Signal for IL-2 internalization located in the endocellular domain of IL-2R γ subunit only

Interleukin-2(IL-2) is an important immunoregulatory factor. After the interaction between IL-2 and its receptor, intracellular signal molecules were activated and pro-oncogenes, e.g. c-Myc, c-Fos, c-Jun and Bcl-2 were induced, then cells stimulated with IL-2 would proliferate or differentiate. During these processes, IL-2 were internalized. The internalization of IL-2 mediated by IL-2R decreases the number of IL-2R on cell membranes, and makes extracellular IL-2 enter cells and degrade. It will down-regulate IL-2 biological activities. In order to identify the IL-2R subunit responsible for IL-2 internalization, chimeric IL-2Rs which consisted of different endocellular domains and extracellular domains from various IL-2R subunits were constructed. After they were transfected into L929 cell line, the IL-2 internalization was detected. Results showed that intracellular domains from IL-2R α and β subunits could not mediate IL-2 internalization alone; the signal for IL-2 internalization was located only in the endocellular domain of IL-2R γ subunit. Furthermore, IL-2 internalization extent would be affected by affinity between IL-2 and IL-2R.     

Genomic organization and sequence analysis of the vomeronasal receptor V2R genes in mouse genome

Two multigene superfamilies, named V1R and V2R, encoding seven-transmembrane-domain G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been identified as pheromone receptors in mammals. Three V2R gene families have been described in mouse and rat. Here we screened the updated mouse genome se- quence database and finally retrieved 63 putative functional V2R genes including three newly identified genes which formed a new additional family. We described the genomic organization of these genes and also characterized the conservation of mouse V2R protein sequences. These genomic and se- quence information we described are useful as part of the evidence to speculate the functional domain of V2Rs and should give aid to the functionality study in the future.     

Study on the interaction between Jak3 and IL-2R γ using the yeast two-hybrid system

Both interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor γ subunit and non-receptor tyrosine kinase Jak3 play important roles in IL-2 physiological functions. Jak3 has been known to bind IL-2Rγ and the interaction is very important for IL-2 signaling. In order to find the domains directly involved in the interaction between IL-2Rγ and Jak3, various deletion mutants have been constructed and their interaction has been studied using the yeast two-hybrid system. Results show that the JH3-JH7 region of Jak3 N-terminal can bind to intracellular domain of IL-2Ry directly and the intact structure of JH3-JH7 region is necessary for this combination. In addition, the region from 305 to 317 amino acid residues near the C-terminal of IL-2Ry plays a critical role in this interaction .     

Stabilization effects of third element on CaCu5 type derivatives of rare-earth transition-metal intermetallics

Part of the results of the key project " Search for novel rare-earth functional materials" supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China is reviewed. In combination with reports in literature, the effects of the third element M on the formation and stability of La2(Co.M)17. R(Fe.M)12 and R3(Fe, M)29 intermetallic compounds are discussed by considering mixing enthalpy of M with rare-earth. Fe and Co. and atomic radius, electronegativity and electronic configurations, etc. It is concluded that the mixing enthalpy and atomic radius dominate the preferential sites and the minimum amount of M required to stabilize a structure, which ultimately affect the magnetic properties of a compound prominently. This review should provide some heuristic hints for exploiting novel rare-earth transition metal functional materials and for improving their performance.     

Preparation of （ R ）- and （ S ）-2-Allyl-1,3,2-Dinaphtho （α,β）[d. f]dioxaborepin and Their Reactions with Aldehydes

(R)- and (S)-2-Allyl-1,3,2-dinaphtho(α,β) [d.f]dioxaborepin ((R)-2 and (S)-2) have been first prepared by the reaction of (R)-( )- or (S)-(-)-1, l‘‘-bi-2-naphthol and triallylborane in THF at room temperature, respectively.(S)-2 and (R)-2 are sensitive to moisture and oxygen in air and disproportionate easily to triallylborane and 1, l’-bi-2-naphthyl bis(1, l‘‘-bi-2-naphtholborate) at ambient temperature. However, THF is a stabilizer for them. The reactions of (R)-2 or (S)-2 and some aliphetic or aromatic aldehydes in CH2Cl2 at -78℃ for several hours afforded β-alkylenyl alcohols in up to 84.8G ee. Among them, optically active 1-(3,5-dichlorophenyl )-3-butenol and 1-( 2-methoxyphenyl )-3-butenol were first prepared.     

简讯(英文)

Introduction of School of Information Science and Technology (SIST)The School of Information Science and Technology (SIST) of Tsinghua University was founded in 1994, and consists of three Departments (Electronic Engineering, Computer Science and Technology, Automation), one Institute (Microe-lectronics), as well as the Research Institute of Information Technology, Joint Laboratory on Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University Software College, and the National Training Center in Integrated Circuits.     

