Tissue-specific expression of glutathione S-transferases induced by 2-tridecanone or quercetin in cotton bollworms, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)

The tissue-specific expression of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) in the cotton bollworm and the expression level induced by 2-tridecanone and quercetin were examined using the methods of biochemistry and the quantitative PCR. The relative expression level of GST mRNA was unanimous with the GSTs activity conjugaging with 1-chloro-2, 4-dimitro-benzene (CDNB) in fat bodies, midguts, heads and integuments of cotton bollworms. The GSTs activity in fat bodies was the highest, then midguts, heads and integuments in turn, which was in consistent with the relative expression level of GST mRNA. The specific activity of GSTs and the relative expression level of GST mRNA could be significantly induced by 2-tridecanone and quercetin, and after the induction the order of the GSTs activity and the relative expression level of GST mRNA in the above four tissues in cotton bollworms was not different from the control. The induction of GSTs by 2-tridecanone was stronger than by quercetin in all four tissues, which was in accordance with the relative expression level of GST mRNA. It suggested that the increase of GSTs activity induced by plant allelochemicals was associated with the elevated expression of GST mRNA in cotton bollworms.     

An analysis of structure fitting and bioactivity between sex pheromone of cotton boll-worm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) and its fluorinated analogs

Cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), a worldwide pest, distributes in the vast area between N50° and S50°, including Europe, Asia, Africa, and islands in the southwest Pacific Ocean. It occurred very seriously many times in the last century and brought about great losses to cotton and the other economic crop yields in China. Pesticides such as organochlorine, organophos- phorus, carbamate and pyrethroid have been widely ap- plied to control the pest in cotton fields since the…     

寄主对棉铃虫(Helicoverpa armigera Hübner)越冬蛹抗寒能力的影响

通过对滞育蛹过冷却点的测定,初步明确寄主对棉铃虫的越冬抗寒性有影响,采自棉花的滞育蛹过冷却点低于采自玉米的滞育蛹,即前者的抗寒能力高于后者;但用抗虫棉喂养后的棉铃虫滞育蛹抗寒能力下降.     

NO and H2O2 induced by Verticillium dahliae toxins and its influence on the expression of GST gene in cotton suspension cells

Nitric oxide （NO） and hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） have been shown to be important signaling molecules that participate in the regulation of several physiological processes. In particular, they have significant role in plant resistance to pathogens by contributing to induction defense genes. Here, whether NO and H2O2 participate in the resistance responses against Verticillium dahliae toxins （VD-toxins） and their effects on the expression of GSTgene are studied. The results reveal that NO and H2O2 are produced as part of a complex network of signals that respond to VD-toxins and may converge to function both synergistically and independently by inducing resistant responses. GSTgene is potentially involved in the resistance mechanism in the cotton suspension cells. NO induces the expression of GSTgene independently of H2O2. H2O2 may be a more potent signal in the resistance responses against VD-toxins.     

An analysis of structure fitting and bioactivity between sex pheromone of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) and its fluorinated analogs

A study on the structure-activty relationship between （Z）-hexadec-9-enal （Z-9-16：Ald） and its analog was conducted by comparing the structures of the sex pheromone of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera （Huebner） with its fluorinated analog using computer molecular fitting. It is demonstrated that the structure of analog substituting for hydrogen atom on the terminal carbon atom is similar to Z-9-16：Ald. The EAG result showed that there is no significant difference in activities between Z-9-16：Ald and its fluorinated analog synthesized.     

Antibodies induced by multi?epitope vaccine showed inhibitory activity against heterologous influenza A virus (H3N2)

In this study, recognition of 4 recombinant viral proteins (GST?NHA1) by the antibodies induced by multi?epitope vaccine was testified. Inhibitory activities of these antibodies were also investigated in vitro against four heterologous influenza A viruses (H3N2). Three epitope?specific antibodies purified by affinity chromatography could reduce the plaque formation. Interestingly, the three neutralizing antibodies in combination showed obvious enhancement of inhibitory activity, suggesting that the development of recombinant multi?epitope vaccine might be an effective way against viral mutation.     

