污染敏感性研究系统分析的基础上,明确了重金属污染对介形类存在毒性作用;对从介形类的野外采集到室内培养工作做了详细介绍;总结对比了利用介形类的3种常见毒性实验方法的具体步骤及其优缺点,特别是低成本、操作简易的6 d免培养/免维护接触毒性实验。通过实验数据收集,发现介形类毒性实验能够在毫克每升(mg/L)或微克每升(μg/L)水平上检测金属和参比毒物的毒性,证明该方法是一种可行的生物检测程序,可用于污染水的常规监测、工业废水安全评估、土壤和沉积物毒性研究。提出了利用介形类评估重金属污染未来的研究方向,以期为重金属污染的生物评价与监测提供参考。     

贵州贞丰晚二叠世晚期的介形类

本文描述了贵州贞丰晚二叠世长兴组介形类化石计15属26种(包括新种8个)。这一介形类动物群与北美及我国浙江长兴等地二叠纪地层所产介形类相似,其中二叠纪的特有属种数量丰富、种类繁多。贞丰二叠系与三叠系沉积连续,介形类化石的研究为二叠系与三叠系的界线划分提供了重要的生物依据。     

福建二叠纪介形类两新属

报道产自福建二叠纪的化石介形类两新属．Ｄａｔｉａｎｉａ　ｇｅｎ．ｎｏｖ，产自大田崆峒山晚二叠世长兴组上部，其共生化石主要有丰富的介形类、蜒、非蜒有孔虫和牙形刺．Ｈｅｔｅｒｏｂａｉｒ　ｄｉａ ｇｅｎ．ｎｏｖ．产自大田广平早二叠世栖霞组近中部．其共生化石主要有极丰富的介形类和非蜓有孔虫．根据它们的构造特征和壳面装饰特点，分别将Ｄａｔｉａｎｉａ　ｇｅｎ．ｎｏｖ．和Ｈｅｔｅｒｏｂａｉｒｄｉａ　ｇｅｎ．ｎｏｖ．归入Ａｒｃｙｚｏｉｄａｅ科．结合其共生化石内容和岩性特征，两新属应营正常浅海底栖生活方式．     

贵州遵义晚二叠世长兴组的介形类

本文首次报道了贵州遵义晚二叠世长兴组介形类化石，计14属24种（其中4新种、4未定种）。这些介形类化石的发现，不但为该区地层划分与对比提供了新的依据，而且对二叠系与三叠系的界线研究也具有一定意义。     

介形类生物环境监测与评价研究进展

随着环境污染问题被人重视,生物监测方法得到广泛关注,介形类因具有可反映环境污染且分布广泛等特点被应用于环境监测与评价。本研究详细总结介形类的3种常见毒性实验具体步骤及适用对象:介形类经典急性毒性实验通常用于水体环境安全监测;6 d免培养/免维护直接接触实验用于土壤、沉积物等固体介质毒性研究;14 d慢性毒性实验较多用于道路粉尘毒性安全评估。系统分析国内外利用该生物毒性实验结果,表明介形类死亡率与环境污染呈正相关,明确其对毒物具有较强敏感性,可作为一种良好环境指示生物。     

第四纪湖相介形类组合的古气候与古环境意义:以洞庭盆地介形类现生种为例

本文在分析国内外第四纪湖相介形类组合古气候与古环境意义研究现状基础上,初步研究了洞庭湖湘阴近岸介形类现生种分布与生态特征.国外在第四纪湖相介形类古气候与古环境研究方面做了大量工作,取得了丰富成果.而国内该方面工作仅主要集中青藏高原及其邻区,其它地区鲜见.国外在详细介形类现生种生态调查基础上,建立基于其的环境参数转换函数,并在第四纪古气候与古环境定量重建中发挥了重要作用.然而我国现生种生态调查依然薄弱,主要表现在1)仅主要集中青藏高原等少数地区,其它地区还很少;2)生境数据绝大多为定性或半定量,很少定量;3)很少按季节采样.洞庭湖湘阴近岸包含3个属种,分别为未定种、Metacypris bellareticulata及Darwinula sp.,它们的生态要求为电导率240μs/cm,溶氧量10.45 mg/L,p H值8.1,水深0.5-1 m,水温10℃.     

东洞庭湖介形类现生种的定量生态信息

以东洞庭湖介形类现生种为研究对象,对其进行野外生态调查,获取该生物定量生态信息,以此为该湖水体污染程度监测与评价奠定必要基础,同时丰富我国介形类现生种生境数据.本研究共发现东洞庭湖介形类现生种4属4种,它们为比利时舍氏玻璃介(相似种) Schellencandona cf. belgica、豆形豆形玻璃介Fabaefo...     

辽西建昌早白垩世九佛堂组甲龙类化石的首次发现

本研究描述了一件产自辽西建昌九佛堂组的甲龙类化石,代表这一地区的首次记录。化石为一幼年个体骨架,体长约300 mm,以前颌齿发育、下颌关节窝低于齿列、末端尾椎前关节突拉长、指/趾爪背视呈三角形等为特征。依据这些特征,将其归入辽宁龙。辽宁龙化石大量发现于义县和凌源等地区的义县组,之前仅有一例九佛堂组的化石报道。本次发现进一步表明辽宁龙在辽西地区可能具有更为广泛的古地理分布和时代延续。同时,辽宁龙成体化石的缺失和幼体化石的大量发现,暗示了以森林-湖泊为主的热河生态系统或许更适于幼年甲龙的生存。     