Aims and Scope of the Journal

<正>The journal of Progress in Natural Science:Materials International sponsored and organized by both Chinese Materials Research Society(C-MRS)and International Union of Materials Research Societies(IUMRS)started to publish its first issue in November,2 010.The Progress in Natural Science:Materials International provides scientists and engineers throughout the world with a central vehicle for the exchange and dissemination of basic theoretical studies and applied research of advanced materials.The emphasis     

Instructions for Authors

About Science Bulletin Science Bulletin(Sci.Bull.,formerly known as Chinese Science Bulletin)is a multidisciplinary academic journal supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)and co-sponsored by the CAS and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC).Sci.Bull.is a semi-monthly international journal publishing high-caliber peer-reviewed research on a broad range of natural sciences and high-tech fields on the basis of its originality,scientific significance and whether it is of general interest.In addition,we are committed to serving the scientific community with immediate,authoritative news and valuable insights into upcoming trends around the globe.     

Instructions for Authors

About Science Bulletin Science Bulletin(Sci.Bull.,formerly known as Chinese Science Bulletin)is a multidisciplinary academic journal supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)and co-sponsored by the CAS and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC).Sci.Bull.is a semi-monthly international journal publishing high-caliber peer-reviewed research on a broad range of natural sciences and high-tech fields on the basis of its originality,scientific significance and whether it is of general interest.In addition,we are committed to serving the scientific community with immediate,authoritative news and valuable insights into upcoming trends around the globe.     

Instructions for Authors

About Science Bulletin Science Bulletin(Sci.Bull.,formerly known as Chinese Science Bulletin from 1966 to 2014)is a multidisciplinary academic journal supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)and co-sponsored by the CAS and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC).Sci.Bull.is a semi-monthly international journal publishing high-caliber peer-reviewed research on a broad range of natural sciences and high-tech fields on the basis of its originality,scientific significance and whether it is of general interest.In addition,we are committed to serving the scientific community with immediate,authoritative news and valuable insights into upcoming trends around the globe.     

Characterizations of <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis></Subscript>(<Emphasis Type="Italic">R</Emphasis>) using tight wavelet frames

In this paper,a Littlewood-Paley function characterization of the spaces L p(R),1相似文献   

Properties of a class of groups on <Emphasis Type="Italic">Z</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">m</Emphasis></Subscript>

In this paper, we obtain the factorization of direct production and order of group GL(n, Z _m ) in a simple method. Then we generalize some properties of GL(2, Z _p ) proposed by Huppert, and prove that the group \(GL\left( {2,{Z_{{z^\lambda }}}} \right)\) is solvable. We also prove that group GL(n, Z _p ) is solvable if and only if GL(n, Z _p ) is solvable, and list the generators of groups GL(n, Z _p ) and SL(n, Z _p ). At last, we prove that PSL(2, Z _p )(p > 3) and PSL(n, Z _p )(n > 3) are simple.     

On reverses of the <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis></Subscript>-Busemann-Petty centroid inequality and its applications

In this paper,the reverse forms of the L p-Busemann-Petty centroid inequality are shown. As the applications of the reverse forms,we obtain the reverse forms of the L p-centroid-affine inequality and an upper bound of the isotropic constant for convex bodies.     

Rate constants for the reaction of ozone with <Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>-butyl, <Emphasis Type="Italic">s</Emphasis>-butyl and <Emphasis Type="Italic">t</Emphasis>-butyl methyl sulfides

The rate constants for the ozone reactions with n-butyl methyl sulfide （n-BMS, CHaCH2CH2CH2SCH3）, sec-butyl methyl sulfide （s-BMS, CH3CH2（CH3）CHSCHa） and tert-butyl methyl sulfide （t-BMS, （CH3）3CSCH3） were measured using our smog chamber under supposedly pseudo-first-order conditions at 30002 K and 760 Torr. The experimental determined rate constants for n-butyl, s-butyl and t-butyl methyl sulfide are （1.23 ± 0.06）×10-19, （5.08 ± 0.19）×10-20 and （2.26 ± 0.14）×10-20 cm3 molecule-1· s-1, respectively. The reactivity-structure relationship of the reactions was discussed and used to illustrate the mechanism of the ozone reaction with thioethers. The results enrich the kinetics data of atmospheric chemistry.     