A novel element (NIRS) participates in the regulation of interleukin 2 receptor α gene expression

A novel element at −153/−143 bp in the interleukin 2 receptor α (IL-2Rα) gene has been coined as NRE-inverse repeat sequence (NIRS) due to its inversely repeated to the known negative regulatory element (NRE) further upstream of the gene. In order to explore the role of NIRS in the expression of IL-2Rα gene, luciferase reporter plasmids driven by 4 individually deleted IL-2Rα genes promoter regions were constructed. Transfection of the reporter plasmids into Jurkat cells and HeLa cells respectively, we found that both NIRS and NRE were critical for repressing the constitutive expression of IL-2Rα gene and were also necessary for promoter activity induced by PHA. EMSA results showed that double-stranded NRE-and NIRS-binding proteins existed in both HeLa cells and Jurkat cells. However, single-stranded NIRS-and NRE-binding protein was only found in HeLa cells. Interestingly, the supershift band showed up in EMSA system with Jurkat cells (no matter whether activated or not) adding to the cell lysate of HeLa cells. UV-crosslinking showed a double stranded NRE-and NIRS-binding protein p83 in both Jurkat cells and HeLa cells. Our results suggest that trans-acting factors play a key role in regulating promoter activity of IL-2Rα gene by interacting with double or single stranded NRE and/or NIRS selectively in different cells.     

Synthesis, crystal structure and thermal behavior of Rb(NTO) · H2O

The Rb(NTO)·H₂O crystal has been synthesized by reaction of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole-5-one (NTO) with Rb₂CO₃ in aqueous solution. Its crystal structure has been determined. The crystal belongs to monoclinic system. Crystal structure data: space group P2₁ / n; a = 0.633 0(1), b = 0.824 1(2), c =1.296 4(3) nm; β= 97.90(1)°; V = 0.669 9 (2) nm³ , Z = 4, D_c = 2.306 g/cm³, μ= 7.365 nm^-1, F (000) = 448. An eight coordinated compound is formed between Rb⁺ with oxygen atoms and nitrogen atoms. A layer structure is formed by coordination bonds and hydrogen bonds. The thermal decomposition mechanism of this coordination compound is discussed .     

Nucleation and growth kinetics of La_(0.7)Sr_(0.3)Cr_(0.4)Mn_(0.6)O_(3-δ) SOFC perovskite:Symmetry alteration evolution induced by Cu~(2+) and Ni~(2+) impregnation

La_(0.7)Sr_(0.3)Cr_(0.4)Mn_(0.6)O_(3-δ) perovskite nanoparticles have been synthetized using an ethylene glycol modified solgel method and impregnated by Cu_(0.75)Ni_(0.25) nanoparticles. The phase transitions and nucleation kinetics were studied by time resolved x-ray diffraction, Rietveld, Raman spectroscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. Findings have shown that, an atomic disorder dominates from room temperature to 400 °C. Nanoparticles with crystal size 26 nm start through nuclei formation of La_(0.7)Sr_(0.3)Cr_(0.4)Mn_(0.6)O_(3-δ) and SrCrO_4 solid solutions with Pm3m cubic and P2_1/n monoclinic symmetry respectively in the range of 600–650 °C. Symmetry reduction from the Pm3m→R3c space group had been obtained at a lower temperature(750 °C) than those reported in the literature in oxygen atmosphere and it was confirmed by an octahedral distortion, which takes place in the crystallographic direction[221]/(122). The Johnson-Mehl-Avrami model had described the whole process, where the existence of two phases was shown before it reached its complete D_(3d)~6 point group symmetry.     

