Cr12MoV冷作模具钢渗铬层界面能谱分析

采用粉末法对Cr12MoV冷作模具钢进行渗铬处理,通过SEM,XRD和EDS等手段对渗铬层表面-界面形貌、物相组成和化学元素线能谱、面能谱扫描进行分析,探讨渗铬层组织结构和元素变化。研究结果表明:渗铬层由沉积层和扩散层构成,Cr和C原子在沉积层相互结合,形成铬碳化物Cr_(23)C_6相,在一定程度上抑制Cr原子的扩散和O原子的侵蚀;扩散层内Cr和Fe原子相互渗透,形成Fe-Cr固溶体相。     

固体粉末法硼铬共渗研究初步

本文初步研究了固体粉末法硼铬共渗技术,并得出:用固体粉末法可实现硼铬共渗;共渗层中除有硼化铁Fe_2B或(Fe,Cr)_2B)以及固溶体外,碳化铬(Cr,Fe)_7C_3也可以成相;并得到了两层化合物组成的结构,其中(Cr,Fe)_7C_3为连续层.     

锌镀层铬酸钝化膜的X光电子能谱研究

本文用X光电子能谱(XPS)研究氰化镀锌层和D-I锌酸盐镀锌层钝化膜的组成。结果表明;上述两种锌镀层钝化膜的XPS图完全相同,试样存放七个月无影响;对谱图的Cr峰和O峰进行展开分析,从而确定彩虹钝化膜的组成为5Cr_2O_3·4CrO_3·xH_2O,绿色钝化膜的组成为5Cr_2O_3·2CrO_3·yH_2O_3不同的钝化膜试样含水量的差别较大,可能由于制作条件未严格控制所致。     

Cr_3C_2含量对纳米WC-6Co复合粉烧结的影响

研究了不同Cr_3C_2添加量对纳米WC-6Co复合粉烧结的影响.结果表明:添加Cr_3C_2会细化晶粒,但过多的添加Cr_3C_2时,η相(缺碳相)会容易溶Co而分解,导致晶粒尺寸的粗化.随Cr_3C_2添加量的增加,硬质合金的孔隙率逐渐增加.当Cr_3C_2添加量为0.6wt.%,与未加Cr_3C_2材料的抗弯强度相比,抗弯强度提高约13%,材料的硬度可达到93.2HRA.随Cr_3C_2添加量的增加,硬质合金的断裂韧性逐渐降低.     

20钢渗氮表面500℃盐浴渗铬层微观组织结构研究

20钢经离子渗氮后在500℃下进行盐浴渗铬,采用金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜及高分辨透射电镜研究渗铬层的组织结构,并选取1 h,5 h和12 h不同渗铬保温时间的样品来探讨渗铬时间对渗铬层的组织结构的影响.结果表明,在500℃下盐浴渗铬能获得铬的化合物层,其表面相主要为CrN,β-(Cr,Fe)2(N,C)1-x相,且随着渗铬时间的延长β相增多且出现Cr7C3相.在500℃下粒径复合盐浴渗铬12 h得到的化合物层晶粒细小并存在纳米晶.化合物层中CrN晶粒较完美可长大至几百个纳米,而Cr7C3相晶粒内出现许多孪晶或层错.     

2Cr13钢渗硼层的组织结构与耐磨性

本文研究了2Cr13不锈钢渗硼层的组织和耐磨性。研究发现,渗硼层由硼化物层和过渡区构成,而硼化物层又由极薄的(Fe,Cr)B层和相当厚的(Fe,Cr)_2B层组成,在硼化物上分布有少量的(Fe,Cr)_3(C,B)。过渡区是在细小弥散的两相基体上分布着块状和网状碳化物。渗硼试样的耐磨性比常规处理试样高出4—5倍。     

4Cr10Si2Mo气阀钢铬钛铈及铝钛铈多元共渗的研究

采用固体粉末包埋法对4Cr10Si2Mo气阀钢进行铬钛铈及铝钛铈多元共渗。通过光学显微镜、硬度测量仪、X射线衍射和能谱测量仪对渗层的显微组织、硬度值、相组成和成分分布进行了研究，实验结果表明，试样经过Cr-Ti-Ce、Al-Ti-Ce多元共渗处理后，均具有优良的耐蚀性和抗高温氧化。因此，4Cr10Si2Mo经Cr-Ti-Ce、Al-Ti-Ce多元共渗后，可以部分代替贵重金属材料和提高气阀钢的使用寿命。     

激光淬火对Cr12MoV钢渗硼层盐雾腐蚀和电化学腐蚀的影响

利用热浸渗法在Cr12MoV钢表面制备一层渗硼层,对其进行CO_2激光淬火处理。采用电子扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和X线衍射仪(XRD)分析渗硼层盐雾腐蚀前后表面形貌、化学元素组成和物相,考察激光淬火前、后渗硼层盐雾腐蚀性能。通过电化学工作站测试激光淬火前后试样自腐蚀电位、电流密度和腐蚀速率等腐蚀特性,讨论激光淬火对电化学腐蚀的影响机理。研究结果表明:渗硼后表面产生许多孔隙,激光淬火消除这一缺陷。盐雾腐蚀后渗硼层产生间隙腐蚀,主要腐蚀产物为γ-FeO(OH)和Fe_3O_4,激光淬火试样只出现少量点蚀和细微裂纹,钝化膜由Fe_3O_4和α-FeO(OH)组成。激光淬火后渗硼层自腐蚀电位未发生变化,但激光淬火后自腐蚀电流密度下降11%,电化学腐蚀性能得到明显的改善。     

基于链码的Stellite12钴基合金金相组织定量分析

针对Stellite12钴基合金金相组织的定量分析问题,提出一种适用于金相组织中不同相的提取与统计算法.以扫描电子显微镜获得的金相组织图像为信息源,通过图像增强、最大类间方差法及canny边缘检测算法对Stellite12钴基合金金相进行处理,分离出WC相、Cr_7C_3相和Co基体,并利用链码跟踪及三角形面积统计算法对目标相标定统计并分析.结果表明:最大类间方差法可以实现WC相、Cr_7C_3相和Co基体的分离,利用链码跟踪及三角形面积统计算法能够快速完成不同相的个数统计与面积计算.     

镍基碳化钨喷焊涂层组织与磨损性能研究

采用带有能谱仪的扫描电镜、X射线衍射和透射电镜技术分析了氧乙炔火焰喷焊WC 增强镍基自熔性合金复合涂层的组织结构,并采用湿砂橡胶轮式磨粒磨损实验机对该涂层、镀铬层以及Q235钢进行了抗磨粒磨损性能测试.结果表明,复合喷焊层的结构为在γ-Ni 固溶体基体上较均匀的分布着颗粒较粗的WC粒子和弥散分布着大量细小的碳(硼)化物硬质相,这些细小的硬质相主要是Cr7C3,Cr23C6和Ni3B等.在相同的实验条件下,镀铬层和Q235钢的磨损失重分别为喷焊层的1.86倍和29.8倍.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with