凡纳滨对虾感染纤毛虫期间对环境因子的响应

淡水养殖凡纳滨对虾为内陆居民获取新鲜海产品提供了很大便利,但是在海虾淡养的过程中,对虾对环境因子的波动非常敏感.为了探究凡纳滨对虾在感染纤毛虫时,对池水表层和底层的水温(WT),溶氧(DO),pH差异的敏感程度,本文对常德市西洞庭区凡纳滨对虾养殖基地4个发病池塘(A类池塘)和4个未发病池塘(B类池塘)进行连续监测.结果...     

亚致死温度热休克对凡纳滨对虾的保护作用

以亚致死温度(35 ℃)热休克凡纳滨对虾Litopenaeus vannamei 2 h,再进行致死温度(40 ℃)热刺激,凡纳滨对虾的存活率为54.2%.以亚致死温度对凡纳滨对虾热休克2 h,正常水温(25±0.5)℃下分别恢复2、6、12和24 h,再对其进行白斑综合症病毒(white spot syndrome virus, WSSV)注射感染,得到凡纳滨对虾的平均存活时间分别为101.43、98.07、76.92和63.28 h,与未经35 ℃热休克的对照组的平均存活时间(46.89 h)相比,均存在极显著差异性(P<0.01).证明了适当的热休克应激,不仅能提高凡纳滨对虾对高温的热耐受性,还显著地增强了凡纳滨对虾对WSSV感染的抵抗性.     

盐度对凡纳滨对虾、中国明对虾和斑节对虾仔虾生长和存活的影响

为开发渤海滩涂对虾养殖业,研究盐度(30‰和45‰)对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)、中国明对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)和斑节对虾(Penaeus monodon)仔虾生长和存活的影响.结果表明,经过10周的室内养殖,除斑节对虾外,凡纳滨对虾和中国明对虾在不同盐度下生长无显著差异(P>0.05).凡纳滨对虾无论是在盐度30‰或45‰,其生长和成活率均显著高于中国明对虾和斑节对虾(P<0.05),表明凡纳滨对虾更适于高盐环境养殖.     

凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)ATG3基因克隆及其在WSSV感染中的表达

为了揭示凡纳滨对虾自噬相关基因LvATG3在对虾先天免疫过程中的作用,利用PCR技术克隆出LvATG3,利用荧光定量PCR方法检测LvATG3在凡纳滨对虾不同组织中的表达,用白斑综合症病毒(WSSV)侵染凡纳滨对虾,检测WSSV侵染后不同时间LvATG3的基因表达情况.LvATG3 ORF区全长948 bp,编码315...     

凡纳滨对虾体内大黄苷的药代动力学特征

【目的】研究大黄苷(Rhein)在凡纳滨对虾体内的吸收、分布和代谢规律,并制定临床给药方案。【方法】以5 mg/kg剂量的大黄苷一次性肌肉注射凡纳滨对虾,利用高效液相色谱(HPLC)检测其在凡纳滨对虾血淋巴、肝胰脏、肌肉和鳃组织中的药物浓度-时间变化,并通过3P87软件进行数据处理,分析其在凡纳滨对虾体内的药代动力特征。【结果】大黄苷在4种组织里的达峰时间(Tmax)较早,分别为0.17 h、2.73 h、0.44 h、0.23 h;消除半衰期(T 1/2Ke)较短,分别为2.13 h、2.36 h、3.12 h、3.72 h;在房室模型选择上,大黄苷在4种组织中的最适药动模型均符合一级吸收一室模型。【结论】肌注大黄苷后,药物在凡纳滨对虾各组织中分布广泛、吸收快、清除能力强。大黄苷在凡纳滨对虾鳃部的浓度较高,这为利用其治疗凡纳滨对虾烂鳃病提供理论依据。     

饥饿胁迫下凡纳滨对虾昼夜活动行为的变化

采用视频记录分析的方法,研究了饥饿胁迫下凡纳滨对虾活动行为的变化.结果表明:饥饿初期(1~4d),凡纳滨对虾白昼活动频率和游走速度与对照组无显著性差异;饥饿中期(5~8 d),白昼活动频率显著高于对照组水平;饥饿后期(9~12 d),昼夜活动频率和游走速度极显著低于对照组.在饥饿胁迫下,凡纳滨对虾采取降低活动水平的行为对策,减少能量消耗,将有限能量用于维持基本生命活动.     

凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)Hsp70基因PCR扩增及序列分析

目的：为获得凡纳滨对虾的热休克蛋白70（Hsp70）基因并分析其基因序列．方法：根据GenBank中斑节对虾（Penaeus monodon）Hsp70基因的cDNA序列,设计引物,对经高盐法提取的凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）基因组DNA,采用优化的降落PCR（Touch Downeca）程序,扩增凡纳滨对虾Hsp70基因的全长序列．结果：PCR扩增得到一条长1983bp的目的DNA片段,回收纯化该片段并测定其核酸序列．用DNAman软件分析发现,该核酸序列中不含内含子,编码区全长为1959bp;经BLASTn和BLASTx软件分析发现,该编码区核苷酸序列与斑节对虾、罗氏沼虾（Macrobrachium rosenbergii）的Hsp70基因序列的相似性分别为97％和62．2％．根据核苷酸序列所推导出的Hsp70氨基酸序列,其与斑节对虾、罗氏沼虾的相似性分别为99．9％和92．6％．结论：成功地从凡纳滨对虾基因组DNA中直接扩增出Hsp70基因的全长编码区序列。     

基于高通量测序的不同养殖系统下凡纳滨对虾肠道和水体中微生物的多样性

【目的】研究不同养殖系统对凡纳滨对虾肠道及水体微生物多样性的影响。【方法】以循环养殖系统和非养殖系统下凡纳滨对虾养殖水体及其肠道为研究对象,在养殖30d后采集样品,采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序样品细菌16SrRNA基因V3+V4区,通过RDP11.3、Greengenes13.8、NCBI 16S Microbial和Customized batabase等数据库进行分析,阐述循环养殖系统的意义和微生物在其中的作用。【结果】养殖期间,不同养殖系统凡纳滨对虾均正常存活。将原始序列优化后对Clean序列进行分析,非循环系统下水体优质序列百分比约81%,肠道中约89%;循环系统下水体优质序列百分比为92%,肠道中为94%。两种养殖系统下水体和肠道细菌在纲水平占绝对优势的是变形菌纲,但各菌群丰度不同;不同的Alpha指数显示出物种间的差异性;通过系统发育树可以看出,不同养殖系统改变了凡纳滨对虾生境中的物种及发育关系,间接阐述微生物在养殖生境中的作用和意义。【结论】通过高通量测序揭示不同养殖系统中微生物菌群的差异以及多样性,对于凡纳滨对虾实际养殖具有指导作用,对阐述养殖过程中微生物和相关疾病的关系具有重要意义。     

凡纳滨对虾G蛋白Gαs基因的克隆和功能鉴定

寻找并克隆凡纳滨对虾G蛋白α亚基基因,为对虾的生理调控研究提供理论基础.通过简并PCR和RACE技术获得目的基因的全长cDNA序列.将该基因的编码序列克隆到pCMV5表达载体,通过免疫共沉淀实验和胞内cAMP浓度的测定鉴定该基因表达产物的功能.用半定量RT-PCR和Western blotting确定该基因的表达产物在对虾身体各部位的分布.克隆到凡纳滨对虾的G蛋白短式剪切模式Gαs亚基基因,将其表达产物命名为pvGαs-s.pvGαs-s的序列和功能与其它物种的Gαs具有高度保守性.它在对虾身体各部位存在普遍分布,尤其在脑神经和腮中大量表达,在触角、眼等部位也有适量分布.说明pvGαs-s在对虾生命活动中的重要性,为研究对虾的生理调控奠定了理论基础.     

饲料中添加铜对凡纳滨对虾血细胞中酶活的影响

通过在凡纳滨对虾的饵料中添加不同浓度的铜,研究其对血细胞中酶活的影响.试验结果表明,饵料中添加铜的含量对凡纳滨对虾酚氧化酶及超氧化物歧化酶都有一定影响,当基础饵料中添加30~45mg·kg-1铜时,二者的活力最高.当饵料铜过量时对超氧化物歧化酶活力的影响比对酚氧化酶的影响显著.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with