不同端口电容器转换技术

以扩展频段100kHz-13MHz电容标准作为量值传递标准，提出一种用四端对电容器标定单端口电容器相应频段频响的方法．首先，基于四端对阻抗的测量原理，分析了四端对阻抗测量中误差的产生原因；然后，借助于研制的精密四端对-单端口转换器，用四端对阻抗测量仪测量单端口电容器容量值；最后，对测量结果进行基于RBF神经网络的阻抗测量仪非线性修正和四端对阻抗测量原理的误差修正，确定单端口电容器的频率特性．经验证，该方法提高了标定结果的准确度，既实现了电容容量量值的统一，也为标定其他不同端口电容器奠定了基础．     

ERT/ECT技术电学特性与激励频率研究

电学层析成像技术包括ERT、ECT和EMT,但其对应系统的适用被测对象不同。为使电学层析成像技术更好地适用于多相流测量问题,采用数值仿真的方法,研究了多相流介质的电导率和介电常数对电学敏感场分布的影响,并且比较了不同电学特性参数介质场的频率特性。结果表明,电学层析成像系统的类型和激励频率可根据被测对象的电学特性参数决定。电导率较大(10~(-3)S/m)时采用电阻抗实部成像,选用ERT系统;电导率极低(10~(-5)S/m)且介质间介电常数相差较大时采用电阻抗虚部成像,选用ECT系统;且系统激励频率可选范围随电导率的增加而增大。最后将仿真结果与4种不同电导率被测场的实际测量数据进行对比验证,验证了仿真结果的正确性。     

不同结构的超级电容器阻抗谱

研究了不对称超级电容器和碳/碳超级电容器在化成前后的阻抗谱变化规律.由锰酸锂(LiMn2O4,LMO)和活性碳(activated carbon,AC)组成的不对称超级电容器经过化成,电容器的高频(10 kHz)交流阻抗没有明显变化,而低频电容明显提高.不对称超级电容器由于采用电池型电极材料作为其中一极,使得其阻抗特性与碳/碳超级电容器的阻抗特性不同.通过对化成前后的超级电容器交流阻抗谱进行分析,利用复数电容和复数功率两种形式讨论了不对称超级电容器的阻抗变化规律,确定了不对称超级电容器的时间常数;通过碳/碳超级电容器与不对称超级电容器的阻抗行为的比较,说明电池型电极的引入对电容器的频率响应特性造成的影响.     

基于微带谐振法的介电常数无损伤测量

为了能够简便且无损伤地测量介质的介电常数,介绍了一种基于微带谐振法的介电常数无损伤测量方法,测量装置采用四分之一波长型阶跃阻抗谐振器(stepped impedance resonator,SIR)以及背面缝隙耦合的馈电结构,使得测量装置不仅尺寸小巧而且易于贴近待测介质表面进行非破坏性测量.待测介质的介电常数由待测介质的厚度和测量前后谐振频率的变化决定,三者的函数关系式由三维电磁仿真以及三维数据拟合获得.此外,设计并制作了一款谐振频率在2 GHz频段的实物装置,实测了6种样品的介电常数,测量结果与安捷伦E4991A测试仪的测量值进行比较.根据实测比对,该测量装置的相对测量精度在±6％.最后,仿真研究了接触面缝隙带来的测量误差,并给出了相应的参考曲线.     

局部放电脉冲测量系统的设计

为了在实验室中对绝缘介质的局部放电脉冲进行深入研究,本文设计了一套用于局部放电脉冲测量提取的测量系统,系统将超宽带测量和窄带测量相结合,具有较宽的频率响应特性,根据高压试验大厅的实际情况采取了一系列措施进行干扰的消除,提高了系统的抗干扰能力。利用标准方波源对系统宽带检测阻抗进行了校验,同时利用标准电晕模型对整个测量系统进行了检验,结果表明该测量系统信噪比高,抗干扰性能强,可以满足要求。     

基于改进双电流探头法的EMI噪声源内阻抗测量

提出了一种应用于EMI噪声源内阻抗测量的改进双电流探头法.首先,分别利用2个标准电阻代替被测噪声源内阻抗接入测试回路,或将被测噪声源内阻抗短路,依次测量上述3种测试回路中注入探头输入电压和检测探头输出电压,得到3个测试回路方程,并由此得到测试回路阻抗的幅值与相位.然后,将EMI噪声源接入测试回路,重复上述测试步骤,通过计算即可确定被测EM I噪声源内阻抗的幅值与相位,测试结果接近矢量网络分析仪标准测试结果.对AC-DC开关电源噪声源内阻抗的分析结果表明,随着频率的上升,其共模噪声源内阻抗和差模噪声源内阻抗分别呈减小和增大的趋势.     

用笔记本电脑构建生物阻抗记录仪——基于虚拟仪器技术

运用虚拟仪器技术研制一种基于笔记本电脑的便捷式生物阻抗记录仪,其目的在于使医生在医学实验中可方便地测定、记录动物活体心肌组织的阻抗特性变化,以揭示生物阻抗变化与生物组织的病理特征之间的相关性。系统利用美国NI公司的虚拟仪器技术,由带PCMCIA插槽的笔记本电脑和NI多功能数据采集卡构建二线制阻抗测量系统,通过软件编程按设定的频率提供强度可控的被测生物组织激励信号,再通过DAQ采集被测生物组织的电压信号,计算测定出被测生物电阻抗(模)。此系统已经浙江省人民医院心胸外科成功地试用于动物实验中,可对心肌阻抗值变化进行全程记录,而记录数据还可进一步予以离线分析处理,因而该系统非常适用于生物阻抗变化与生物病理特征相关性的医学研究。     

粘贴电阻应变计的实践与探索

电阻应变计测试法是固体实验力学中进行结构应力分析时广泛采用的方法之一,它具有测量灵敏度和精确度高、测量范围广、频率响应好、适应性强等特点.在应变电测实验中,应变计粘贴的好坏直接影响着测量结果的准确度.作者结合多年的工作实践,就应变电测实验中电阻应变计的粘贴步骤、注意事项和实践经验等问题做了相关的研究.     

传输法测量电容器的高频参数

本文详细地讨论了用传输法测量电容器的高频参数。我们提出和试验了一种传输系统,用集总参数功率分配器和矢量电压表可以在极低频到1000兆赫频段内方便地测得固定电容器的阻抗频率特性和高频参数,其测试范围尚可扩展到更高的频段。采用这种集总参数功率分配器传输系统可以测量低至10~(-4)毫亨的固有电感量和10~(-2)欧的等效串联电阻值,并且具有良好的重复性。这一系统已被采纳为我国测量固定电容器高频参数的部定标准。     

固体内耗仪测控系统的改进设计

对传统的固体内耗仪进行了改进.主要通过对测控系统的重新设计,使测量频率范围达到1×10-4～5×102Hz,变频精度达到0.05%;内耗测量精度提高到3×10-5,同时消除了原测量方法所带来的系统误差;实现了主控计算机系统的升级.为扩展内耗的研究范围,以及为固体振动能吸收谱的研究提供了工具.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.