基于空时分组码的差分检测与相干检测

对基于空时分组码的差分检测算法和相干检测算法进行了研究与对比.差分检测的鲁棒性很强,而且不需要精确的信道估计,与相干检测相比会存在性能丢失;相干检测可以取得很好的性能,但它需要知道可靠的相位和信道估计.仿真表明:当误码率(BER)相同时,相干检测的信噪比(SNR)要比差分检测的低;当误码率和星座图相同时,相干检测和差分检测的信噪比随发射天线和接收天线数量的增加而降低.     

GPS弱信号的高灵敏度捕获算法

为提高弱信号环境下全球定位系统（global positioning system,GPS）捕获的灵敏度,需进行累积提高增益。在分析传统相干累积和非相干累积算法的基础上,研究了一种基于快速傅里叶变换（fast fourier transformation,FFT）的差分相干累积方法。并采用蒙特卡罗仿真,分析了载噪比（carrier to noise ratio,C/N0）、累加次数、相干累积时间的选择对非相干算法和差分相干算法性能的影响。仿真结果表明,较传统非相干法,研究的差分相干法用于检测弱信号时具有明显的性能优势,信号检测增益最多可增加约1.8 dB,充分说明了差分相干在高灵敏度捕获中的优势。     

一种改进的低信噪比GPS信号捕获算法

为解决传统非相干累加算法难以克服的数据比特反转与平方损失问题,针对低信噪比GPS信号C/A码捕获,研究一种基于相干结果差分共轭乘累加的检测统计方法,实现了相干累加时间的延拓与增益的提高.仿真实验结果表明:在同等条件下捕获-175 dBW信号时,该算法性能明显优于非相干累加算法,可获得约2 dB增益.     

一种新型岸电电压相位和频率符合性评价的检测方法

电能质量检测是靠港船舶岸电系统性能评价的关键技术环节,其中电压相位、频率的检测要求准确且抗干扰能力强。本文提出一种新型的适用于船舶岸电系统电压相位以及频率的检测方法,可应用于电气性能指标的符合性评价。基于传统的同步旋转坐标系锁相检测方法,将模糊算法嵌入其中替代传统比例积分控制器,通过实时模糊推理调节控制器参数以提高锁相自适应能力。此外,由于传统锁相方法在频率突变、三相电压不平衡以及电压畸变等异常情况下无法精确锁定相位以及电压频率,影响岸电系统性能评价的准确性,本文引入双二阶广义积分算法以及锁频环,形成一种基于模糊-DSOGI算法的锁相检测方法。SIMULINK仿真结果表明：与传统锁相方法相比,所提出方案检测速度更快,检测精度更高。     

差分跳频最大似然序列检测及其性能分析

为了在差分跳频接收机中使用最大似然检测算法,通过引入频率可靠度函数生成了多普勒平面上的广义星座图,构造了差分跳频最大似然算法。广义星座图不仅使差分跳频接收机最大似然序列检测成为可能,而且适用于采用频率来荷载信息的通信系统的符号或序列检测。仿真表明,差分跳频最大似然序列检测算法比采用逐跳检测的最大后验概率算法性能优越。     

基于STM32F103RD的数字相干检测系统设计与实现

为了提高检测精度、简化硬件电路设计、精确测量2n伪随机复合频率信号中各主频信号通过地质体之后的响应参数(相位信息和幅度信息),基于数字相干检测的原理,设计一种数字相干检测系统。该检测系统硬件以高性能处理器STM32F103RD为核心,结合24位Σ-△型高精度模数转换器ADS1271和GPS的实时授时功能完成对待测信号的采集;该系统软件针对待测信号中与参考信号相干的某个主频信号设计A/D采样率处理、参考信号离散化处理、GPS同步规则设置以及相干检测计算等算法实现幅度和相位的检测。研究结果表明:该相干检测系统能准确检测出2n复合频率信号中各主频信号经过模拟地质体之后的响应信息;该检测系统具有良好的抗温度干扰能力、一致性以及重复性,能有效提高检测精度、减少误差。该相干检测系统非常吻合当前物探领域频率域勘探仪器的检测要求,具有广阔的应用前景。     

级联低密度校验码的差分酉空频调制技术

提出了一种新的级联低密度校验码的“差分酉空频调制”方案,该方案适用于收发端均未知信道状态信息的多输入多输出(OFDM)系统.“差分酉空频调制”是在发送天线与OFDM子载波之间进行“空频”编码,而在相邻两个OFDM码字之间进行差分调制,它可以充分利用多径衰落信道所提供的频率分集资源,不需要任何信道状态信息就能够获得最大的频率分集增益.由于其具有最大化的频率分集增益和较高的编码增益,故该方案的系统误码率性能远远优于新近研究文献中所提出的“差分酉空时调制”OFDM技术.在接收端提出了非相干迭代译码方案,其性能良好,同时译码复杂度相对较低.相应的仿真研究表明,该方案在“时频双选”信道下具有很强的鲁棒性.     

一种归一化点积功率型伪码跟踪鉴相算法

具有点积功率型鉴相算法的非相干伪码跟踪环克服了增益不平衡的影响,但没有线性范围,不具有相干码环的优点,且跟踪速度比传统的码跟踪环低.为了解决这些问题,作者提出了一种非相干的归一化点积功率型鉴相算法.该算法采用非相干码环结构,而本质上是相干的,其既对载波的依赖程度不高又有较大的线性范围.仿真实验表明,采用新算法的码环具有较快的跟踪速度,在性能上优于已有的鉴相算法.     

一种Eureka-147数字声音广播系统频率捕获算法

提出了一种新的Eureka-147数字声音广播(DAB)系统的频率捕获算法.该算法采用了基于相邻子载波之间差分检测的频率估计,消除了符号定时误差引起的相移影响,根据频率估计测度的最高值与其左右邻近值关系将粗频率估计分辨率提高到0.5,频率捕获残留的载波频率偏移减少到-0.25～0.25,避免了通常的精频率偏差估计算法在±0.5左右时性能严重恶化的问题.     

相关块衰落信道下空时检测的误码性能研究

对相关块衰落信道下MPSK相干空时检测以及差分空时检测的误码性能进行了理论推导和系统仿真,给出了相应封闭形式的误比特表达式.相干检测能获得很好的误码性能,但是它需要进行精确的信道估计,以获得可靠的信道衰落的幅度和相位大小.然而,差分检测不需要进行信道估计以获取信道状态信息(CSI),因此当信道衰落速度很快或系统发射天线数目较多时,差分检测变得更加切合实际.虽然差分检测的健壮性很强,但是与相干检测相比,其误码性能要差,并且在高信噪比区域存在误码平台.仿真结果表明:相干空时检测和差分空时检测都获得了明显的分集增益,在相同的星座调制和信噪比下,相干检测的误码性能要优于差分检测,同时也和理论结果相吻合.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the