甘肃金塔南山构造变形及其地质意义

金塔南山构造带是通过多期的左行平移—冲断作用把不同时代、不同性质、形成于不同构造环境的岩石单元会聚而成的构造堆叠体 .研究结果表明金塔南山构造带 (断裂系统 )是在新元古代中期—早古生代早期古洋盆发生汇聚碰撞的基础上形成的 ,早古生代以来的构造变形 (平移—冲断作用 )及其形成过程应与阿尔金走滑断裂系统的动力学过程息息相关 .这对于理解华北板块与塔里木板块古陆缘的地球动力学具有十分重要的地质意义     

A new ichnotaxon of fossil bird track from the Early Cretaceous Tianjialou Formation （Barremian-Albian）, Shandong Province, China

It is well known that fossil bird tracks are geological records of ancient birds walking on the sediments. Prior to the 1980s, little attention was paid to fossil bird tracks partly because of the difficulties of field discrimination. Over the last decade, new discoveries on the bird origin and early evolution, as well as their relation to dinosaurs[1] have greatly stimulated dinosaur and ancient bird studies.Accordingly, the paleoenvironmental, paleoecological and early evolutional significan…     

A new Early Cretaceous lizard with well-preserved scale impressions from western Liaoning, China

A new small lizard, Liaoningolacerta brevirostra gen. et sp. nov., from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of western Liaoning is described in detail. The new specimen was preserved not only by the skeleton, but also by the exceptionally clear scale impressions. This lizard can be included within the taxon Scleroglossa based on its 26 or more presacrals, cruciform interclavicle with a large anterior process, moderately elongated pubis, and slightly notched distal end of tibia. The scales vary evidently in size and shape at different parts of body: small and rhomboid ventral scales, tiny and round limb scales, and large and longitudinally rectangular caudal scales that constitute the caudal whorls. This new finding provides us with more information on the lepidosis of the Mesozoic lizards.     

The early Cretaceous Hemeroscopid larva fossils from Beijing, China

More than 100 Hemeroscopid larva fossils were discovered from the Lower Cretaceous in Southwest Beijing, which effectively ends the discussion of morphology and makes it more complete. It is assigned within the Libellu-loidea, and shows close evolutionary correlations with modern Libellulidae. Although the wing characters of adult Hemeroscopus from the same formation indicates the close relationship to Aeschnoidea, we suggest that the larvae and the adults were the same species. Therefore, it probably shows the evolutionary ancestors of Libellulidae. Being the fundamental species discriminating Jehol Entomofauna and Lushangfen Entomofauna, Hemeroscopus bears great significance in the study of stratigraphy.     

灵山岛早白垩世构造应力解析及区域地质意义

通过对灵山岛野外地质考察及总结前人资料, 并利用节理、岩墙和褶皱等应力感应构造的测量分析, 得出研究区早白垩世可能存在四期构造作用: 莱阳期NW 向伸展形成近海盆地, 莱阳期末期NW 向挤压反转作用, 青山期NW 向伸展裂谷作用和早白垩世末期NW 向挤压反转。灵山岛早白垩世两期伸展作用可能是分别对华北地区增厚地壳或岩石圈重力垮塌和岩石圈拆沉的响应, 而两期挤压反转作用可能是研究区由伊泽奈崎板块NW 向俯冲消减向太平洋板块NW 向俯冲过渡的结果。     

New fossil ommatid (Coleoptera: Archostemata: Ommatidae) from Jehol Biota of western Liaoning, China

In this paper one new genus and one new species of fossil ommatid, Odontomma trachylaena gen. et sp. nov., is described and illustrated from the Late Jurassic or Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of western Liaoning, China. Based on wide epipleural space of elytron with several rows of cells, the new taxa is attributed to tribe Brochocoleini of Ommatidae and compared with genus Brochocoleus. Due to the fact that most other Chinese Mesozoic ommatids are not complete, the complete preservation of the new specimens reported here enabled us to determine the characteristics of the body of these ancient ommatid. Moreover, based on the well-preserved individual of this new genus, we may suppose the affinities of the new species with extant and extinct groups.     

A new eutriconodont mammal from the early Cretaceous Jehol Biota of Liaoning,China

A new genus and species of eutriconodont mammal, Chaoyangodens lii gen. et sp. nov., from the Dawangzhangzi bed of Yixian Formation, Lingyuan, Lia- oning, is reported. The new species has a tooth formula I5- C1-P1-M3/i4-cl-pl-m4, unique among eutriconodonts in having only one premolar in lower and upper jaws, respectively, and a distinctive diastema between the canine and the premolar. Its simple incisors and reduced premolars show a mosaic combination of primitive and derived fea- tures. This new taxon adds to the diverse group of Jehol eutriconodonts. Among the known species from at least three horizons, there seems no evolutionary trend in mor- phology that is recognizable, except for that larger species are all from the Lujiatun bed of the Yixian Fro. A thorough and systematic analysis involving all the Jehol eu- triconodonts is needed to understand their phylogenetic relationships.     

甘肃景泰地区早石炭世小个体动物群

在甘肃景泰地区典型剖面(红水堡和黑山剖面)早石炭世地层中,发现由珊瑚、腕足类、苔藓虫和海百合茎组成的小个体动物群,其中各门类化石个体普遍较小,通常只能用毫米级尺度来度量.经研究发现这一动物群既非灾害性死亡群体,也非水流分选堆积物,而是由于其生存环境异于寻常导致生长停滞所形成的特殊动物群."巴彦浩特地区石炭纪生态地层学研究"项目的研究结果提供了沉积环境信息,丰富了找矿资料,对找矿实践具有一定意义.