Synthesis, crystal structure and properties of binuclear manganese complex [(bipy)2Mn2(μ-O)(μ-Ac)2(H2O)2](ClO4)2

Binuclear manganese complex [(bipy)₂Mn₂(μ-O)(μ-Ac)₂(H₂O)₂](ClO₄)₂ was synthesized by the reaction of MnAc₃ · 2H₂O with 2,2′-bipyridine in the HAc-NaAc buffer (pH = 4.0). X-ray diffraction result for the single crystal shows that the crystal is monoclinic, space group C₂/C, with a = 3.408 2(7),b = 0.864 4(2),c = 2.174 9(4) nm, β= 105.2∘, V=6.186(2) nm³, Z= 8. There are two very strong peaks of UV-Vis spectrum in the range of 400–600 nm, which are similar to those of Mn catalase and Mn ribonuleotide reductase extracted from organisms. Cyclic voltammogram shows that the complex in CH₃CN undergoes quasi-reversible one-electron reduction and oxidation at E_1/2=1.15V.     

Synthesis, crystal structure and properties of binuclear manganese complex [(bipy)2Mn2(μ-O)(μ-Ac)2(H2O)2](ClO4)2

Binuclear manganese complex [(bipy)2Mn2(μ-O)(μ-Ac)2(H2O)2](ClO4)2 was synthesized by the reaction of MnAc3·2H2O with 2,2′- -bipyridine in the HAc-NaAc buffer (pH = 4.0). X-ray diffraction result for the single crystal shows that the crystal is monoclinic, space group C2/C, with a = 3.408 2(7), b = 0.864 4(2), c = 2.174 9(4) nm, β=105.2°,V =6.186(2) nm3, Z = 8. There are two very strong peaks of UV-Vis spectrum in the range of 400-600 nm, which are similar to those of Mn catalase and Mn ribonuleotide reductase extracted from organisms. Cyclic voltammogram shows that the complex in CH3CN undergoes quasi-reversible one-electron reduction and oxidation at E1/2=1.15 V.     

Degradation of Azo Dyes by Photocatalysis of Fe (Ⅲ)-oxalate Complexes/H202 in Aqueous Non-ionic Surfactant Triton X-100 Solution

Two azo dyes,C.I.Reactive Red 195(RR195)and C.I.Acid Black 234(AB234)were degraded by photocatalysis of Fe(Ⅲ)-oxalate complexes/H2O2 in aqueous non-ionic surfactant,Triton X-100(TX-100)solution.Some factors affecting the dye degradation such as TX-100 concentration,irradiation intensity,and sodium chloride were investigated.The interaction and competition between dye and TX-100 during the degradation were also examined using spectrophotometry and maximum bubble pressure method,respectively.The results indicated that TX-100 showed a significant reduction effect on degradation of two azo dyes,but which was largely confined to TX-100 concetration below the Critical Micellar Concentration(CMC).And the reduction was considerably decreased above the CMC,especially in the case of AR234.Moreover,the reducing effect of TX-100 on dye degradation almost did not vary with irradiation intensity.And the impact of sedium chloride on dye degradation was limited by the addition of TX-100.     

Molecular characterization of GmNHX2, a Na＋/H＋ antiporter gene homolog from soybean,and its heterolosous expression to improve salt tolerance in Arabidopsis

Na＋/H＋ antiporters have been well documented to enhance plant salt tolerance by regulating cellular ion homeostasis. Here, a putative Na＋/H＋ antiporter gene homolog GmNHX2 from soybean was cloned and predicted to encode a protein of 534 amino acids with 10 putative transmembrane domains. GmNHX2 was expressed in all soybean plant tissues but enriched in roots and its expression was induced by NaCI and polyethylene glycol （PEG） treatments. GmNHX2 exhibits greater sequence similarity with LeNHX2 and AtNHX6 than that of AtNHX1 and AtSOS1. Although phylogenetic analysis clustered GmNHX2 with organellar （tonoplast and vesicles） antiporters, the GmNHX2-EGFP （enhanced green fluorescent protein） fusion protein was possibly localized in the plasma membrane or organelle membrane of transgenic plant cells, Furthermore, transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing GmNHX2 were more tolerant to high NaCl concentrations during germination and seedling stages when compared with wild-type plants. These results suggest that GmNHX2 is a membrane Na＋/H＋ antiporter and may function to regulate ion homeostasis under salt stress.     

