中药复方921粗提物的抗前列腺癌作用

为确定中药复方921粗提物的抗前列腺癌作用,采用SRB法考察921方粗提物对肿瘤细胞株的体外生长抑制作用,采用小鼠可移植瘤模型肝癌H22、肉瘤S180、前列腺癌TRAMP-C2和人前列腺癌细胞PC-3M裸鼠移植模型,考察其对体内肿瘤的生长抑制作用,并了解其与CTX合用时的增效和减毒作用。结果显示:1)921方粗提物对DU-145、PC-3M、EJ、TRAMP-C2等细胞株的GI50约在1:14.2～1:73.5(稀释度)之间;2)对肝癌H22小鼠移植瘤的抑制率达42%,对肉瘤S180小鼠移植瘤的抑制率达52%,对TRAMP-C2小鼠移植瘤的抑制率达36%,对人前列腺癌细胞PC-3M裸鼠移植瘤的抑制率达44.2%,与CTX合用能起到协同抗肿瘤作用并且不增加毒性。结果表明中药复方921粗提物具有一定的抗前列腺癌作用。     

中药复方921粗提物的抗前列腺癌作用

为确定中药复方921粗提物的抗前列腺癌作用,采用SRB法考察921方粗提物对肿瘤细胞株的体外生长抑制作用,采用小鼠可移植瘤模型肝癌H22、肉瘤S180、前列腺癌TRAMP-C2和人前列腺癌细胞PC-3M裸鼠移植模型,考察其对体内肿瘤的生长抑制作用,并了解其与CTX合用时的增效和减毒作用。结果显示： 1） 921方粗提物对DU-145,PC-3M,EJ,TRAMP-C2等细胞株的GI_50约在1∶14.2～1∶73.5（稀释度）之间; 2） 对肝癌H22小鼠移植瘤的抑制率达42％,对肉瘤S180小鼠移植瘤的抑制率达52％,对TRAMP-C2小鼠移植瘤的抑制率达36％,对人前列腺癌细胞PC-3M裸鼠移植瘤的抑制率达44.2%,与CTX合用能起到协同抗肿瘤作用并且不增加毒性。结果表明中药复方921粗提物具有一定的抗前列腺癌作用。     

葡萄籽提取物诱导前列腺癌PC-3细胞凋亡的实验研究

该文研究葡萄籽提取物(GSE)对前列腺癌PC-3细胞的生长抑制及凋亡作用,分析GSE诱导PC-3细胞凋亡的途径.采用四唑盐(MTT)比色法测定GSE对PC-3细胞的毒性作用;利用倒置显微镜、透射电镜观察GSE对PC-3细胞引起的形态学改变;碘化丙啶(PI)、吖啶橙(AO)/溴化乙锭(EB)双染法观察GSE诱导PC-3细胞凋亡的作用;Western blot探索细胞凋亡途径.结果表明,MTT法测定GSE能显著抑制PC-3细胞生长.倒置显微镜、透射电镜下可见细胞形态改变.PI染色显示,GSE将PC-3细胞周期阻滞在G0/G1期;GSE诱导PC-3细胞凋亡,AO/EB染色,荧光显微镜下可明显看到凋亡细胞、死亡细胞.Western blot显示GSE通过caspase途径诱导细胞凋亡.从细胞和亚细胞水平研究证实了GSE对人雄激素非依赖性PCaPC-3细胞具有毒性作用,GSE可通过线粒体途径诱导PC-3细胞凋亡和坏死,抑制细胞生长.     

