细辛多糖的分离纯化与免疫活性研究

本文对细辛(Asarum heterotropoides Fr.Var.mandshuricum(Maxim)kitag)中多糖进行了分离纯化以及初步的免疫活性研究。沸水提取细辛粗多糖,经80%醇析、Sevag法脱蛋白、DEAE-纤维素离子交换层析对粗多糖进行纯化得多糖级分A-1.5-水、A-1.5-0.1M、A-1.5-0.3M、A-1.5-0.5M、A-4-水、A-4-0.3M,并对级分A-1.5-0.3M做了进一步的研究。经Sepharose CL-6B分子筛层析测定其分子量约为4万。高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定其单糖组成为半乳糖醛酸(74.7%)、阿拉伯糖(9.7%)、木糖(7.1%),此外还有痕量的半乳糖、葡萄糖醛酸存在。说明A-1.5-0.3M是一种以酸性糖为主的杂多糖。淋巴细胞转化试验结果表明细辛多糖A-1.5-0.3M对小鼠脾T、B淋巴细胞的体外增殖有明显的促进作用。     

沙棘叶水溶性多糖的提取及分离纯化

通过采用热水提取和乙醇沉淀获得沙棘叶水溶性粗多糖,再经酸性乙醇分级,将沙棘叶水溶性粗多糖分为3个级分SJI、SJ2和SJ3,将SJ2脱蛋白后经DEAE-Sephadex A-25进行分离纯化得SJ21和SJ22,经纸层析、醋酸纤维薄膜电泳和Sepharose CL-4B柱层析纯度鉴定表明:SJ21和SJ22的相对分子质量均约为7×104,为首次从沙棘叶中分离得到的纯多糖.     

莪术多糖的分离纯化

研究莪术多糖分离纯化的最佳条件,优化莪术多糖的提取纯化工艺,为进一步探讨莪术多糖的生物活性奠定基础.莪术经热水提取,酒精沉淀,脱色,脱蛋白得粗多糖.粗多糖用50%、75%乙醇分级沉淀得2个级分CZ1、CZ2,进行DEAE-纤维素柱层析.调节DEAE-纤维素的pH值,比较洗脱曲线的不同.CZ1经DEAE-纤维素柱层析得到1个组分,CZ2在酸性、中性条件下层析得2个组分,在碱性条件下得1个组分,随pH升高,回收率降低,纯度增高.各纯化得到的多糖组分经纸层析、琼脂糖凝胶电泳鉴定为单一成分.实验证明,pH是影响层析的一个重要因素,因此莪术多糖的最佳纯化pH值为7.0.     

大黄橐吾水溶性多糖的初步纯化及清除自由基活性研究

为合理利用大黄橐吾提供一定依据,对大黄橐吾多糖进行提取分离纯化.大黄橐吾经热水浸提,乙醇沉淀得到大黄橐吾粗多糖.粗多糖经凯氏定氮法测得蛋白质含量为14.02%,苯酚-硫酸法测得多糖中糖含量为23.41%,硫酸-咔唑法测半乳糖醛酸含量为35.16%.粗多糖经Sevage法和酶法联合脱蛋白,得初步纯化的多糖.纯化多糖经红外吸收光谱分析,初步断定其官能团的存在及其所处状态.对大黄橐吾多糖进行清除自由基活性研究,结果表明大黄橐吾多糖对超氧阴离子自由基和羟自由基具有明显的清除效果,且初步纯化后多糖的清除效果比粗多糖好.     

树舌、茯苓多糖的提取分离及组成

对树舌(Ganoderma apparatus)、茯苓(poria cocos)多糖的提取、纯化和单糖的组成成分进行了研究.认为树舌子实体和茯苓菌核经热水提取、脱色和乙醇沉淀分别得到相应多糖(树舌多糖Ga,茯苓多糖Pc)粗品,多糖粗品经脱蛋白,乙醇分级沉淀、Sephadex G-15葡聚糖凝胶柱层析纯化得Ga-1、Ga-2、Ga-3和Pc -1、Pc -2、Pc -3 3个级分,并应用薄板层析技术,确定树舌多糖3个级分均由葡萄糖、树胶醛糖、甘露糖、果糖及一种未知单糖组成,茯苓多糖3个级分均由葡萄糖、甘露糖、核糖及一种未知单糖组成.     