Degradation of Azo Dyes by Photocatalysis of Fe(Ⅲ)-oxalate Complexes/H_2O_2 in Aqueous Non-ionic Surfactant Triton X-100 Solution

Two azo dyes,C.I.Reactive Red 195(RR195)and C.I.Acid Black 234(AB234)were degraded by photocatalysis of Fe(Ⅲ)-oxalate complexes/H2O2 in aqueous non-ionic surfactant,Triton X-100(TX-100)solution.Some factors affecting the dye degradation such as TX-100 concentration,irradiation intensity,and sodium chloride were investigated.The interaction and competition between dye and TX-100 during the degradation were also examined using spectrophotometry and maximum bubble pressure method,respectively.The results indicated that TX-100 showed a significant reduction effect on degradation of two azo dyes,but which was largely confined to TX-100 concentration below the Critical Micellar Concentration(CMC).And the reduction was considerably decreased above the CMC,especially in the case of AB234.Moreover,the reducing effect of TX-100 on dye degradation almost did not vary with irradiation intensity.And the impact of sodium chloride on dye degradation was limited by the addition of TX-100.     

Theoretical study on stereodynamics of H + NeH+ (v = 0, j = 0) → H2 + + Ne reaction

Stereodynamics of reaction H + NeH+(v = 0,j = 0) → H2+ + Ne is investigated by quasi-classical trajectory method using a new potential energy surface constructed by Lv et al.The distributions of P(r),P(r) and PDDCSs are calculated at four different collision energies.The rotational polarization of product H2+ presents different characters at different collision energies.The product rotational angular momentum vector j’ is not only aligned,but also oriented along the direction perpendicular to the scattering plane.With the increase of collision energy,the rotation of product molecule has a preference of changing from the "in-plane" mechanism to the "out-of-plane" mechanism.Although the title reaction is mainly dominated by the direct reaction mechanism,the indirect mechanism plays a role when the collision energies are low.     

Synthesis, electrochemistry and polyphenol oxidase activities studies of [Fe(ntb)Cl2]Cl · THF · H2O

合成了三(2-苯并咪唑甲基)胺(ntb)为配体的单核铁(Ⅲ)配合物[Fe(ntb)Cl2]Cl·THF·H2O,对配合物进行了IR、UV-vis和元素分析等表征.通过单晶X-射线衍射确定了其晶体结构,配合物阳离子含有一个中心金属Fe(Ⅲ)离子,与一个烷基胺氮、三个苯并咪唑氮和两个氯离子配位,形成畸变八面体构型.配合物分子和外界阴离子以及溶剂分子之间通过氢键作用形成三维网络结构.用循环伏安法研究了配合物的电化学性质,在0.8～-0.8 V (vs.SCE)电位扫描范围内,配合物呈准可逆的氧化还原行为.在pH 8.2和40℃的条件下,以邻苯二酚为底物,研究了配合物的拟多酚氧化酶活性,结果表明,配合物催化邻苯二酚氧化呈准一级动力学反应,其速率常数为0.32 min-1.     

Histopathology and Ultrastructural Pathology of Cyprinid Herpesvirus Ⅱ(CyHV-2) Infection in Gibel Carp,Carassius auratus gibelio

Cyprinid herpesvirus II(Cy HV-2) infection is identified in cultured gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio, with high mortality in China in recent years. Histological pathology includes acute hepatocellular necrosis, splenic necrosis, kidney necrosis, hyperplasia of the secondary lamellae with focal necrosis. Acute necrotic myocarditis and granulocytes are prominent within the cardiac lumen in infected fish. In addition, necrosis is observed in the submucosa and mucosa epithelium of intestinal tract. Edemas are observed in renal glomerulus, submucosa and mucosa epithelium of intestinal tract, myocardial cells and neurons. Transmission electron microscopy indicates the cytoplasmic inclusions in splenocytes, glomerulus cells and hematopoietic tissue cells of kidney, epithelial cells of gills and brain cells. The histopathology and ultrastructural pathology in Cy HV-2 infected gibel carp are characterized with extensive necrosis and cytoplasmic inclusions in spleen, kidney, gill and brain, which suggests that Cy HV-2 may mainly infect the spleen, kidney, gill and brain of fish.