水飞蓟宾通过上调P15~(INK4B)和P21~(WAF1/CIP1)活化JNK诱导人胰腺癌细胞G1期阻滞及细胞凋亡

目的:探讨水飞蓟宾对胰腺癌As PC-1细胞的增殖抑制作用及其作用机制.方法:MTT法和克隆形成抑制实验观察水飞蓟宾对人胰腺癌As PC-1细胞的增殖抑制作用,碘化丙锭(PI)单染色检测细胞周期改变,Annexin V-FITC/PI双染流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡水平,Western blotting检测细胞周期及细胞凋亡相关蛋白的表达.结果:不同浓度的水飞蓟宾对胰腺癌As PC-1细胞的生长均有抑制作用,且呈剂量-效应和时间-效应关系(P0.05),水飞蓟宾作用于As PC-1细胞48、72 h的IC50浓度分别为224.20、87.25μmol/L;克隆形成抑制实验显示,随着水飞蓟宾浓度增加,As PC-1细胞克隆形成逐渐减少.细胞周期检测结果显示,随着水飞蓟宾浓度的增加,胰腺癌As PC-1细胞出现明显G1期阻滞;水飞蓟宾处理组细胞的周期蛋白Cyclin D1、Cyclin E2、Cyclin A、Cyclin B1表达下降,细胞周期蛋白激酶CDK4、CDK6表达不变,细胞周期素依赖性蛋白激酶抑制蛋白P15INK4B、P21WAF1/CIP1表达升高,与流式检测的结果相一致.不同浓度水飞蓟宾作用48 h后,出现明显的凋亡细胞群;同时发现Caspase-9、Caspase-3活化降解,Caspase3下游效应蛋白PARP出现切割条带.JNK蛋白表达增加并磷酸化活化,Bcl-2蛋白家族中抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2、Bcl-x L、Mcl-1表达明显降低,促凋亡蛋白Bax表达基本不变,BH3-only蛋白Bclxs、Bid、Bim表达增加.结论:水飞蓟宾明显抑制胰腺癌细胞增殖,通过诱导P15INK4B、P21WAF1/CIP1表达阻滞细胞周期在G1期,并通过诱导JNK活化激活线粒体细胞凋亡途径,进而诱导胰腺癌As PC-1细胞凋亡.     

生长因子受体介导的信号转导通路研究进展

生长因子受体本身具有酪氨酸激酶活性,它与生长因子结合后发生自动磷酸化并通过酪氨酸磷酸化识别机制作用于含SH2结构域蛋白,启动STATs、Ras、磷脂酶C-γ、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶、Src激酶等多条胞内信号转导通路.这些通路间的信息交谈和引起基因表达效应的重叠性使它们形成复杂的信号网络系统.     

根皮素引起前列腺癌LNCaP细胞发生凋亡的机制研究

根皮素是存在于苹果、梨等水果及多种蔬菜汁液中的天然活性物质,具有抗肿瘤活性,能够有效地诱导细胞凋亡、抑制细胞增殖.本研究初步探讨了根皮素诱导前列腺癌LNCaP细胞的凋亡和相关分子机制.通过形态学观察、噻唑蓝(MTT)比色实验、CCK-8实验测定前列腺癌细胞活性;采用DAPI染色法测定细胞核凝缩破裂;运用Annexin V-FITC/PI双染流式细胞术测定前列腺癌细胞的凋亡率;再通过PI单染流式细胞术测定前列腺癌细胞的周期变化;以及采用Western blot检测PI3K/AKT信号通路及其下游细胞凋亡相关蛋白和细胞周期相关蛋白的表达.实验结果表明:根皮素诱导前列腺癌LNCaP细胞周期阻滞在G2/M期,并呈浓度依赖性降低细胞活性、增加细胞核凝缩破裂,显著提高前列腺癌细胞的凋亡率.在分子机制上,根皮素呈现浓度依赖性下调PI3K/AKT的活性,从而影响细胞凋亡相关蛋白和细胞周期相关蛋白的表达.因此,根皮素对前列腺癌细胞的生长有显著的抑制作用,对治疗前列腺癌具有潜在的临床应用价值.     