碎米荠醇沉多糖的共沉淀物分离纯化

以碎米荠粗多糖液为试验材料,采用磷酸氢二钠将结合粗多糖的共沉淀物絮凝,用丙酮处理共沉淀物把共沉淀物与多糖分离;然后用大孔树脂吸附层析(35×120 mm)对共沉淀物进行分离纯化,层析条件是:一定浓度的样品40 mL上柱,以流速1.2 mL/min进行动态吸附,再用浓度30%~80%的甲醇以流速2.5 mL/min通过树脂床进行梯度洗脱;最后用琼脂糖Sepharose 6B(20×400 mm)凝胶过滤层析将共沉淀物分离为两个组分,层析条件是:上样量3 mL,蒸馏水洗脱,控制洗脱流速为1.5 mL/min.纯化的共沉淀物纯度为高效液相色谱纯.     

沙棘叶水溶性多糖的初步纯化及体外清除自由基活性研究

通过采用热水提取乙醇沉淀获得沙棘叶水溶性粗多糖,再经酸性乙醇分级,将沙棘叶水溶性粗多糖分为三个级分:SJ1、SJ2和SJ3,经PC和GC分析都含有Xyl(木糖)、Ara(阿拉伯糖)、Glc(葡萄糖)、Man(甘露糖)、Gal(半乳糖)、GalA(半乳糖醛酸).对粗多糖及SJ2脱蛋白后的多糖SJ2'进行清除自由基活性研究,结果表明,粗多糖对三种自由基的清除力很小,而SJ2'能有效清除·OH、O2-·自由基,对脂质自由基R·效果不明显.     

巴戟天多糖的分离与纯化新方法

以巴戟天(Morinda officinalis How) 为原料,运用多种理化方法,提取纯化巴戟天粗多糖,经红外吸收光谱比较和鉴定确认提取物中有多糖特征吸收.采用苯酚-硫酸法测定多糖含量,以多糖的纯度和提取率为主要指标,对提取方法进行优化.结果表明,用乙醇-水提取法进行提取,用Sevag法除蛋白,氯化十六烷基吡啶(CPC)结合醇沉法进行纯化.正交实验结果表明提取纯化巴戟多糖最隹条件是乙醇浓度为85%,CPC浓度为0.4%,粗多糖浓度为10%的条件下,纯化多糖的纯度为89.7%,多糖的提取率为10.2%.     

草苁蓉根、茎水溶性多糖BRT的分离与鉴定

从长白山区野生植物草苁蓉的根、茎中分离水溶性多糖。粗多糖经乙醇分级、Sevage法脱蛋白、H2O2脱色、反复冻融、高速离心等方法分离纯化得级分BRT。经Sepharose CL-4B柱层析、DEAE－Sephadex A-25柱层析等方法证明BRT为均一组分。气相色谱分析多糖的组成表明，粗多糖的单糖组成为Ara，Xyl,Gal,Man,Glc，摩尔比依次为0.98:1.00:2.38:1.28:10.00。BRT的单糖组成为Xyl,Gal,Man和Glc，摩尔比依次为0.61:3.12:1.00:3.97。以上结果说明，多糖BRT是以葡萄糖、半乳糖为主，兼有木糖和甘露糖的中性杂多糖。     

人参果胶SB的分离纯化及其结构特征

从我国名贵中药人参的根中提取出水溶性粗多糖.粗多糖经脱淀粉、冻融分级、Sepharose CL-4B柱层析分级和脱蛋白等方法,分离纯化出人参果胶SB.经DEAE-Sephadex A-25柱层析等方法证明SB为均一组分.气相色谱分析表明,人参果胶SB的单糖组成为GalA,Gal,Ara和Rha,物质的量比依次为1.32:1.00:0.34:0.15.人参果胶SB的梯度部分酸水解分析表明,GalA和Gal构成了SB的主链部分,其中GalA为主链的核心组分,Gal, Ara和Rha构成了主侧链结构的边缘及末端残基部分.以上结果说明,人参果胶SB是以半乳糖醛酸为主的酸性杂多糖.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has