Slip model for the 2011 M_w 9.0 Sendai （Japan） earthquake and its M_w 7.9 aftershock derived from GPS data

Using GPS-measured coseismic and post-seismic displacements for the 8 h following the M w 9.0 Sendai earthquake of March 11, 2011, coseismic and post-seismic fault slip models were developed based on a layered crustal model. The geodetic moment magnitude of the main shock was measured as approximately M w 8.98. The slip exhibits clear reverse characteristics, with a maximum near the hypocenter, and a magnitude of about 23.3 m. Some strike-slip behavior may occur on the two sides of the peak rupture zone. Almost 90% of the seismic moments released by the main shock occurred at depths less than 40 km. The energy released by the fault slip in the 8 h following the main shock is approximately equal to an earthquake of M w 8.13. With a maximum of ~1.5 m, the post-seismic slip was concentrated in the southwestern part of the coseismic rupture fault, which agrees well with the location and behavior of the M w 7.9 aftershock. This implies that the post-seismic deformation in the 8 h after the main shock was mainly induced by the M w 7.9 aftershock. In addition, a post-seismic slip of 0.2-0.4 m was observed at the down-dip extension of the coseismic rupture, which may have been caused by the effect of after-slip during this period.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Subscript>2</Subscript> decay estimate of BCL equation

This paper considers linearized BCL system with viscosity which is firstly derived by J. L. Bona, T. Colin and D. Lannes for the study of motion of water waves. L ₂ decay estimate is got by means of Fourier analysis and frequency decomposition. This result plays key role in studying the global well-posedness of corresponding nonlinear system.     

Glass-forming ability,microhardness, corrosion resistance,and dealloying treatment of Mg60-xCu40Ndx alloy ribbons

The influence of Nd addition on the glass-forming ability (GFA), microhardness, and corrosion resistance of Mg_60-xCu₄₀Nd_x (x=5, 10, 15, 20, and 25, at%) alloys were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, Vickers-type hardness tests, and electrochemical methods. The results suggest that the GFA and microhardness of the amorphous alloys increase until the Nd content reaches 20at%. The corrosion potential and corrosion current density obtained from the Tafel curves indicate that the Mg₃₅Cu₄₀Nd₂₅ ternary alloy exhibits the best corrosion resistance among the investigated alloys. Notably, nanoporous copper (NPC) was synthesized through a single-step dealloying of Mg_60-xCu₄₀Nd_x (x=5, 10, 15, 20, and 25) ternary alloys in 0.04 mol·L-1 H₂SO₄ solution under free corrosion conditions. The influence of dealloying process parameters, such as dealloying time and temperature, on the microstructure of the ribbons was also studied using the surface diffusivity theory. The formation mechanism of dealloyed samples with a multilayered structure was also discussed.     

Enhanced anti-sunward flow near local noon during a period of horizontal IMF and high solar wind velocity <Emphasis Type="Italic">V</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">Y</Emphasis></Subscript>

It is believed that a southward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) is mainly responsible for the energy input from solar wind into the magnetosphere. This paper presents an unusual case of strong anti-sunward plasma flow (up to 2 km/s) in the polar cap ionosphere and large cross-polar cap potential (CPCP) during a period of horizontal IMF (|B _Z | < 2 nT) observed by both ACE (at the L1 point) and Geotail (on the dusk flank of the magnetosheath). The CPCP is even higher than that under preceding B _Z ≈ −23 nT. Furthermore, GOES8 observed that the magnetosheath field turns northward as the anti-sunward plasma flow and CPCP start to increase, which implies that the magnetosheath field interacting with the Earth’s magnetopause has significantly rotated and differs from the IMF observed by ACE and Geotail. In accordance with previous theoretical work, we suggest that the magnetic field line draping produces a southward magnetosheath field and enhances anti-sunward plasma flow and the CPCP.     

Comparative proteomics analysis of <Emphasis Type="Italic">OsNAS1</Emphasis> transgenic <Emphasis Type="Italic">Brassica napus</Emphasis> under salt stress

Salt stress is one of the major abiotic stresses in agricultural plants worldwide. We used proteomics to analyze the differential expression of proteins in transgenic OsNAS1 and non-transformant Brassica napus treated with 20 mmol/L Na₂CO₃. Total protein from the leaves was extracted and separated through a high-resolution and highly repetitive two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) technology system. Twelve protein spots were reproducibly observed to be upregulated by more than 2-fold between transgenic and non-transformant B. napus. These 12 spots were digested in-gel with trypsin and characterized by matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) to obtain the peptide mass fingerprints. Protein database searching revealed that 5 of these proteins are involved in salt tolerance: dehydrogenase, glutathione S-transferase, peroxidase, 20S proteasome beta subunit, and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. The potential functions of these identified proteins in substance and energy metabolism, stress tolerance, protein degradation, and cell defense are discussed. The salt tolerance of the transgenic rapeseed was significantly improved by the introduction of the OsNAS1 gene from Brazilian upland rice of Oryza sativa (cv. IAPAR 9).