白花蛇舌草中多糖抑制骨肉瘤的作用机制

为探讨白花蛇舌草(Hedyotis diffusa)活性成分对骨肉瘤的作用及其机制,对白花蛇舌草中分别提取的黄酮类、三萜酸类、香豆素类和多糖类化合物,用噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测不同提取物对MG-63细胞活性的影响;同时建立裸鼠骨肉瘤移植瘤模型,观察不同提取物对移植瘤生长的抑制作用;并通过流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡及周期变化,蛋白质免疫印记(Western blot)检测Bax及Bcl-2蛋白表达水平.结果显示:4种提取物都对MG-63细胞的增殖具有明显抑制作用,并呈现明显的剂量依赖性,最优药物质量浓度为80μg/mL;在此质量浓度下4种提取物对裸鼠移植骨肉瘤均具有抑制作用,其中多糖类对MG-63细胞活性和移植瘤生长的抑制作用最强,明显促进MG-63细胞凋亡,阻滞细胞周期;Bax表达量在48h内随着白花蛇舌草多糖类提取物作用时间延长而增加,而Bcl-2表达量则降低.由上述结果可知,白花蛇舌草活性成分中多糖类的抗肿瘤活性最强,其作用机制可能是通过抑制骨肉瘤细胞增殖、促进细胞凋亡和阻滞细胞周期来达到抑瘤效果.     

桑黄粗多糖对肿瘤细胞增殖及转移相关能力的抑制作用

研究了桑黄粗多糖（PL）对高转移卵巢癌细胞（HO-8910PM）和乳腺癌细胞（Bcap-37）增殖和转移相关能力的影响及其作用的机制.研究结果表明,桑黄粗多糖能有效抑制裸鼠移植瘤的生长,抑制率为65.37%;对离体培养的HO-8910PM和Bcap-37细胞的抑制率分别达到15.53%和23.81%;500 ind/ml PL作用于HO-8910PM细胞96 h可诱导其凋亡,通过细胞周期G0/G1期阻滞而抑制细胞增殖和诱导细胞凋亡;PL能显著抑制HO-8910PM的黏附、侵袭和迁移等肿瘤转移相关能力.桑黄粗多糖具有抑制肿瘤细胞增殖及肿瘤转移的作用.     

放射性125I粒子组织间植入对人前列腺癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤（DU145）抑制作用的实验研究

目的：观察125I例子组织间植入对人前列腺癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤（DU145）的抑制作用。方法：:雄性裸鼠50只,建立DU145前列腺癌细胞裸鼠移植瘤动物模型,分成5组（每组10只）,5只分别植入125I粒子,给予不同时间,不同剂量的照射、5只植入假源。每天观察肿瘤横径,垂直径,记录移植瘤体积变化。处死动物后,对取下的瘤体做免疫组化及病理学分析。结果：各粒子植入植入组与假源组比较,肿瘤体积有不同程度的改变（植入组＜对照组）,证明125I粒子植入对前列腺癌细胞DU145移植瘤有抑制作用,但144h组、216h组之间瘤重抑制率相比无统计学意义(P>0.05)。各粒子植入组Bax、Caspase-3、Caspase-9蛋白表达的相对含量较假源组增多（P<0.05）;组织病理学研究显示不同剂量,不同照射时间,肿瘤细胞凋亡程度不同。结论:125I粒子持续低剂量率照射可以抑制前列腺癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤（DU145）的生长,照射时间,照射剂量不同,抑制的效果不同。     

姜黄素对鼻咽癌细胞株CNE-2Z-H5裸鼠移植瘤增殖的影响

目的 研究姜黄素对人低分化鼻咽癌细胞系亚克隆株CNE-2Z-H5裸鼠移植瘤生长和增殖的影响.方法 复制人低分化鼻咽癌细胞系亚克隆株CNE-2Z-H5裸鼠移植瘤模型,观察姜黄素对移植瘤生长的影响.结果 裸鼠体内实验显示姜黄素可以抑制移植瘤的生长.不同浓度姜黄素组移植瘤瘤重与溶剂对照组比较有降低趋势,高剂量组降低更明显,差异有极显著性(P＜0.001),抑瘤率达59.75%.结论 姜黄素可以抑制CNE-2Z-H5细胞裸鼠移植瘤的生长,其可能在鼻咽癌的治疗中具有一定的价值,值得进一步深入研究.     

