蓖麻主要农艺性状配合力测试与遗传力分析

采用4×7不完全双列杂交,对28个蓖麻品种组合的几个主要农艺性状的配合力和遗传力进行分析,结果表明:籽粒产量以及穗数、穗长、蒴果数、株高和茎粗5个性状组合间差异极显著,5个性状组合间的差异主要是由基因互作的非加性效应产生的.一般配合力效应分析表明,转3号和1987是综合性状良好的亲本;特殊配合力效应分析结果提供了347×2129,转1645号×1896,转1号×2134等3个优良的杂交组合.产量及各性状的遗传力中等偏低,易受环境因素影响,早代选择的效果较差,要连续多代选择.     

5个矮秆小麦品种（系）主要农艺性状的配合力 …

以５个矮秆小麦品种（系）为母本,８个主要农艺性状较好的品种（系）为父本,采用不完全双列杂交设计,研究小麦株高,穗长,穗粒数、结实小穗,千粒重,单株穗数,单株粒重７个性状的配合力和遗传力。     

矮秆蓖麻主要数量性状配合力及遗传力研究

Lm型标记雌性系及其恢复系个4个,采用NCⅡ交配设计配制4×4=16个矮秆蓖麻杂交组合,通过F1的20个主要数量性状配合力方差分析,特殊配合力方差差异达到显著或极显著的有12个性状,对其进行了亲本的一般配合力（GCA）及杂交组合的特殊配合力（SCA）、总配合力（TCA）分析和各性状的遗传力的研究,结果如下：筛选了♂1082、♂1088两个优良恢复系材料和2♀AlmAB2、♀062097两个优良的Lm型雌性系.筛选出062097×1082、AlmAB1×1088、AlmAB2×1113、062098×1088四个单株粒重特殊配合力高的组合.狭义遗传力高的性状,如有效果穗数、主茎穗蒴果数、生育期可在低世代进行选择,狭义遗传力低的性状,如单株粒重、一级分枝有效果穗数、株高、单株有效分枝数则宜在较高的世代选择.     

蓖麻主要农艺性状配合力分析

本文以11个亲本蓖麻品种按NCⅡ交配设计获得28个杂交组合,考查亲本F1代主要性状的表现,进行性状的配合力分析,结果表明：产量性状的一般配合力以转1号、转2号、1987的单株产量为较高,而其参于的特殊配合力效应也较高。通过配合力分析,转1号/1987和转2号/2129为优良组合,可继续进行产量鉴定。一般配合力方差相对比率大的性状有：单株产量、一级分枝果穗数、主茎穗长和一级分枝数,这些性状遗传上加性效应占主导地位,其他性状的杂种优势以非加性效应占主导地位。通过对农艺性状遗传力的估算,狭义遗传力高的性状有一级分枝果穗数、主茎蒴果数、主茎穗长可在低世代进行选择,狭义遗传力低的性状则在较高的世代选择。     

春小麦主要农艺性状杂种优势与配合力研究

用选定的8个春小麦亲本进行4×4不完全双列杂交,对所得的F1代的9个农艺性状的杂种优势进行分析。结果表明,主穗小穗数、单株平均穗粒数和千粒重都具有一定的正向超亲优势,且千粒重的中亲优势和超亲优势都达到最高;其余性状出现正向超亲优势的组合较少,且各组合间的差异比较显著。配合力分析表明,主穗粒数和单株平均穗粒数在组合间不存在真实的遗传差异;主穗长度在杂交组合间的表现差异是加性基因和非加性基因共同作用的结果;株高、有效穗数、单株总粒数和单株粒重是由非加性基因决定的;父本组对株高和主穗小穗数的影响较大,母本组对千粒重的影响较大。     

激光诱变小麦后代的遗传力分析

试验采用 He—Ne 激光和 N_2激光辐照“汉原小麦”等四个材料的干种子.采用随机区组设计,重复三次,利用生物统计学和数量遗传学的方法,对 I_2代的株高等42个性状的广义遗传力估算表明:株高等8个性状的遗传力较高,其大小顺序是:株高>穗颈长>基部第三节间长>抽穗期>旗叶长>旗叶基角>开花期>穗长,说明这些性状宜早代进行单株选择,效果可能较好。     

玉米若干与抗旱性有关的产量性状遗传研究

按NCII设计,分析了15个玉米自交系与抗旱性有关的穗长、结实长、穗行数、行粒数、百粒重和单株产量等产量性状在中等水分胁迫下的GCA、SCA和遗传力.结果表明:3个优良自交系80660,80009,武109能组配出抗旱高产且产量性状良好的杂交组合,是有利用价值的亲本;80625×武109、80009×138、80622×武109等组合可在干旱与半干旱地区示范种植.在水分胁迫下,产量遗传力较低,寻找遗传力高且与产量和抗旱高度相关的第二类性状穗长、结实长、穗行数、行粒数,在早代进行选择,可提高选择效率.     

春小麦品种磷效率相关性状的遗传

利用Ｈａｙｍａｎ双列分析法对不同磷营养效率品种所组配的杂交组合方差和协方差回归分析表明,磷效率相关性状遗传符合加—显性模型,有的性状还存在非等位基因间互作,大部分性状有较高的广义遗传力和较低的狭义遗传力;亲本特殊配合力基因型方差比一般配合力基因型方差大,在群体性状的遗传上特殊配合力更重要     

二棱和四棱皮大麦农艺性状对产量的通径分析与比较研究

对二棱带皮型和四棱带皮型大麦的7个农艺性状与单株产量分别进行了通径分析和比较研究,结果表明：在二棱大麦中, 各性状对单株产量的直接正效应从大到小的顺序依次为：单株穗数、千粒重、芒长和穗长等,而在四棱大麦中,则为：单株穗数、穗粒数、穗粒重和千粒等,可见两种类型中,单株穗数对单株产量的贡献均居首位,因此,两种类型的大麦要提高单株产量均应以增加单株有效穗数为主,二棱皮大麦要兼顾高千粒重、长芒和长穗为配合选择指标,四棱皮大麦则应有两种选择模式;饲用大麦追求高产,应注重“穗重型”,而啤酒大麦应以大粒高产为主要育种目标。     

冬春性小麦杂种世代穗部数量性状和矮秆遗传规律研究

以雅矮2号为矮源与不同高秆类型组配,其杂种世代穗部数量性状的遗传表明,大穗和密穗类型的变异系数较大。这些新类型的遗传力均为高值。杂种群体主要性状的相关显著。对受控基因的测定还表明,雅矮2号的矮秆性状是由一对基因或两对隐性基因所控制。株高与产量性状存在明显的相关,但株高以不超过90cm为宜。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with