Growth metabolism of diaphragm in Swiss albino mice

Summary During the postnatal growth of diaphragm in swiss albino mice, a continuous decline in glycogen content reciprocates with the increasing SDH-activity and protein accumulation. An inverse relationship between DNA-contents and the basic protein levels points towards the regulatory behaviour of the latter during protein synthesis. While the variations in the contents of DNA and RNA speak of a feedback mechanism operative between the 2 nucleic acids during the postnatal growth, the fluctuations in RNA appear to be significant in determining the amount of acidic proteins, in this muscle.     

Studies on the murine L-4946 ascitic leukemia in Swiss albino mice

Zusammenfassung Virologische Untersuchungen einer Mäuseleukämie, die sich durch eine «subzelluläre onkogene Komponente» übertragen lässt.

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This work was supported in part by the Developmental Physiology Training Grant No. NIH T1-HD0054; NIH Training Grant No. 1 T01 AMO-5680-01 DM; General Research Support Grant No. 623; and aided by a grant from the National Foundation — March of Dimes. This research was conducted in facilities accredited by the American Association for Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care.     

Orange II induced cytogenetical changes in albino mice

Summary Daily feeding of the common food color Orange II to mice in doses of up to 3.0 g/kg b.wt for 180 days had deleterious effects on somatic and spermatogonial chromosomes. The chromosomal abnormalities induced were breaks, gaps, constrictions, centric fusion, fragments of unknown origin, translocation, deletion, stickiness, ring chromosomes, pyknosis and other bizarre configurations.Grateful acknowledgment is made to Prof. U.S. Srivastava, Zoology Department for providing necessary laboratory facilities.     

Hepatic acid hydrolases of albino rats,Mastomys natalensis and albino mice duringPlasmodium berghei infection

Summary Changes in liver acid hydrolase activities during the infection of albino rats,Mastomys or mice withPlasmodium berghei are described. B-Glucosidase, B-galactosidase and N-acetyl-B-D-glucosaminidase exhibited widely different responses with acid phosphatase and cathepsin-B the least responsive and are likely to be causally related to immunity of animals.     

The effect of uremic serum on carbohydrate metabolism in rat diaphragm

Zusammenfassung Das Serum von Uremikern inhibiert die Glukoseutilisation im Rattendiaphragma. Der Sauerstoffverbrauch ändert sich nicht trotz niedrigerer Glukoseutilisation, da dieselbe durch eine erhöhte Auswertung anderer Substrate im Diaphragma kompensiert wird. Ein erhöhter Glykogen-, Laktat- und -ketoglutarat-Verbrauch konnte bewiesen werden.     

Hepatic acid hydrolases of albino rats, Mastomys natalensis and albino mice during Plasmodium berghei infection

Changes in liver acid hydrolase activities during the infection of albino rats, Mastomys or mice with Plasmodium berghei are described. B-Glucosidase, B-galactosidase and N-acetyl-B-D-glucosaminidase exhibited widely different responses with acid phosphatase and cathepsin-B the least responsive and are likely to be causally related to immunity of animals.     

A comparative study of tryptophan metabolism in skins and livers of black and albino rats

Summary The skin of black rats contains less tryptophan than the skin of albino rats, possibly because the activity of tryptophan pyrrolase is higher. The opposite is found in liver, possibly because tryptophan pyrrolase activity is lower in the livers of black rats.Acknowledgments. The authors wish to thank Dr S.C. Bhattacharyya and Dr A. K. Barua, Bose Institute, for their interest in the work. The work was supported by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi.     

Testosterone induced alterations in histamine metabolism in mice

Zusammenfassung Eine neuer Befund von hormonaler Beeinflussung des Histaminmetabolismus wird beschrieben und ein bisher nicht erkannter Metabolit wird chromatographisch nachgewiessen. Under dem Einfluss von Testosteron wird der Metabolit in grosser Menge in Urin der Maus ausgeschieden, während zugleich freies Histamin fast verschwindet, was dafür spricht, dass es sich um einen Histaminmetaboliten handelt, dessen chemische Struktur noch nicht festgestellt ist und von verschiedenen bekannten Histaminmetaboliten abgegrenzt werden kannte.

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This study was supported by grants from the Swedish Medical Research Council No. B70-14x-2212-04 and from the Swedish Society for Cancer Research No. 268-K70-01 X.     