Src与FAK的相互作用及其在心肌肥大信号转导中的作用

心肌细胞肥大是许多心血管疾病常见的细胞形态学改变，其表型特征由其核内基因表达模式决定。Src和黏着斑激酶（focal adhesion kinase，FAK）作为胞质蛋白酪氨酸激酶是整合素信号的早期调控因子，是多细胞生物体所必须的。本文主要综述Src激酶家族及FAK在心肌肥大中信号转导的最新进展。     

Regulation of mouse blastocyst adhesion,outgrowth and matrix metalloproteinase—2 by focal adhesion kinase

The interaction of extracellular matrix-integrin markedly influences the adhesion,outgrowth,differentiation and expression of serine proteinases by the blastocyst,so it is regarded as a vital factor in blastocyst implantation.Although the mechanism of extracellular interactions between extracellular matrix and integrins has been well elucidated,the roles of the signaling molecules in the extracellular matrix-integrin signal transduction pathway in blastocyst implantation are unknown.This limits the understanding of blastocyst implantation and ECM-integrin signal transduction pathway.In the present study,in vitro blastocyst culture and indirect immunocytochemistry,matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs) zymography and antisense oligodeoxynucleotide(ODN) were used to investigate the expression of a fundamental molecule of integrin-dependent signal transduction pathways,focal adhesion kinase(FAK),in mouse blastocysts and its influence on mouse blastocyst adhesion,outgrowth and MMP-2.The results showed that mouse blastocysts expressed FAK.FAK protein was clustered in the peripheral migrating trophoblast cells and dispersed in the central area of blastocyst outgrowth.Fibronectin triggered pro-MMP-2 and 64kD MMP-2 activities.The antisense ODN to FAK attnuated pro-MMP-2 and 64kD MMP-2 activites which decreased abruptly and tended to disappear with increasting concentrations of the antisense ODN.Both mouse blastocyst adhesion and outgrowth on fibronectin were also influenced by the antisense ODN.Up to 20μg/mL of the antisense ODN concentration,the adhesion and out-growth rates were decreased in a dose-dependent manner.The results indicated that FAK influenced mouse blastocyst adhesion,outgrowth and MMP-2 activity by intracellular signal transduction.In other words,FAK regulates mouse implantation in terms of blastocyst adhesive and invasive abilities.     

Expression, distribution and function of the focal adhesion kinase (pp125FAK) during murine ectoplacental cone outgrowthin vitro

Mouse embryo implantation is a complex process that includes trophoblast cells derived from ectoplacental cone (EPC) adhesion to and migration through the extracellular matrix (ECM) of uterine endometrium and invasion into the decidua. At the time of implantation, fibronectin (FN) is abundant in the decidua and is distributed pericellularly around each individual stromal cell, and its receptor (integrin α-5β-1) expression on trophoblast populations is up-regulated. The focal adhesion kinase, a 125 ku protein tyrosine kinase (pp125 FAK), is tyrosine phosphorylated upon integrin engagement with its ECM ligand, and its tyrosine phosphorylation sites then serve as the binding sites which couple it with cellular proteins that contain Src SH2 or SH3 domains. Through these linkages, pp125 FAK may integrate multiple signals triggered by integrins. The model of EPC culture %in vitro% was used to study the expression, distribution and function of pp125 FAK during EPC outgrowth on FN. Results indicated that, pp125 FAK primarily expressed and distributed in cellular focal adhesions of the front edge of trophoblast outgrowth from EPC, and was localized in the peripheral region of the individual migrating trophblast cell; antibody or antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to pp125 FAK inhibited EPC attachment and outgrowth, as well as trophoblast cells spreading and migration. This experiment demonstrated that pp125 FAK as an integrin-mediated signaling molecule was involved in EPC outgrowth %in vitro%, and played an important role during trophoblast cells interaction with FN.     

Effect of antisense oligonucleotides targeting telomerase catalytic subunit on tumor cell proliferationin vitro

To screen specific antitumor drugs targeting telomerase catalytic subunit (hEST2), 12 different hEST2 antisense oligonucleotides were designed based on hEST2 mRNA second structure and transfected into tumor cell lines by the lipofectin-mediated method. Cell growth activity was evaluated by MTT assay. hEST212 was picked out and its specificity, antitumor tree and continuous effect were analyzed. The results showed that hEST212 had promising antitumor activity in vitro, hEST2 can be used as a pratical target and an antisense drug candidate for cancer.     

Bruton酪氨酸激酶Btk的生物学特性研究进展

酪氨酸激酶Btk是非受体酪氨酸家族的成员,它由PH结构域、TH结构域、SH3结构域、SH2结构域和催化结构域5部分组成.Btk参与多种信号通路,对细胞的增殖、分化和凋亡起着重要的调控作用.Btk的突变可导致X连锁无丙种球蛋白血症,一直以来都是研究热点.笔者将围绕Btk的结构、功能、X连锁无丙种球蛋白血症的临床表现等方面的内容加以综述,着重探讨Btk参与B细胞信号通路、TLR信号通路和肥大细胞脱颗粒等过程的具体机制.     

铂(II)与胺类配合物的合成、晶体结构和抗肿瘤活性研究

研究铂(II)与三种胺类配合物的合成、晶体结构和体外抗肿瘤活性,化合物1的X-射线单晶结构分析表明:这是一个很少见的具有四方锥几何构型的铂(II)配合物,顺式平面四方形配位的铂的轴向上有第5个配位原子。其抗肿瘤活性实验显示3个配合物对几种研究的癌细胞都有较强的抑制作用。     

抗肿瘤喹唑啉衍生物的定量构效关系

用量子化学密度泛函(DFT)及分子力学(MM )方法,计算了一系列抗肿瘤喹唑啉衍生物分子的电子结构、几何结构及分子性质(广义结构参数),并通过回归分析,筛选出主要因素,建立定量构效关系(QSAR)方程.发现该类化合物分子的抗肿瘤活性与一些广义结构参数有密切关系,特别是苯环18位碳上取代基(R)的体积与表面积的比值r18,嘧啶环与苯环(C环)间的距离d,以及次低未占据分子轨道(NLUMO)的能量NL与抗肿瘤活性显著相关,可通过取代基的选择与计算来筛选药效最佳的先导物.QSAR方程的拟合相关系数(R2)及交叉验证相关系数(q2)分别为0.851 6和0.714 6,表明所得模型具有可信的预报能力,可用以精确预测该系列化合物活性,并为设计抗肿瘤活性更高的喹唑啉衍生物及作用机理分析提供理论指导.     

叠氮法合成谷氨酰胺类化合物及其抗肿瘤活性

研究发现抗癌酮（Antineoplaston A10）降解物中谷氨酰胺与异谷氨酰胺类衍生物显示出抗肿瘤少性。为此，设计并合成了一系列苯乙酰谷氨酰胺类化合物供抗肿瘤活性筛选，采用合成酰基叠氮化合物，再与胺类于低湿下反应生成酰胺类目标化合物，该方法反应条件温和，收率好，而且手性中心不发生消旋化，所合成化合物结构经IR、^1HNMR、MS及元素分析方法鉴定。对所合成目标化合物做抗肿瘤活性评价，采用MTT法对L1210细胞进行了测试，初步结果显示有一定的抑制肿瘤细胞存活的作用。     

Helicobacter exploits integrin for type IV secretion and kinase activation

Integrins are important mammalian receptors involved in normal cellular functions as well as pathogenesis of chronic inflammation and cancer. We propose that integrins are exploited by the gastric pathogen and type-1 carcinogen Helicobacter pylori for injection of the bacterial oncoprotein cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) into gastric epithelial cells. Virulent H. pylori express a type-IV secretion pilus that injects CagA into the host cell; CagA then becomes tyrosine-phosphorylated by Src family kinases. However, the identity of the host cell receptor involved in this process has remained unknown. Here we show that the H. pylori CagL protein is a specialized adhesin that is targeted to the pilus surface, where it binds to and activates integrin alpha5beta1 receptor on gastric epithelial cells through an arginine-glycine-aspartate motif. This interaction triggers CagA delivery into target cells as well as activation of focal adhesion kinase and Src. Our findings provide insights into the role of integrins in H.-pylori-induced pathogenesis. CagL may be exploited as a new molecular tool for our further understanding of integrin signalling.