Spontaneous peristaltic activity in arteries and veins of adult goldfinches and albino mice cultivatedin vitro

Résumé L'auteur a mis en évidence une activité contractile spontaneée et rythmique de type péristaltique dans les artères centrales et périphériques et dans quelques veines du système porte et de la moitié postérieure du corps, cultivées «in vitro». Les observations ont été faites sur un Oiseau (Carduelis carduelis) et un Mammifère (Mus musculus).     

Light dependent accumulation of macrophages at the photoreceptor-pigment epithelial interface in the retina of albino mice

Summary In the subretinal space of albino mice, macrophages appear from the time of eye opening and increase in number for 6 months; thereafter they decline with age. Dark rearing retards the accumulation of these cells, and exposure to constant light results in a rapid increase. Observations suggest that macrophages appear as a response to visual cell decay in albino mice and supplement the phagocytic activity of the pigment epithelium.We thank R.K. Hawkins for efficient management of the animal colony, H.G. Jansen for cooperation in the use of electron microscope and Ms Paula van Alphen for help in preparation of the illustrations.     

Serotonin metabolism in the CNS in cerebellar ataxic mice

The metabolism of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the CNS was investigated in four kinds of morphologically different ataxic mice; reeler, staggerer, weaver and Purkinje cell degeneration mutants, and in hypocerebellar mice experimentally produced by injection of cytosine arabinoside. 5-HT and 5-hydroxyidoleacetic acid concentrations and tryptophan hydroxylase (TrpOH) activity were measured in the cerebrum, cerebellum and brain stem, respectively. TrpOH activity was significantly reduced only in the reeler mouse. The enhancements of the cerebellar 5-HT metabolism observed in the ataxic mice other than the reeler were supposed to be pseudo-enhancements subsequent to the cerebellar hypoplasia.     

Inhibition of methanol metabolism in mice with acetyl salicylic acid

Zusammenfassung Acetylsalicylsäure hemmt die Oxydation von Methanol und Formiat in vivo erheblich, die Katalase nur in vitro, und vermindert den toxischen Effekt der Methanolvergiftung. Der Mechanismus der Methanoloxydationshemmung durch Acetylsalicylsäure könnte eher auf die Verminderung des Peroxyd-Pooles — als die Katalasehemmung — zurückzuführen sein.     

The effect of pentobarbital on brain 5-HT metabolism in mice

Zusammenfassung Bei Mäusen erhöhte Pentobarbital den Serotoningehalt des Gehirns, ein Effekt, der sich durch eine Verminderung der Umsatzgeschwindigkeit bei unveränderter Synthese des Serotonins erklären lässt.

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Acknowledgment: We are indebted to the Deutsche Abbott GmbH for a generous gift of pargyline.     

Effect of Plasmodium berghei infection on benzoic acid metabolism in mice

The metabolism of benzoic acid was studied in Plasmodium berghei infected mice both in vitro and in vivo. Results of in vitro studies showed a considerable decrease in the ability of the infected liver to detoxify benzoic acid by hippuric acid formation. The in vivo study showed that hippuric acid formation decreases with increasing parasitemia and the emergence of benzoyl-glucuronide. This new pathway stops operating with further increase in parasitemia.     

Effect ofPlasmodium berghei infection on benzoic acid metabolism in mice

Summary The metabolism of benzoic acid was studied inPlasmodium berghei infected mice both in vitro and in vivo. Results of in vitro studies showed a considerable decrease in the ability of the infected liver to detoxify benzoic acid by hippuric acid formation. The in vivo study showed that hippuric acid formation decreases with increasing parasitemia and the emergence of benzoyl-glucoronide. This new pathway stops operating with further increase in parasitemia.     

Effects of sleep deprivation on the periodicity of tyrosine metabolism in mice

Résumé La privation de sommeil pendant 96 h a crée des ruptures dans la périodicité d'enzyme-tyrosine-aminotransférase du foie, à cause de l'induction. Des concentrations hépatiques de tyrosine ont augmenté alors que sa présence dans le plasma fut sans effet. La privation de sommeil affecte non seulement les rhythmes quotidiens naturels, mais, si elle est prolongée, elle intensifie la réponse de «stress» généralisé peut-être au point d'affecter notablement l'effet de l'acide amidé.

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Acknowledgments. We wish to express our appreciation to SP-5R. Cotter and SP-5 Th.Speitel for their technical assistance.